Assessment of drug related problems among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health concern. Despite compelling evidence about the effectiveness of medications, studies have indicated that less than 50% of patients achieved therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to assess the adherence to type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment and its determinants. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2017 in the Endocrinology and internal medicine departments of Farhat Hached University Hospital in Sousse, Tunisia. A convenient sample of patients who fulfilled the eligibility criteria was recruited. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to gather information. This was followed by assessing patients' adherence to diabetes medications using the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Results A total of 330 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus participated in this study. The mean ±SD age of patients was 58.96±10.3 with female predominance (60.3%). More than half of participants were with high cardiovascular risk. In most cases (70.6 %), participants were moderate adherent. Results showed that patients become non-adherent as the disease gets older (p = 0.001). In addition patients with health insurance were significantly more adherent comparing to those who did not have it (p = 0.01). Regarding self-care practices and other metabolic risk factors' effects, our data revealed that exercising 30 minutes below than 5 times in week and poor self-management of diet were associated with low adherence (p < 10-3). On the other hand, patients who have started insulin therapy were less adherent than those who had not yet (0.01). Patients with diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy were significantly more prone to be non- adherent, with respective percentage of 39.1% and 37.5%. Conclusions This study provides insights into the determinants of non-adherence, ultimately guiding the effective interventions through development of structured long-term policies not yet implemented. Key messages In most cases (70.6 %), participants were moderate adherent. Patients with diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy were significantly more prone to be non- adherent.

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A STUDY ON DRUG UTILIZATION EVALUATION AND POTENTIAL DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS IN TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WITH CO-MORBIDITIES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2021v13i3.39425 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 42-46

Author(s):

PRUDENCE A. RODRIGUES ◽

DAWN TESLIN DAMIEN ◽

MARY CECIL K. T. ◽

NARESH KUMAR M. ◽

RESHMA S. S. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cost Analysis ◽

Drug Utilization ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Drug Related Problems

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate prescribing pattern, analyze drug-related problems, identify co-morbidities and complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients and also to perform cost analysis of Biguanides, Sulfonylureas, Dipeptidyl Peptidase Inhibitors Methods: A Prospective observational study was done in General Medicine and Endocrinology Departments of PSG Hospitals. A total of 200 study subjects, including both inpatients and outpatients, above 18 y of age, prescribed with OHAs (Biguanides, Sulfonylureas and DPP4 inhibitors) were included in the study. Results: Diabetes was more prevalent among males. OHAs were most prescribed in the age group of 51-60 y. Hypertension (71%) was the most common comorbidity and Diabetic neuropathy (23%) was the most common complication found in the patients. Multidrug therapy (72.5%) was most prescribed in diabetic patients, followed by Biguanides. Hypoglycemia was the most prevalent ADR. Cost analysis showed that T. Linagliptin was of high cost and T. Glimepiride being the low cost. Using WHO core indicators prescribing patterns were assessed. Feedback was collected and results were reported to the physicians which showed rational utilization of drugs. Conclusion: The study on drug utilization conducted in a tertiary care hospital helped us to find out that prescribing trends seems to be progressing towards combination therapy, predominantly two-drug therapy

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TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.02.678 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (02) ◽

pp. 237-243

Author(s):

GHULAM HUSSAIN BALOCH ◽

ABDUL QADIR DALL ◽

ATIF SITWAT HAYAT ◽

Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah ◽

Bikha Ram Devrajani

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

University Hospital ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Haemoglobin A1c ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

