scholarly journals Equine grass sickness in italy: a case series study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laus Fulvio ◽  
Corsalini Jacopo ◽  
Mandara Maria Teresa ◽  
Bazzano Marilena ◽  
Bertoletti Alice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Grass Sickness ◽  
Case Series Study

Abstract Background Equine grass sickness (EGS) has been reported in several European and extra-European countries. Despite this, no scientific paper about clinical cases of EGS in Italy has been published. EGS is a disease affecting almost exclusively horses kept on pasture, characterized by clinical signs related to lesions in autonomic nervous system (ANS), particularly in the enteric nervous system (ENS). According to clinical presentation, acute, subacute and chornic syndromes can be observed, with various sympthoms including dullness, anorexia, dysphagia, drooling of saliva, tachycardia, ptosis, patchy sweating and muscle fasciculations. In horses affected by acute forms, mild to moderate abdominal pain and large volumes of nasogastric reflux can be observed. The etiology is still speculative and many hypothesis have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis. Case presentation The present study describes four cases of EGS (one subacute and three chronic forms) occurred in Central Italy during early spring. In all the cases included in the study, the prognosis was poor and the horses were euthanized. The diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination of ANS or ENS. In two cases, in vivo diagnosis was obtained by histological examination of enteric bioptic samples collected during laparoscopy. Conclusions EGS in Italy could be underdiagnosed and incidence understimated. Greater awareness should be applied in Italy for the inclusion of EGS in differential diagnosis for horses presenting clinical signs of abdominal pain associated or not with gastric reflux and muscular fasciculation. All the cases in this study concerned horses kept in the same pasture, confirming a possible premise-linked and management-linked factors on the ethiopathogenesis of EGS. The age of horses ranged from 2 to 6 years, that is consistent with the risk factor age for EGS (from 2 to 7 years of age). Previous suspected EGS diagnosis in the same livestock and recent cool dry weather were considered additional potential risk factors.

scholarly journals Infection of the central nervous system caused by varicella zoster virus reactivation: a retrospective case series study

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. e529-e534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Lozano Becerra ◽  
Robert Sieber ◽  
Gladys Martinetti ◽  
Silvia Tschuor Costa ◽  
Pascal Meylan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Virus Reactivation ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Series Study

scholarly journals Ganglioneuromatous Polyposis of the Colon: a Case Report and a Review of the Literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 018-021
Author(s):  
Cristina D'Ercole ◽  
Angelo Zullo ◽  
Maria Consiglia Bragazzi ◽  
Cesare Hassan ◽  
Roberto Lorenzetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Ascending Colon ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Endoscopic Feature ◽  
Systemic Manifestations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intestinal Ganglioneuromatosis

ABSTRACTThis report discusses a case of ganglioneuromatous polyposis of the colon in a woman without any other systemic manifestations. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the few cases of intestinal ganglioneuromatosis described in the literature presenting with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea as unique clinical signs, with multiple polyps confined in the right side of the transverse colon and in the ascending colon. Of note, the endoscopic feature of such a rare entity - which involves the enteric nervous system - may mimic that of sessile adenomatous polyps which are diagnosed at routine colonoscopy. We emphasized that this condition may be misdiagnosed, and we reviewed the reported cases in the literature. (J Dig Endosc 2011;2(1):18-21)

scholarly journals Use of remdesivir in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection among Sudanese patients: a case series

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Maysoun Yousif ◽  
Ghada Abd El-Raheem ◽  
Doaa Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
First Case ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Series Study

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting populations worldwide. Remdesivir is an anti-retroviral agent, with a broad spectrum of usage. Remdesivir usage against COVID-19 had been studied both in vitro and in vivo but is still considered a new treatment for COVID-19 and is not available in all countries. The aim of our study was to report several cases of the use of remdesivir in Sudanese patients and report the adverse events related to the course of treatment. Methods: A case series study was conducted in Imperial Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan reporting two cases who received remdesivir for treating COVID-19 besides other treatments such as steroids and supportive therapy in December 2020. Cases were males aged over 65 years. Cases presentation: Both patients were severe cases of COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), who received remdesivir for treating COVID-19 infection. Several side effects were reported: the first case had increased liver enzymes and then unexpectedly died from severe resistant hypotension; and hypoalbuminemia was noticed in the second case. Conclusions: Remdesivir use among patients in Sudan must be studied extensively in order to determine the unexpected fatal event and assess the association of this event to remdesivir use, as well as to report the frequency of the side effects.

Treatment Outcome of 22 Dogs With Masticatory Muscle Myositis (1999-2015)

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-289
Author(s):  
Ana C. Castejon-Gonzalez ◽  
Maria Soltero-Rivera ◽  
Dorothy C. Brown ◽  
Alexander M. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Masticatory Muscle ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Masticatory Function ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The University ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

Medical records of dogs diagnosed with masticatory muscle myositis (MMM) at Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania during a period of 17 years (from 1999 to 2015) were reviewed. Twenty-two dogs were included in this retrospective case series study. Immunosuppressive doses of prednisone were prescribed to all dogs. Twenty dogs had full recovery of masticatory function. The mean (SD) improvement in the vertical mandibular range of motion (vmROM) was 5.3 (3.1) cm during the first 4 weeks of treatment (weeks 1-4) and 2.8 (2.2) cm during the subsequent 8 weeks (weeks 5-12). The vmROM continued to improve for several more months. Six dogs had a relapse, but the clinical signs were more severe in dogs when no longer receiving prednisone compared to dogs still on prednisone at the time of relapse. When diagnosed and treated appropriately, MMM has a good prognosis with relatively quick return to masticatory function. Early discontinuation of prednisone therapy should be avoided. Approximately 1 year of therapy is recommended prior to discontinuing the medication. Educating the client about how to perform muscle palpation, determine vmROM at home, recognize signs of pain, and notice behavioral changes may help in the early detection of relapses.

