The network of non-coding RNAs and their molecular targets in breast cancer

Regardless of advances in detection and treatment, breast cancer affects about 1.5 million women all over the world. Since the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been extensively conducted for breast cancer to define the role of miRNA as a tool for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that are associated with the regulation of key cellular processes such as cell multiplication, differentiation, and death. They cause a disturbance in the cell physiology by interfering directly with the translation and stability of a targeted gene transcript. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a large family of non-coding RNAs, which regulate target gene expression and protein levels that affect several human diseases and are suggested as the novel markers or therapeutic targets, including breast cancer. MicroRNA (miRNA) alterations are not only associated with metastasis, tumor genesis but also used as biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis or prognosis. These are explained in detail in the following review. This review will also provide an impetus to study the role of microRNAs in breast cancer.

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Understanding Molecular Process and Chemotherapeutics for the Management of Breast Cancer.

Current Chemical Biology ◽

10.2174/2212796814999200728185759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Kumar ◽

Neeraj Masand ◽

Vaishali M. Patil

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Molecular Targets ◽

Molecular Classification ◽

Neoplastic Disease ◽

Molecular Process ◽

The Past ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Molecular Etiology ◽

Near Future

Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common and highly heterogeneous neoplastic disease comprised of several subtypes with distinct molecular etiology and clinical behaviours. The mortality observed over the past few decades and the failure in eradicating the disease is due to the lack of specific etiology, molecular mechanisms involved in initiation and progression of breast cancer. Understanding of the molecular classes of breast cancer may also lead to new biological insights and eventually to better therapies. The promising therapeutic targets and novel anti-cancer approaches emerging from these molecular targets that could be applied clinically in the near future are being highlighted. In addition, this review discusses some of the details of current molecular classification and available chemotherapeutics

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Circular RNAs: Potential Applications as Therapeutic Targets and Biomarkers in Breast Cancer

Non-Coding RNA ◽

10.3390/ncrna7010002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 2

Author(s):

Debina Sarkar ◽

Sarah D. Diermeier

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Translational Regulation ◽

Closed Loop ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Circular Rnas ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Mirna Sponge ◽

Bodily Fluids ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Non Coding Rnas

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that form a covalently closed loop. A number of functions and mechanisms of action for circRNAs have been reported, including as miRNA sponge, exerting transcriptional and translational regulation, interacting with proteins, and coding for peptides. CircRNA dysregulation has also been implicated in many cancers, such as breast cancer. Their relatively high stability and presence in bodily fluids makes cancer-associated circRNAs promising candidates as a new biomarker. In this review, we summarize the research undertaken on circRNAs associated with breast cancer, discuss circRNAs as biomarkers, and present circRNA-based therapeutic approaches.

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Identification and Roles of miR-29b-1-3p and miR29a-3p-Regulated and Non-Regulated lncRNAs in Endocrine-Sensitive and Resistant Breast Cancer Cells

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13143530 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 3530

Author(s):

Penn Muluhngwi ◽

Carolyn M. Klinge

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Endocrine Resistance ◽

Estrogen Receptor Α ◽

Resistant Cell ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Mcf 7

Despite improvements in the treatment of endocrine-resistant metastatic disease using combination therapies in patients with estrogen receptor α (ERα) primary tumors, the mechanisms underlying endocrine resistance remain to be elucidated. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNA) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), are targets and regulators of cell signaling pathways and their exosomal transport may contribute to metastasis. Previous studies have shown that a low expression of miR-29a-3p and miR-29b-3p is associated with lower overall breast cancer survival before 150 mos. Transient, modest overexpression of miR-29b1-3p or miR-29a-3p inhibited MCF-7 tamoxifen-sensitive and LCC9 tamoxifen-resistant cell proliferation. Here, we identify miR-29b-1/a-regulated and non-regulated differentially expressed lncRNAs in MCF-7 and LCC9 cells using next-generation RNA seq. More lncRNAs were miR-29b-1/a-regulated in LCC9 cells than in MCF-7 cells, including DANCR, GAS5, DSCAM-AS1, SNHG5, and CRND. We examined the roles of miR-29-regulated and differentially expressed lncRNAs in endocrine-resistant breast cancer, including putative and proven targets and expression patterns in survival analysis using the KM Plotter and TCGA databases. This study provides new insights into lncRNAs in endocrine-resistant breast cancer.

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A systematic review of long non-coding RNAs with a potential role in Breast Cancer

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research ◽

10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108375 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108375

Author(s):

Reza Heidari ◽

Mostafa Akbariqomi ◽

Yazdan Asgari ◽

Diako Ebrahimi ◽

Hamid Alinejad-Rokny

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Potential Role ◽

Non Coding Rnas

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Serum Long Non-Coding RNAs PVT1, HOTAIR, and NEAT1 as Potential Biomarkers in Egyptian Women with Breast Cancer

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11020301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 301

Author(s):

Amal Ahmed Abd El-Fattah ◽

Nermin Abdel Hamid Sadik ◽

Olfat Gamil Shaker ◽

Amal Mohamed Kamal ◽

Nancy Nabil Shahin

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Pai 1

Long non-coding RNAs play an important role in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in several types of cancer. However, the clinical significance of using lncRNAs as biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis is still poorly investigated. In this study, we analyzed the serum expression levels of lncRNAs PVT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, and MALAT1, and their associated proteins, PAI-1, and OPN, in breast cancer patients compared to fibroadenoma patients and healthy subjects. Using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), we compared the serum expression levels of the four circulating lncRNAs in patients with breast cancer (n = 50), fibroadenoma (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 25). The serum levels of PAI-1 and OPN were measured using ELISA. Receiveroperating-characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of the selected parameters. The serum levels of HOTAIR, PAI-1, and OPN were significantly higher in breast cancer patients compared to controls and fibroadenoma patients. The serum level of PVT1 was significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in the controls, while that of NEAT1 was significantly lower in breast cancer patients compared to controls and fibroadenoma patients. Both ROC and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that PAI-1 has the greatest power in discriminating breast cancer from the control, whereas HOTAIR, PAI-1, and OPN have the greatest power in discriminating breast cancer from fibroadenoma patients. In conclusion, our data suggest that the serum levels of PVT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, PAI-1, and OPN could serve as promising diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer.

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Regulation of bone metastasis and metastasis suppressors by non-coding RNAs in breast cancer

Biochimie ◽

10.1016/j.biochi.2021.05.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

G. Sanjeev ◽

S. Pranavkrishna ◽

R.L. Akshaya ◽

M. Rohini ◽

N. Selvamurugan

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Bone Metastasis ◽

Non Coding Rnas

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