Ecology, feeding and natural infection by Leishmania spp. of phlebotomine sand flies in an area of high incidence of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil

The American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) is caused by parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania (Trypanosomatidae) and is transmitted to humans through the bite of certain species of infected phlebotomine sand flies. In this study, we investigated the natural infection ratio of Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector species of AVL in Brazil, in Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso State. Between July 2004 and June 2006, phlebotomine sand flies were captured in peridomestic areas using CDC light-traps. Four hundred and twenty (420) specimens of Lu. longipalpis were captured. 42 pools, containing 10 specimens of Lu. longipalpis each, were used for genomic DNA extraction and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification. Leishmania spp. DNA was detected in three out of the 42 pools tested, resulting in a minimal infection ratio of 0.71%. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis indicated that Leishmania (L.) chagasi was the infective agent in the positive pools.

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PARASITOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR SEARCH FOR LEISHMANIA NATURAL INFECTION IN PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLIES IN PERI-URBAN SITES OF AN ARGENTINEAN AREA ENDEMIC FOR TEGUMENTARY LEISHMANIASIS

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106064 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106064

Author(s):

María Cristina Almazán ◽

Griselda Noemí Copa ◽

José Fernando Gil ◽

Inés López Quiroga ◽

Melisa Evangelina Díaz Fernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Infection ◽

Sand Flies ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽

Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

Urban Sites

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Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in an American tegumentary leishmaniasis transmission area in northern Espírito Santo State, Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2008001200029 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 2969-2978 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Thieres Marassati das Virgens ◽

Claudiney Biral dos Santos ◽

Israel de Souza Pinto ◽

Kleber Silveira da Silva ◽

Fernanda Cristina Leal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abundant Species ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Seasonal Fluctuations ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽

Espírito Santo ◽

Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

Transmission Area ◽

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

Espirito Santo

American tegumentary leishmaniasis is endemic to the Espírito Santo State, Brazil, where it is widely distributed. The composition of the phlebotomine sand fly fauna in an American tegumentary leishmaniasis focus was determined by monthly sampling, using Shannon light traps in an Atlantic Forest reserve and adjacent habitat that had been modified by human activity. Seasonal fluctuations in numbers of the most abundant species were also monitored from June 2004 to May 2006. Of the 6,176 specimens collected, 47.4% were captured in the forest and 52.6% in the disturbed habitat. Although Lutzomyia davisi (60.8%) predominated in specimens from the forest, those captured near human dwellings consisted almost entirely of Lu. choti (72%) and Lu. intermedia (24.3%). All three species occurred throughout the year. Based on our findings, Lu. intermedia probably acts as the principal domestic Leishmania vector in the study area.

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Entomological Studies in Itaúna, Brazil, an Area With Visceral Leishmaniasis Transmission: Fauna Survey, Natural Leishmania Infection, and Molecular Characterization of the Species Circulating in Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjz061 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 1368-1376 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Josiane V Lopes ◽

Erika M Michalsky ◽

Nathalia C L Pereira ◽

Adão J V de Paula ◽

Fabiana O Lara-Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Local Population ◽

Influential Factor ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Health Concern ◽

Leishmania Infection ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Sand Flies ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies

Abstract Among neglected tropical diseases, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) shows great relevance in global terms and is a serious public health concern due to the possibility of severe and lethal forms in humans. In this study, we evaluate entomological factors such as diversity and abundance of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera:Psychodidae) and the Leishmania species circulating in these species in possible association with VL transmission in the Brazilian town Itaúna. The entomological collections were performed during three consecutive nights, always in the third week of each month, within a period of 12 mo. A total of 1,786 sand fly specimens were collected, from which 20% were collected inside houses. The influence of three local climatic variables (temperature, rainfall, relative humidity) on the population sizes of these insects was evaluated. Temperature was the most influential factor, with a significant positive correlation with the local population size of phlebotomine sand flies collected per month. Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) was the predominant species in the study area. Leishmania DNA was detected in nine out of 133 pools of sand fly females, using nested/PCR, which resulted in a minimal natural infection rate of 2.91%. DNA from Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908 (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatida), was detected in Evandromyia cortelezzii (Bréthes, 1923), Ev. evandroi (Costa, Lima & Antunes, 1936), Ev. lenti (Mangabeira, 1938), and Ev. termitophila (Martins, Falcão & Silva, 1964), besides Lu. longipalpis. Our study indicates favorable conditions for VL spreading in Itaúna due to the presence of Lu. longipalpis and Le. infantum-infected phlebotomine sand flies.