INTEGRATING INFORMATION FROM FDG - AND AMYLOID PET FOR DETECTING DIFFERENT TYPES OF DEMENTIA IN OLDER PERSONS. A CASE-SERIES STUDY

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
L. Ruffini ◽  
F. Lauretani ◽  
M. Scarlattei ◽  
A. Ticinesi ◽  
T. Meschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Amyloid Plaque ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Case Series Study

A significant progress has been made in the understanding of the neurobiology of Alzheimer’s disease. The post-mortem studies are the gold standard for a correct histopathological diagnosis, contributing to clarify the correlation with cognitive, behavioral and extra-cognitive domains. However, the relationship between pathological staging and clinical involvement remains challenging. Neuroimaging, including positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance, could help to bridge the gap by providing in vivo information about disease staging. In the last decade, advances in the sensitivity of neuroimaging techniques have been described, in order to accurately distinguish AD from other causes of dementia. Fluorodeoxyglucose-traced PET (FDG-PET) is able to measure cerebral metabolic rates of glucose, a proxy for neuronal activity, theoretically allowing detection of AD. Many studies have shown that this technique could be used in early AD, where reduced metabolic activity correlates with disease progression and predicts histopathological diagnosis. More recently, molecular imaging has made possible to detect brain deposition of histopathology-confirmed neuritic β-amyloid plaques (Aβ) using PET. Although Aβ plaques are one of the defining pathological features of AD, elevated levels of Aβ can be detected with this technique also in older individuals without dementia. This raises doubts on the utility of Aβ PET to identify persons at high risk of developing AD. In the present case-series, we sought to combine metabolic information (from FDG-PET) and amyloid plaque load (from Aβ PET) in order to correctly distinguish AD from other forms of dementia. By selecting patients with Aβ PET + / FDG-PET + and Aβ PET – / FDG-PET +, we propose an integrated algorithm of clinical and molecular imaging information to better define type of dementia in older persons.

Feline glioma: a retrospective study and review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1307-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R Rissi ◽  
Andrew D Miller
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Gliomatosis Cerebri ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Central Nervous System Neoplasms

Case series summary This study aimed to evaluate the pathologic and diagnostic features of 13 cases of feline glioma diagnosed at two veterinary diagnostic institutions over 16 years. A retrospective search was conducted using the laboratory information system. Selected cases were reviewed, tumors were classified according to the 2007 World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System, and tissue sections were submitted to an immunohistochemistry panel for further characterization. Affected cats were adults (average age 8 years), and male neutered (9/13) domestic shorthair cats (12/13) were over-represented. Clinical signs had acute onset and were progressive, lasting from 1–60 days (average course 20.7 days). Euthanasia was elected in all but one case, owing to a poor prognosis or because of a suspicion of rabies. Tumors occurred in the telencephalon (8/13), spinal cord (3/13) and brainstem (2/13). Gross changes in seven cases consisted of well- or poorly demarcated, gray-to-brown, soft, gelatinous masses that often caused secondary changes to the brain. The final diagnosis and classification were made based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Diagnoses consisted of oligodendroglioma (six cases), anaplastic astrocytoma (two cases), oligoastrocytoma, anaplastic ependymoma, gliomatosis cerebri, glioblastoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (one case each). Relevance and novel information This article confirms the need for a full neurologic and neuropathologic examination in cats with clinical neurologic disease. In addition, it highlights and proposes a complete routine immunohistochemical panel for diagnostic confirmation and differentiation between glioma and other morphologically similar central nervous system neoplasms in cats.

scholarly journals Use of Remdesivir in The Treatment of COVID-19 Infection Among Sudanese Patients - Case Series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysoun Ahmed Awad Yousif ◽  
Ghada Omer Hamad Abd El-Raheem ◽  
Doaa Salih Ibrahim Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Profound Hypotension ◽  
Series Study

Abstract Introduction: COVID-19 infection is a viral pandemic started in 2019, all societies have the susceptibility of getting infected. Remdesivir is an anti-retroviral agent, with a broad spectrum of activity. Remdesivir activity against COVID-19 had been studied in both in vitro and in vivo, but still considered new for COVID-19 treatment and not available in all countries. The aim of our study was to report the use of remdesivir among Sudanese population and report the adverse events related to the course of treatment. Methods: case series study was conducted in Imperial Hospital reporting the three cases who received Remdesivir for treating COVID-19 infection.Cases presentation: Three cases had received remdesivir for treating COVID-19 infection, side effects reported were elevated liver enzymes, profound hypotension and hypoalbuminemia. Discussion: All three patients were severe cases of COVID-19 admitted to the ICU. Unexpectedly, severe resistant hypotension was the cause of death in 2 cases who received remdesivir. Increased liver enzymes was noticed in one case. In the other hand, hypoalbuminemia was noticed in one case as well.

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