scholarly journals Stable, three degree-of-freedom myoelectric prosthetic control via chronic bipolar intramuscular electrodes: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Adriaan Dewald ◽  
Platon Lukyanenko ◽  
Joris M. Lambrecht ◽  
James Robert Anderson ◽  
Dustin J. Tyler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Session ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Skin Impedance ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Surface Electrode ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Prosthetic Control ◽  
Intramuscular Electrodes ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Modern prosthetic hands are typically controlled using skin surface electromyographic signals (EMG) from remaining muscles in the residual limb. However, surface electrode performance is limited by changes in skin impedance over time, day-to-day variations in electrode placement, and relative motion between the electrodes and underlying muscles during movement: these limitations require frequent retraining of controllers. In the presented study, we used chronically implanted intramuscular electrodes to minimize these effects and thus create a more robust prosthetic controller. Methods A study participant with a transradial amputation was chronically implanted with 8 intramuscular EMG electrodes. A K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) regression velocity controller was trained to predict intended joint movement direction using EMG data collected during a single training session. The resulting KNN was evaluated over 12 weeks and in multiple arm posture configurations, with the participant controlling a 3 Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) virtual reality (VR) hand to match target VR hand postures. The performance of this EMG-based controller was compared to a position-based controller that used movement measured from the participant’s opposite (intact) hand. Surface EMG was also collected for signal quality comparisons. Results Signals from the implanted intramuscular electrodes exhibited less crosstalk between the various channels and had a higher Signal-to-Noise Ratio than surface electrode signals. The performance of the intramuscular EMG-based KNN controller in the VR control task showed no degradation over time, and was stable over the 6 different arm postures. Both the EMG-based KNN controller and the intact hand-based controller had 100% hand posture matching success rates, but the intact hand-based controller was slightly superior in regards to speed (trial time used) and directness of the VR hand control (path efficiency). Conclusions Chronically implanted intramuscular electrodes provide negligible crosstalk, high SNR, and substantial VR control performance, including the ability to use a fixed controller over 12 weeks and under different arm positions. This approach can thus be a highly effective platform for advanced, multi-DOF prosthetic control.

scholarly journals A NOTE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH WITH SUBSISTENCE CONSUMPTION

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Strulik
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Transitional Dynamics ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Savings Rates

It is well known that the performance of simple models of economic growth improves substantially through the introduction of subsistence consumption. How to compute subsistence needs, however, is a difficult and controversial issue. Here, I reconsider the linear (Ak) growth model with subsistence consumption and show that the evolution of savings rates and economic growth rates over time is independent of the size of subsistence needs. The model is thus more general and less subject to arbitrariness than might have been thought initially. Quantitatively, it is shown that, although there is no degree of freedom to manipulate transitional dynamics, the model approximates the historical evolution of savings rates and growth rates reasonably well.

Coupling dynamic modeling and simulation of three-degree-of-freedom micromanipulator based on piezoelectric ceramic of fuzzy PID

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (24) ◽  
pp. 1750140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjie Li ◽  
Yu Fu ◽  
Liu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Piezoelectric Ceramic ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Fuzzy Pid ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Coupling Dynamics ◽  
Coupling Dynamic ◽  
Three Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Actual Trajectory

For further research on the microparticles trajectory in the process of micromanipulation, the paper modeled on the coupling dynamic of three-degree-of-freedom micromanipulator which is based on piezoelectric ceramic. In the micromanipulation, the transformation of certain movement direction can generate a corresponding change in the coupling in three-degree-of-freedom micromanipulator movement, the fuzzy PID method was adopted by the control system of this study, and the modeling analysis was performed on the control system. After completing the above modeling, the simulation model is built by the MATLAB Simulink software. The simulation output results are basically in accordance with the actual trajectory, which achieve the successful research purposes of coupling dynamics model for three-degree-of-freedom micromanipulator and application of fuzzy PID method.

