Nutrient consumption and associated factors among school age children in Dewa Chefe District, northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Mass drug administration (MDA) to the most risky population including school-age children (SAC) is the central strategy to control soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection. The present study was aimed at estimating the prevalence of STHs reinfection three months posttreatment and associated risk factors among SAC in Chencha district. A cross-sectional study design was employed from April 20 to May 5, 2015, to enroll 408 SAC. Structured questionnaire and Kato-Katz thick smear technique were used to interview parents or guardians and quantify the number of eggs per gram of stool. Pearson chi-square and logistic regression were used to assess the association between predictor variable and STH reinfection. The prevalence of STHs within three months of mass chemotherapy among SAC was 36.8% which is 93.4% of the prevalence (39.4%) before treatment. The estimated prevalence of reinfection (95%CI) forAscaris lumbricoides,Trichuris trichiura, and hookworms was 23.8% (21.1–28.2), 16.2% (12.7–20.1), and 1.0% (0.3–2.5), respectively. Children of merchant fathers were more likely to be reinfected by STHs in Chencha district. In conclusion, there is rapid reinfection after mass chemotherapy among SAC in Chencha district. Further studies should be carried out to generate cost efficient methods that can supplement mass drug administration to accelerate the control of STHs.

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Sex-Specific Differences in Related Indicators of Blood Pressure in School-Age Children With Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.674504 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Hongmei He ◽

Shujun Yang ◽

Na Qiu ◽

Ling Qiao ◽

Yong Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: The objective of this study is to further explore the difference between elevated blood pressure (EBP), elevated pulse pressure (EPP), and elevated mean arterial pressure (EMAP) and obesity in Chinese school-age children by sex.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 935 children between 7 and 12 years old. Overweight and obesity were defined by body mass index and body composition. The multivariate logistic regression and the adjusted population attributable risk were used to assess the effects of obesity on pre-EBP/EBP, EPP, and EMAP. The interactions were used to identify the modification of obese on the relationship between related indicators of blood pressure and height or age.Results: The average age of the children included in the study was 10. Boys with overweight and obesity had higher pre-EBP/EBP, EPP, and EMAP (p < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that overweight and obesity had a greater impact on BP and MAP than PP, especially in boys [odds ratio (OR) > 1]. Pre-EBP/EBP in 79% of boys and 76% of girls could be attributable to the visceral fat level. The interaction between BP, PP, MAP, and height or age was modestly increased in children with overweight and obesity, especially in boys.Conclusions: Independent of age and height, obesity not only increases blood pressure, it also increases mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure, and this effect is more pronounced in boys.

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Dual Contraceptive Use and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Age Group on Antiretroviral Therapy in Borena District, Northeast Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care ◽

10.2147/hiv.s289045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 107-114

Author(s):

Gashaw Amare ◽

Niguss Cherie ◽

Asnakew Molla Mekonen

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northeast Ethiopia ◽

Reproductive Age Group

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Age, Gender, Height and Weight in Relation to Joint Cartilage Thickness Among School-aged Children From Ultrasonographic Measurement

10.21203/rs.3.rs-57421/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chunchun Gau ◽

Tsung-Chieh Yao ◽

Shu-Ting Gan ◽

Syh-Jae Lin ◽

Kuo-Wei Yeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cartilage Thickness ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Asian Children ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Specific

Abstract Background: Among school-age children, the decrease of cartilage thickness (Cth) with increasing age is well known. However, the influence of body mass index (BMI), height or weight on Cth has not been revealed. Here in, we aim to establish an age- and gender-specific Cth standard reference among Asians and investigate the possible prestige of BMI, height and weight. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in healthy Asian children. Bilateral knees, ankles, wrists, second metacarpophalangeals (MCPs) and proximal interphalangeals (PIPs) were measured using ultrasound. The children’s height, weight and BMI were also recorded for later adjustment.Results: A total of 200 school age Asian children (including 86 girls and 114 boys, aged between 5 to 13 years-old) were investigated. Cth differences were observed in the knees, ankles, wrists, MCPs and PIPs between sexes (p<0.05), with girls having thinner cartilage thickness. While Cth decreases with increasing age ( p <0.0001, 0.039, 0.001, 0.023, 0.091 in girls’ knees, ankles, wrists, MCPs and PIPs and p = 0.002, 0.001, <0.0001, 0.001, 0.045 in boys’, respectively). Our data showed that weight, height and BMI are not the main factors contributing to Cth. A formula to calculate gender-specific cartilage thickness for Asian school age children is suggested. There was no difference in Cth after adjusting for height or weight between Asian or Caucasian group.Conclusions: A formula to calculate gender-specific cartilage thickness for Asian school age children is suggested. Height, weight and BMI were not the major contributor for Cth among school age children.

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A Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Soil Transmitted Helminthes Infection and Stunting Among School-aged Children in Ibadan

10.1101/2020.01.16.908848 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

A. G. Ibrahim ◽

M.K. Tijani ◽

R. I. Nwuba

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Aged Children ◽

And Control

AbstractBackgroundIn developing countries, infections caused by soil-transmitted helminthes (STH), such as Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm, pose major public health problems among the school-age children, resulting in impaired physical growth such as stunting and thinness, and cognitive development. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of STH infections, stunting and thinness, and risk factors among school-age-children in Ibadan. This becomes highly imperative in order to serve as a guide on the prevention and control.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out in 8 primary schools at Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria, between May and November 2018. All the school-age-children between the ages 5 and 18 years old (mean 10.4 ± 1.7 years), from primary one to six took part in the study. Demographic data were obtained and STH infections was analysed in single-stool samples by Kato-Katz. Anthropometric parameters were taken to calculate Height for-age Z score (HAZ) and Body-Mass-Index (BMI) for-age Z score (BAZ), in order to determine among school-aged-children stunting and thinness respectively.ResultsIn overall, 458 school-age-children partook in the study. The prevalence of STH was 9.0%, out of which 7.6%, 2.8% and 1.5% were recorded for Ascaris, Trichuris and multiparasitism respectively. The overall prevalence obtained revealed that the results of stunting and thinness (HAZ < -2SD, BAZ < -2SD) were 24.7% and 27.3% respectively based on the WHO Child Growth Standards (2007). Notably, ages of the children (P< 0.01), their classes (P=0.05), different schools (P=0.003), washing of hands after toileting (P = 0.05) were important risk factors determining STH infection, HAZ and BAZ.ConclusionThe study showed that specific risk factors among school children in the studied area will make them vulnerable with high risk of STH infection, HAZ and BAZ. Effective prevention and control strategies can be well planned when risk factors and dynamics of transmission in vulnerable groups have been painstakingly identified.SummaryAscaris, Trichuris and hookworm are responsible for major public health problems among the school-age children (SAC); this has led to stunting and thinness, and impaired cognitive development. With the aim to determine prevalence of STH infections, stunting, thinness and associated risk factors, a cross-sectional study of STH infection in 8 primary schools at Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria was conducted in 2018. School-aged children between the ages of 5 and 18 were enrolled, demographic data, stool samples and anthropometric parameters were obtained in order to determine STH infection and nutritional status. 9.0% was the prevalence of STH, the prevalence of 7.6%, 2.8% and 1.5% were recorded for Ascaris, Trichuris and multiparasitism respectively, while 24.7% and 27.3% were obtained for stunting and thinness respectively. The children’s age, hand washing after toileting and locations of the different schools were significantly correlated with STH infection, HAZ and BAZ. This study is highly imperative because its shows some risk factors associated with STH infection, HAZ and BAZ among SAC, this can serve as a guide on the prevention and control among SAC.

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