History Of ◽

Upper Molar

Objective: To determine the frequency and pattern of dental carries in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design: Crosssectional descriptive study. Patients and methods: Patients with history of type 2 diabetes mellitus for ≥ 02 years duration with ≥ 35 years ofage and of either gender with dental pain visit at medical and dental outpatient department (OPD) of Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad.The detail history was taken and the blood samples were taken for haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to assess the glycemic status. The existenceof dental carries and its pattern was diagnosed through dental examination by consultant dentist had clinical experience ≥05 years. The datawas collected on pre-designed proforma, entered and analyzed in SPSS version 11.00. Results: A total of 137 type 2 diabetic patients wereselected for this study, out of these 82 were males and 55 females. The dental carries was found in 98 (71.5%) patients. Out of these ninetyeight, 53 (54.08%) were males and 45 (45.92%) were female. Upper molar teeth involvement was present in 46 patients and lower molarteeth were involved in 52 patients. Dentine carries was seen in 35 patients, enamel carries in 19, white spot carries in 20 patients, pulpitis in16 patients, and pulp capping in 8 patients. Involvement of individual teeth was also assessed, the upper molar involvement was present in32 patients, premolar involvement was present in 11, incisor involvement in 03 patients. The lower molars were involved in 28 patients,lower pre molar in 21 and lower incisors in 03 patients. Dental carries was present in 43 (43.9%) patients in patients whose duration ofdiabetes was between 5-10 years, whereas those patients having duration >10 years had 31.6% frequency of dental carries, whileregarding duration of <5 years only 24 (24.5%) patients had dental carries. Conclusions: The diabetic patients are more prone to acquiredental caries.

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Letter: The Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending a University Hospital (Diabetes Metab J 2011;35:543-50)

Diabetes & Metabolism Journal ◽

10.4093/dmj.2011.35.6.637 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 637

Author(s):

Won Jun Kim ◽

Cheol-Young Park

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

University Hospital ◽

Korean Patients ◽

Peripheral Arterial

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Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hepatitis C Virus Infected Population: A Southeast Asian Study

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2013/539361 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Muhammad Sadik Memon ◽

Zain Islam Arain ◽

Farukh Naz ◽

Madiha Zaki ◽

Suresh Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Case Series ◽

University Hospital

Purpose. The study was aimed to investigate the frequency of diabetes mellitus type 2 in patients infected with chronic hepatitis C virus and its association with cirrhosis.Patients and Methods. This prospective case series was conducted at Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad, over a period of 4 months from June 2009 to October 2009. Hepatitis C virus seropositive patients who were older than 18 years, diabetic or nondiabetic, were included. Basic demographic data collected by questionnaire and laboratory investigations including fasting blood glucose levels, serum cholesterol, and liver function tests were done. A logistic regression model was used to explore the association between diabetic and nondiabetic HCV seropositives and type 2 diabetes mellitus with cirrhosis.Results. A total of 361 patients with hepatitis C were analyzed; the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in HCV patients was 31.5%. Out of the total number of the participants, 58.4% (n= 211) were cirrhotics, while 41.6% (n= 150) were noncirrhotic HCV seropositives. In multivariate analysis, cirrhotic patients appeared significantly more likely (P= 0.01) to be diabetic as compared with noncirrhotic patients (OR = 2.005, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.43).Conclusion. Advancing age, increased weight, and HCV genotype 3 are independent predictors of type 2 diabetes in HCV seropositive patients, and there is a statistically significant association of cirrhosis observed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Polymorphism in the HaeIII single nucleotide polymorphism of the SLC2A1 gene and cardiovascular disease in the early type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research ◽

10.1177/14791641211041225 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 147916412110412

Author(s):

Dong-Hwa Lee ◽

Gun Woo Won ◽

Yong Hee Lee ◽

Jong Sung Shin ◽

Eu Jeong Ku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Disease Duration ◽