Percutaneous Freehand™ System Intramuscular Electrode Placement

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. HAUSMAN ◽  
J. E. MASTERS
Keyword(s):  
Operative Time ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Patient Morbidity ◽  
Intramuscular Electrodes ◽  
Placement Technique

The FreeHand™ (NeuroControl Corporation, USA) system is an implantable electronic neuroprosthesis designed to stimulate muscles of tetraplegic upper limbs to achieve lateral pinch and simple grasp. When first introduced, the system required insertion through multiple large incisions, but recently introduced intramuscular electrodes have allowed the development of a percutaneous electrode placement technique. The technique minimizes incisions, decreases overall operative time and patient morbidity and improves the outcome by minimizing tendon adhesions.

A multifactorial intervention for hospital opioid management

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akce, MD ◽  
Anupam Suneja, MD ◽  
Cheryl Genord, RPh ◽  
Bonita Singal, MD, PhD ◽  
John A. Hopper, MD
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Support System ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Analgesic Dose ◽  
Over Time

Objective: To determine whether an educational intervention combined with a voluntary decision support system improves inpatient pain control.Design: Retrospective serial cross-sectional study.Setting: Community teaching hospital.Patients: Patients admitted to internal medicine teaching service from October to December 2011 and 2012. The study cohorts consisted of a random sample of 75 patients each from both time periods.Interventions: Beginning in August 2012, internal medicine residents participated in an interactive training session on the use of opioids for hospitalized patients and concurrently, a user initiated voluntary computerized decision support system (CDSS), in the form of computer order entry (COE) and pocket cards were introduced. The COE options correspond to the standardized opioid dosing regimen on the pocket card. Pain scores and opioid doses and demographic information were obtained from administrative databases. Additional covariates were abstracted via programmed electronic medical record (EMR) review.Main outcome measures: Pre- and postintervention, maximum reported pain score in every 8-hour period from first analgesic dose, to 72 hours after the first analgesic dose, were compared by fitting a multivariable linear mixed model. Naloxone use was a surrogate measure for secondary outcome of opioid overdose.Results: The intervention had no effect on maximum pain score (MPS) over time, p = 0.0930. The estimated mean MPS (95% confidence interval) was 4.7 (3.9, 5.5) preintervention and 5.2 (4.4, 6.0) postintervention.Conclusions: A combination of a resident educational intervention, CDSS, and pocket cards did not improve MPSs over time for patients on an internal medicine teaching service.

Electrode Challenges in Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography (aEEG): Research Application of a Novel Noninvasive Measure of Brain Function in Preterm Infants

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyuann Wang Foreman ◽  
Lauren Thorngate ◽  
Robert L. Burr ◽  
Karen A. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Skin Impedance ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Skin Preparation

Continuous real-time brain function monitoring of preterm infants offers a novel way to evaluate neurological development in neonatal intensive care. Direct measurement of brain function is difficult and complicated by vulnerabilities of the preterm infant population. This study illustrates the feasibility of using noninvasive hydrogel electrodes with amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) as a simplified brain monitor in preterm infants. This article presents a systematic exploration of factors influencing the accuracy of aEEG measurement, especially skin preparation procedures and skin condition after electrode placement. The authors conducted aEEG recordings on 16 medically stable preterm infants at 31—36 weeks postmenstrual age in the neonatal intensive care unit between feedings and caregiving for approximately 3 hr. The authors systematically performed several strategies to improve electrode placement procedures and reduce skin impedance, including (a) examination of possible influences of environmental electrical equipment, (b) comparison of different hydrogel electrode types, (c) modification of skin preparation procedures, and (d) assessment of impacts of different skin conditions. The authors achieved improvements in the impedance value, length of uninterrupted recording, and percentage of the recording duration with measured impedance <20 kΩ (recommended acceptable limit). There was no report of skin irritation during or after the recording. The aEEG measurement at the bedside using hydrogel electrodes is noninvasive and feasible for reliable brain monitoring in preterm infants. This study demonstrated the importance of establishing systematic methods to ensure the accuracy and feasibility of physiologic measurements for nurse researchers.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING ON CARNATION

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1178h-1178
Author(s):  
A.J. Pertuit ◽  
P.J. Vergano
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Postharvest Life ◽  
Over Time

Cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) `White Sim' flowers from Columbia (South America), nontreated or dipped for three seconds in water or 9.5 g/1 benlate (DuPont) or 3336 (Cleary), were placed in “orchid tubes” and remained in air or were packaged in barrier bags of air or 10% CO2/10%O2 (80%N2). Postharvest life (days) was recorded, and the CO2, O2, and CH2=CH2 concentrations within the bags were monitored with gas chromatographs. Controls, nonsealed and in air, did not differ in postharvest life, indicating no benefit from a fungicide dip (P= 0.05). Botrytis was not observed in this test. Flowers sealed in bags did not differ in postharvest life (P= 0.05); however, when a single degree of freedom comparison was made (PR>F: 0.0001), their postharvest life was longer than controls (5.8 vs. 3.1 days). In bags, CO2 increased and O2 decreased over time, CO2 remaining higher and O2 lower with the 10%CO2/10% O2 treatment. CH2=CH2 increased to 4 ppm over 10 days, but ppm within bag treatments did not vary on any day (P= 0.05).

scholarly journals Synchronization of Mechanical Oscillators: An Experimental Study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roozbeh Daneshvar ◽  
Tama´s Kalma´r-Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
External Input ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Moving Base ◽  
Mechanical Basis ◽  
Mechanical Oscillators ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Coupling Medium ◽  
Over Time

In this paper we investigate synchronization of oscillators. We use mechanical metronomes that are coupled through a mechanical medium. In passive coupling of two oscillators, the coupling medium is a one degree of freedom passive mechanical basis. The analysis of the system is shown and supported by simulations of the proposed model and experimental results. We show how the oscillators synchronize and discuss the affecting parameters in synchronization. In another case, the oscillators are forced by an external input while that input is also affected by the oscillators. This feedback loop introduces dynamics to the whole system. For this case, we place the mechanical metronomes on a one degree of freedom moving base. The movements of the base are a function of a feedback from the phases of the metronomes. We study the space of possibilities for the movements of the base and consider impacts of the base movement on the synchronization of metronomes. We also show how such a system evolves in time when we introduce an adjusting parameter that changes over time and updates based on feedbacks from the system.

scholarly journals Oregon State University Softball: Dynamic Visual Acuity Training for Improving Performance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Madsen ◽  
Kyle Blair
Keyword(s):  
Training Session ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
State University ◽  
Visual Responses ◽  
Dynamic Visual Acuity ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Visual Skills ◽  
Sports Vision ◽  
Oregon State University ◽  
Over Time

Sports vision training involves eye focusing and movement workouts that center on the visual tracking of objects. The purpose of sports vision training is to improve performance in various sports by improving visual responses and processing, such as by lowering reaction times. In 2015, the Athletic Eye Institute started a sports vision-training program study with the Oregon State University Softball Team in the hopes of increasing the dynamic visual skills of their players. There were two aims of this study. The first aim was to test the hypothesis that softball athletes would show improvement over time in the specific sports vision training tests. The second aim was to test the hypothesis that sports vision training would lead to improvements of offensive batting statistics from the 2015 season, when players did not have vision training, to the 2016 season, after players had begun vision training. Results showed significant improvements in the scores from the initial to final training session for eight out of ten visual training tests. However, OSU softball player offensive batting statistics showed no significant improvement from the 2015 season to the 2016 season, or compared to other teams. This study showed that performances of sports vision tests can be improved over time with training, but that these improvements may not translate into improvements in softball offensive batting statistics.

Spatial metaphors in antonym pairs across sign languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 112-141
Author(s):  
Carl Börstell ◽  
Ryan Lepic
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Physical Sign ◽  
Sign Languages ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Manual Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Systematic Pattern ◽  
Positive Valence ◽  
Over Time

Abstract We analyze sign locations in 776 signs from 16 antonym pairs across 27 sign languages to examine metaphorical mappings of emotional valence (positive vs. negative) along different spatial axes. We conduct both an automatic and a manual analysis of sign location and movement direction, to investigate cross-linguistic patterns of spatial valence contrasts. Contrary to our hypothesis, negative valence concepts are generally articulated higher up than their positive counterparts. However, when we consider movement in space, we find that although signs generally move downward over time, positive valence concepts are associated with upward movements more often than their negative counterparts. This points to a systematic pattern for vertical valence contrasts – a known metaphor across languages – iconically mapped onto physical sign articulation. We similarly, but surprisingly, find a difference in movements along the sagittal axis, such that outward movement is associated with positive valence concepts more often than negative.

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