scholarly journals Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and bone stiffness index across weight status in European children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Cheng ◽  
◽  
Hermann Pohlabeln ◽  
Wolfgang Ahrens ◽  
Fabio Lauria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bone Stiffness ◽  
Longitudinal Associations

scholarly journals Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents at Altitudes over 3500 Meters: A Cross-Sectional Study in Tibet

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-jian Nie ◽  
Chao-qun Fan ◽  
Rui-zhe Sun ◽  
Jing-jing Wang ◽  
Qiang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation

There is a scarcity of studies on the physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents who live at high altitudes. This study aimed to objectively assess PA of children and adolescents living in the Tibet at altitudes over 3500 m and to examine its difference by ethnicity, gender, age/grade, and body weight status groups. A sample of 397 students aged 9–18 years were recruited from 7 schools in Lhasa, Tibet. PA was measured using accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X) for seven consecutive days and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was identified using the Evenson (2008) cut-points. Participant MVPA was 62.3 min/day, with 65.5 min/day during weekdays and 54.1 min/day on weekends. Indigenous Tibetans were more active than Hans, and boys had more MVPA than girls. Age had a significantly weak negative correlation with MVPA. There was no significant difference in MVPA between the non-overweight and overweight/obese groups. Overall, only 9.1% (13.8% in boys and 4.5% in girls) accumulated at least 60 min of MVPA per day. Compared to their counterparts in other regions, the daily MVPA of children and adolescents living on the Tibetan Plateau at altitudes over 3500 m was relatively high. However, the proportion of meeting the WHO’s PA recommendations was extremely low.

scholarly journals Relationship between early childhood non-parental childcare and diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep: A systematic review of longitudinal studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Costa ◽  
Sara E. Benjamin Neelon ◽  
Eleanor Winpenny ◽  
Veronica Phillips ◽  
Jean Adams
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Activity Behaviour

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe rising prevalence of childhood obesity is a global public health concern. Evidence suggests that exposure to non-parental childcare before age six years is associated with increased risk of obesity, diet, and activity behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep). However, findings are inconsistent and mostly from cross-sectional studies, making it difficult to identify the direction of causation in associations. This review identified and synthesised the published research on longitudinal associations between non-parental childcare during early childhood, diet, and activity behaviours.MethodsSeven databases were searched using a predefined search strategy. Results were independently double-screened through title/abstract and full-text stages according to predefined criteria. Included studies were tabulated, and evaluated for risk of bias using the Nutrition Evidence Library Bias Assessment Tool.ResultsOf 18793 references screened, 13 studies met eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Eight studies reported on diet and seven studies reported on activity behaviour outcomes (three on physical activity, three on sedentary behaviour, and one on sleep). These studies included results on 89 tested childcare:outcome associations. Of 63 associations testing diet outcomes, 37 (59%) were null, and the remainder showed inconsistent patterns. There was an indication of a potential benefit of Head Start providers (vs other care, including parental) on dietary behaviours. Of 26 associations testing activity behaviour outcomes, 22 (85%) were null, and the remainder were inconsistent. Most studies (92%) did not use (or did not report using) valid and reliable outcome measures, and outcome assessors were not blinded (or it was unclear if they were blinded) to children’s exposure status (77%).ConclusionsThe scarce available literature indicates little and mixed evidence of a longitudinal association between exposure to non-parental childcare before age six years and diet or activity behaviours. This reflects a paucity of research, rather than clear evidence of no effect. There is an urgent need for studies investigating the longitudinal associations of non-parental childcare on diet and activity behaviours to assess potential lasting effects and mechanisms. Studies should assess whether and how associations vary by provider and child sub-groups, as well as differences by intensity and duration of care.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Early Childhood Non-Parental Childcare and Diet, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Costa ◽  
Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon ◽  
Eleanor Winpenny ◽  
Veronica Phillips ◽  
Jean Adams
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Diet ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Longitudinal Associations