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Aspects on the ecology of phlebotomine sand flies and natural infection by Leishmania hertigi in the Southeastern Amazon Basin of Brazil

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 177 ◽

pp. 37-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sirlei Franck Thies ◽

Roberta Vieira de Morais Bronzoni ◽

Érika Monteiro Michalsky ◽

Emerson Soares dos Santos ◽

David José Ferreira da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amazon Basin ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Sand Flies ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies

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Occurrences of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) Potentially Associated with Leishmaniasis Transmission in Urban Parks in the City of São Paulo, Brazil

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association ◽

10.2987/18-6735.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 151-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cecília de Oliveira Lavitschka ◽

Walter Ceretti-Junior ◽

Mauro Toledo Marrelli

Keyword(s):

Causative Agent ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Urban Parks ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Sand Flies ◽

São Paulo ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽

Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

And Control ◽

The City

ABSTRACT A study of the phlebotomine sand flies was carried out between October 2011 and June 2013 in municipal parks in the city of São Paulo. A total of 173 specimens of 5 species were collected (Psychodopygus lloydi, Pintomyia fischeri, Lutzomyia amarali, Nyssomyia whitmani, and Migonemyia migonei). Three of these species may be involved in the transmission of the causative agent of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Surveillance and monitoring phlebotomine species from these areas are crucial as measure of prevention and control of leishmaniasis.

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Bionomics of phlebotomine sand flies species (Diptera: Psychodidae) and their natural infection with Leishmania and Crithidia in Fars province, southern Iran

Journal of Parasitic Diseases ◽

10.1007/s12639-018-1027-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 511-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohsen Kalantari ◽

Mohammad Hossein Motazedian ◽

Qasem Asgari ◽

Zahra Soltani ◽

Aboozar Soltani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Infection ◽

Fars Province ◽

Sand Flies ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽

Southern Iran

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The isolation and molecular characterization of Leishmania spp. from patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis in northwest Argentina

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.11.015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 16-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Fabricio M. Locatelli ◽

S. Pamela Cajal ◽

Paola A. Barroso ◽

Juan J. Lauthier ◽

María C. Mora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Northwest Argentina ◽

Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

Leishmania Spp

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Phlebotominae fauna in the Province of Tucumán, Argentina

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652002000100005 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 23-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Elizabeth CÓRDOBA LANÚS ◽

Oscar Daniel SALOMÓN

Keyword(s):

Secondary Forest ◽

Light Trap ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Sand Flies ◽

Epidemic Outbreak ◽

Entomological Surveillance ◽

Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

First Time

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis is endemic in the province of Tucumán since 1916 where the first Argentinian case of leishmaniasis was reported. An epidemic outbreak took place in the province during 1986-1988, after that the number of cases increased gradually again between 1991-1996. Since October of 1999 sand flies captures were performed at different places associated with current and past transmission or sites identified as risky ones. The collections were carried out with CDC mini light trap and modified Shannon trap. In this study 2338 Phlebotominae were captured being prevalent Lutzomyia neivai (Lu intermedia complex) (97.7%), followed by Lu. migonei. We report Lu. shannoni for the first time in the province. Phlebotominae was abundant in the warm and humid months and showed a peak before the summer rains. Lutzomyia neivai showed a pattern (peridomestic prevalence, anthropophilia, abundance in secondary forest) consistent with other outbreak studies. Thus, the results reinforce this species incrimination as vector of leishmaniasis in the area. Domestic animals close to houses increase its abundance, and so the probable associated risk of human-Phlebotominae contact. Further studies should be done to understand the role of each Phlebotominae species in the transmission of leishmaniasis in Tucumán in order to design entomological surveillance strategies.

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Epidemiological profile of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the municipality of Manhuaçu, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Veterinária Notícias ◽

10.14393/vtn-v25n2-2019-49419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Darlan Gabriel De Lima ◽

Laís Perígolo Mol ◽

Abel Perígolo Mol ◽

TIAGO MENDON OLIVEIRA ◽

Cristina Mara Teixeira

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Case Reports ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽

Leishmania Spp ◽

Male Patients ◽

Using Data ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

First Time

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a widely distributed anthropozoonosis caused by theprotozoa Leishmania spp. and is considered a serious public health problem. We aimed to assessManhuaçu’s burden caused by ATL through the profiling of all ATL case reports during the period from2010 to 2015. A descriptive, ecological and retrospective study of the confirmed cases of ATL wascarried out using data regarding the age, sex, area of residence, type of entry (new case or recurrence),and clinical form of the disease of the existing registered reports provided by the Sistema de Informaçãode Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). We observed that the first quarter of the years showed highernumber of reports. The 58 notifications were classified as a first time occurrence, being 95% of thecutaneous form of the disease, and 76% of the cases in male patients. Regarding the location of theinfection, 86% of the patients belonged to the rural area, and most (60%) were between 20 and 59 yearsold. Thus, the epidemiological profile of infections of ATL in Manhuaçu, MG indicates that maleindividuals aged between 20 and 59 years old and living in rural areas are more likely to get infected.Moreover, it is important to know the epidemiological profile of ATL cases for adequate healthsurveillance and prevention of the disease on this region.

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