University Hospital ◽

Korean Patients ◽

Short Disease Duration ◽

Slc2a1 Gene

Introduction: SLC2A1 polymorphism may play a role in the smooth muscle cell proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis in vessels. However, the role of SLC2A1 polymorphism on diabetic cardiovascular disease (CVD) have not yet been identified. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between SLC2A1 HaeIII polymorphism and CVD in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) according to disease duration. Methods: A total of 846 patients with T2DM who visited the Chungbuk National University Hospital were investigated. The HaeIII polymorphism of SLC2A1 gene was determined by real time polymerase chain reaction method. Genotyping results were presented GG, AG, or AA. Subgroup analysis was performed according to duration of T2DM (⩽10, 11–20, >20 years). Results: The AA genotype was significantly associated with higher prevalence of CVD in patients with DM duration less than 10 years (26.3% vs 9.2%, p = 0.014). There was no significant association between SLC2A1 HaeIII polymorphism and other diabetic complications including, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease. Conclusions: The SLC2A1 HaeIII polymorphism was associated with CVD in Korean patients with T2DM with short disease duration.

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Underweight is a major risk factor for atrial fibrillation in Asian people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cardiovascular Diabetology ◽

10.1186/s12933-021-01415-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jung-Chi Hsu ◽

Yen-Yun Yang ◽

Shu-Lin Chuang ◽

Yi-Wei Chung ◽

Chih-Hsien Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Reference Group ◽

University Hospital ◽

Rank Test ◽

Obesity Class

Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Obesity commonly accompanies T2DM, and increases the risk of AF. However, the dose-relationship between body mass index (BMI) and AF risk has seldom been studied in patients with diabetes. Methods This cohort study utilized a database from National Taiwan University Hospital, a tertiary medical center in Taiwan. Between 2014 and 2019, 64,339 adult patients with T2DM were enrolled for analysis. BMI was measured and categorized as underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24), overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 27), obesity class 1 (27 ≤ BMI < 30), obesity class 2 (30 ≤ BMI < 35), or obesity class 3 (BMI ≥ 35). Multivariate Cox regression and spline regression models were employed to estimate the relationship between BMI and the risk of AF in patients with T2DM. Results The incidence of AF was 1.97 per 1000 person-years (median follow-up, 70.7 months). In multivariate Cox regression, using normal BMI as the reference group, underweight (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.25–1.87, p < 0.001) was associated with a significantly higher risk of AF, while overweight was associated with significantly reduced risk of AF (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.89, p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed AF risk was highest in the underweight group, followed by obesity class 3, while the overweight group had the lowest incidence of AF (log-rank test, p < 0.001). The cubic restrictive spline model revealed a “J-shaped” or “L-shaped” relationship between BMI and AF risk. Conclusions Underweight status confers the highest AF risk in Asian patients with T2DM.

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TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2014.21.06.2255 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (06) ◽

pp. 1174-1177

Author(s):

Mukhtiar Hussain Jaffery ◽

Nisar Ahmed Shah ◽

Muhammad Sajid Abbas Jaffri ◽

Athar Hussain Memon ◽

Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Urban Areas ◽

University Hospital ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

The Mean

Objective: To determine the frequency of raised C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients and methods: This cross sectional descriptive study of six months study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from March 2013 to August 2013. All diabetic patients of ≥35 years age of either gender for >01 year duration visited at OPD were evaluated for C-reactive protein and their glycemic status by hemoglobin A1c. The data was analyzed in SPSS and the frequency and percentage was calculated. Results: During six month study period, total 100 diabetic patients were evaluated for C-reactive protein. Majority of patients were from urban areas 75/100 (75%). The mean ±SD for age of patients with diabetes mellitus was 51.63±7.82. The mean age ±SD of patient with raised CRP was 53±7.21. The mean ±SD for HbA1c in patients with raised CRP is 9.55±1.73. The mean random blood sugar level in patients with raised CRP was 247.42 ± 6.62. The majority of subjects from 50-69 years of age group with female predominance (p = 0.01) while the CRP was raised in 70(70%) patients in relation to age (p=0.02) and gender (p=0.01) respectively. Both HbA1c and CRP was raised in 64.9% (p = 0.04) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The mean ±SD of CRP was 5.8±1.21 while for male and female individuals with raised CRP was 3.52±1.22 and 5.7±1.63 respectively. Conclusions: The raised CRP was observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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