Dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids in relation to depression, anxiety and psychological distress

Abstract Background There is no previous study that examined the association between branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) intake and odds of psychological disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary BCAAs and odds of psychological disorders including depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in a large sample of Iranian adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study on 3175 Iranian adults aged 18–55 years, a validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes. BCAAs intake was computed by summing up the amount of valine, leucine, and isoleucine intake from all food items in the questionnaire. Psychological health was examined through the use of Iranian validated version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Psychological distress was assessed using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). For depression and anxiety, scores of 8 or more on either subscale were considered as psychological disorders and scores of 0–7 were defined as “normal”. In terms of psychological distress, the score of 4 or more was defined as psychological distress. Results Mean age of study participants was 36.2 ± 7.8 years. Overall, 26.4% (n = 837) of study subjects had depression, 11.9% (n = 378) had anxiety and 20.9% (n = 665) were affected by psychological distress. After controlling for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile of total BCAAs intake had lower odds of depression (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60–0.96) and anxiety (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.47–0.91) compared with those in the lowest tertile. Participants in the top tertile of valine intake had a lower odds of depression (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60–0.96) and anxiety (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.47–0.90) compared with those in the bottom tertile. A significant inverse association was also seen between leucine intake and depression (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61–0.98) and anxiety (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.47–0.91). In addition, a significant inverse association was observed between isoleucine intake and odds of depression (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.59–0.95) and anxiety (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.45–0.86). There was no significant association between isoleucine intake and odds of psychological distress. Conclusion Evidence indicating an inverse association between dietary intake of BCAAs and odds of depression and anxiety was found. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

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The association between dietary intake of magnesium and psychiatric disorders among Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114518001782 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 120 (6) ◽

pp. 693-702 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Javad Anjom-Shoae ◽

Omid Sadeghi ◽

Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽

Hamid Afshar ◽

Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Odds

AbstractFindings from clinical trials on the effect of Mg supplementation on depression and anxiety are not generalisable to the community owing to high-dose intervention in short-term periods. Limited observational data are available linking dietary intake of Mg and psychiatric disorders. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary intake of Mg and psychiatric disorders in a large cross-sectional study on Iranian adults. A total of 3172 Iranian adults (with an age range of 18–55 years) were included in this study. Data on dietary intakes were collected using a validated dish-based 106-item semi-quantitative FFQ. To assess depression and anxiety, an Iranian validated version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used. Furthermore, psychological distress was examined using the General Health Questionnaire. The mean age of men and women was 38·4 (sd 8·2) and 35·1 (sd 7·4) years, respectively. In unadjusted analyses, we found that higher dietary Mg intake was associated with lower odds of anxiety among women (OR 0·61; 95 % CI 0·41, 0·90), such that after taking potential confounders into account women in the highest quintile of Mg intake had a 39 % lower odds of anxiety compared with those in the lowest quintile (OR 0·61; 95 % CI 0·40, 0·93). Moreover, deficient Mg intake was positively associated with anxiety among all women (OR 1·80; 95 % CI 1·19, 2·72) and also normal-weight women (OR 1·73; 95 % CI 1·01, 2·95). In addition, a significant inverse association was found between dietary Mg intake and depression among normal-weight men (OR 0·45; 95 % CI 0·20, 0·99) and overweight women (OR 0·45; 95 % CI 0·24, 0·85). In conclusion, dietary intake of Mg was inversely associated with depression and anxiety. However, such findings were not seen for psychological distress.

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Association of dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids with long-term risks of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980021004948 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-60

Author(s):

Binbin Xu ◽

Meng Wang ◽

Liyuan Pu ◽

Chang Shu ◽

Lian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

The United States ◽

Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Branched Chain

Abstract Objectives: Studies on associations between dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and long-term risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality have yielded inconclusive results. This study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary BCAA intake and long-term risks of CVD, cancer, and all-cause mortality in nationwide survey participants aged ≥18. Design: This was a prospective cohort study of a nationally representative sample of 14,397 adults aged ≥18 who participated in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III). Dietary intakes of BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) were determined from the total nutrient intake document. The main outcomes were CVD, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Results: During 289,406 person-years of follow-up, we identified 4,219 deaths, including 1,133 from CVD and 926 from cancer. After multivariate adjustment, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of all-cause mortality in the highest dietary BCAA and isoleucine intake quintile (reference: lowest quintiles) were 0.68 (0.48–0.97) and 0.68 (0.48–0.97), respectively. Each one-standard-deviation increase in total dietary BCAA or isoleucine intake was associated with an 18% or 21% decrease in the risk of all-cause mortality, respectively. The serum triglyceride (TG) concentration was found to modify the association between the dietary BCAA intake and all-cause mortality (P for interaction = 0.008). Conclusions: In a nationally representative cohort, higher dietary intakes of BCAAs and isoleucine were independently associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, and these associations were stronger in participants with higher serum TG concentrations.

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AACE2021-A-1048: Effect of Dietary Intake of Branched Chain Amino Acids on Type 2 Diabetic Patients Control

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.1016/j.eprac.2021.11.064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (12) ◽

pp. S39-S40

Author(s):

Nehal Hammdy ◽

Randa Salam ◽

El Sayed Mahmoud Hammad ◽

Samah Ahmed Abd El Shafy

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Branched Chain ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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High dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids is associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance in adults

Journal of Diabetes ◽

10.1111/1753-0407.12639 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 357-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Golaleh Asghari ◽

Hossein Farhadnejad ◽

Farshad Teymoori ◽

Parvin Mirmiran ◽

Maryam Tohidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽

Increased Risk ◽

High Dietary Intake ◽

Branched Chain

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Dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids and colorectal cancer risk

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114520003724 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Marta Rossi ◽

Federica Mascaretti ◽

Maria Parpinel ◽

Diego Serraino ◽

Anna Crispo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Colon Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Sigmoid Colon ◽

Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Sigmoid Colon Cancer ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Branched Chain

Abstract An adequate intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) is required for protein synthesis and metabolic functions, including insulin metabolism. Emerging studies found positive associations between BCAA and the risk of various diseases sharing aetiological aspects with colorectal cancer (CRC), including type 2 diabetes, obesity and pancreatic cancer. We investigated the relation between dietary BCAA and CRC using data from a multicentric Italian case–control study, including 1953 cases of CRC (of these, 442 of sigmoid colon) and 4154 hospital controls with acute, non-neoplastic diseases. A validated FFQ was used to estimate the participants’ usual diet and to assess dietary intakes of various nutrients, including energy, BCAA and Ca. OR and corresponding CI were computed by multiple logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex and other confounding factors, including total energy intake. BCAA intake was inversely related to CRC risk (OR for the highest v. the lowest quintile 0·73; 95 % CI 0·55, 0·97), but the association was attenuated after adjustment for Ca intake (OR 0·90; 95 % CI 0·65, 1·25). An inverse association with sigmoid colon cancer risk also remained after adjustment for other dietary factors, including Ca intake (OR 0·49; 95 % CI 0·27, 0·87). This study provides supporting evidence that higher levels of dietary BCAA intake are not associated with an increase of CRC risk, but confirms that they may be related to a reduced risk of sigmoid colon cancer.

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