The rising prevalence of childhood obesity is a global public health concern. Evidence suggests that exposure to non-parental childcare before age six years is associated with development of obesity, diet, and activity behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep). However, findings are inconsistent and mostly from cross-sectional studies, making it difficult to identify the direction of causation in associations. This review identified and synthesised the published research on longitudinal associations between non-parental childcare during early childhood, diet, and activity behaviours. Seven databases were searched, and results were independently double-screened through title/abstract and full-text stages. Included studies were evaluated for risk of bias. Of the 18,793 references screened, 13 met eligibility criteria and were included in the review. These presented results on 89 tested childcare/outcome associations, 63 testing diet outcomes (59% null, remainder mixed), and 26 testing activity behaviour outcomes (85% null, remainder mixed). The scarce available literature indicates little and mixed evidence of a longitudinal association. This reflects a paucity of research, rather than clear evidence of no effect. There is an urgent need for studies investigating the longitudinal associations of non-parental childcare on diet and activity behaviours to assess potential lasting effects and mechanisms; whether and how effects vary by provider; and differences by intensity, duration, and population sub-groups.

scholarly journals Determinants of the prevalence and incidence of overweight in children and adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1870-1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Plachta-Danielzik ◽  
Beate Landsberg ◽  
Maike Johannsen ◽  
Dominique Lange ◽  
Manfred James Müller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Overweight Prevalence

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically analyse determinants of overweight prevalence and incidence in children and adolescents, as a basis of treatment and prevention.DesignCross-sectional and longitudinal data of the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study (KOPS).SettingSchools in Kiel, Germany.SubjectsCross-sectional data from 6249 students aged 5–16 years and 4-year longitudinal data from 1087 children aged 5–11 years. Weight status of students was assessed and familial factors (weight status of parents and siblings, smoking habits), social factors (socio-economic status, nationality, single parenting), birth weight as well as lifestyle variables (physical activity, media time, nutrition) were considered as independent variables in multivariate logistic regression analyses to predict the likelihood of the student being overweight.ResultsThe cross-sectional data revealed the prevalence of overweight as 18·3 % in boys and 19·2 % in girls. In both sexes determinants of overweight prevalence were overweight and obese parents, overweight siblings, parental smoking, single parenthood and non-German nationality. High birth weight and low physical activity additionally increased the risk in boys. High media time and low parental education were significant determinants in girls. Effect of media time was mediated by maternal weight status in boys as well as by socio-economic status and age in girls. From the longitudinal data, the 4-year cumulative incidence of overweight was 10·0 % in boys and 8·2 % in girls. Parental obesity, parental smoking and low physical activity were determinants of overweight incidence in boys, whereas paternal obesity increased the risk in girls.ConclusionsTreatment and prevention should address family and social determinants with a focus on physical activity and media use.

scholarly journals International Physical Activity and Built Environment Study of adolescents: IPEN Adolescent design, protocol and measures

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e046636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli L Cain ◽  
Jo Salmon ◽  
Terry L Conway ◽  
Ester Cerin ◽  
Erica Hinckson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Hong Kong Sar ◽  
Environment Study

IntroductionOnly international studies can provide the full variability of built environments and accurately estimate effect sizes of relations between contrasting environments and health-related outcomes. The aims of the International Physical Activity and Environment Study of Adolescents (IPEN Adolescent) are to estimate the strength, shape and generalisability of associations of the community environment (geographic information systems (GIS)-based and self-reported) with physical activity and sedentary behaviour (accelerometer-measured and self-reported) and weight status (normal/overweight/obese).Methods and analysisThe IPEN Adolescent observational, cross-sectional, multicountry study involves recruiting adolescent participants (ages 11–19 years) and one parent/guardian from neighbourhoods selected to ensure wide variations in walkability and socioeconomic status using common protocols and measures. Fifteen geographically, economically and culturally diverse countries, from six continents, participated: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Czech Republic, Denmark, Hong Kong SAR, India, Israel, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Portugal, Spain and USA. Countries provided survey and accelerometer data (15 countries), GIS data (11), global positioning system data (10), and pedestrian environment audit data (8). A sample of n=6950 (52.6% female; mean age=14.5, SD=1.7) adolescents provided survey data, n=4852 had 4 or more 8+ hours valid days of accelerometer data, and n=5473 had GIS measures. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were measured by waist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers and self-reports, and body mass index was used to categorise weight status.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was received from each study site’s Institutional Review Board for their in-country studies. Informed assent by adolescents and consent by parents was obtained for all participants. No personally identifiable information was transferred to the IPEN coordinating centre for pooled datasets. Results will be communicated through standard scientific channels and findings used to advance the science of environmental correlates of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and weight status, with the ultimate goal to stimulate and guide actions to create more activity-supportive environments internationally.

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