scholarly journals Association of FTO rs1421085 single nucleotide polymorphism with fat and fatty acid intake in Indonesian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athraa Alaulddin Al-Jawadi ◽  
Lidwina Priliani ◽  
Sukma Oktavianthi ◽  
Clarissa A. Febinia ◽  
Mulianah Daya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Genetic Models ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Acid Intake

Abstract Objective Recent studies showed that genetic polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) were associated with obesity and dietary intake. In this study of 71 adults in Jakarta, Indonesia, we investigated FTO rs1421085 association with body mass index (BMI), macronutrient intake, and fatty acid intake. The association was evaluated using linear regression analyses assuming co-dominant, dominant, recessive, over-dominant, and additive genetic models. Results Only individuals with the CC genotype had a considerably higher BMI (p < 0.001), which indicates a recessive genetic trait, but the incidence for this genotype is low (68 TT + TC vs. 3 CC). Individuals with the minor C allele had an estimated increase of fat intake by 3.45–4.06% across various genetic models (dominant: p < 0.010, over-dominant: p < 0.030, additive: p < 0.010). Subjects with TC/CC genotypes had increased dietary monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA; 1.14%, p = 0.046) and saturated fatty acid (SAFA; 2.06%, p = 0.023) intakes, compared to those with the TT genotype. In conclusion, our study provided evidence for the association between FTO rs1421085 risk allele with higher BMI and individual preferences for consuming more fat, MUFA, and SAFA. This study highlights the important role of FTO gene in food preference, and its influence on body weight.

scholarly journals Association of FTO rs1421085 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism With Fat and Fatty Acid Intake in Indonesian Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athraa Alaulddin Al-Jawadi ◽  
Lidwina Priliani ◽  
Sukma Oktavianthi ◽  
Clarissa A Febinia ◽  
Mulianah Daya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Genetic Models ◽  
Amplification Refractory Mutation System ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Mutation System ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract ObjectiveRecent studies showed that genetic polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) were associated with obesity and dietary intake. In this study of 71 adults in Jakarta, Indonesia, we investigated FTO rs1421085 association with body mass index (BMI), macronutrient intake, and fatty acid intake. We genotyped FTO rs1421085 using amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS PCR). The association was evaluated using linear regression analyses assuming co-dominant, dominant, recessive, over-dominant, and additive genetic models.ResultsOnly individuals with CC genotype had a considerably higher BMI (p<0.001), which indicates a recessive genetic trait, but the incidence for this genotype is low (68 TT+TC vs. 3 CC). Individuals with the minor C allele had an estimated increase of fat intake by 3.45%—4.06% across various genetic models (dominant: p<0.010, over-dominant: p<0.030, additive: p<0.010). Subjects with TC/CC genotypes had increased dietary monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA; 1.14%, p = 0.046) and saturated fatty acid (SAFA; 2.06%, p = 0.023) intakes, compared to those with the TT genotype. In conclusion, our study provided evidence for the association between FTO rs1421085 risk allele with higher BMI and individual preferences for consuming more fat, MUFA, and SAFA.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Guideline of the German Nutrition Society: Fat Intake and Prevention of Selected Nutrition-Related Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther Wolfram ◽  
Angela Bechthold ◽  
Heiner Boeing ◽  
Sabine Ellinger ◽  
Hans Hauner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Long Chain

As nutrition-related chronic diseases have become more and more frequent, the importance of dietary prevention has also increased. Dietary fat plays a major role in human nutrition, and modification of fat and/or fatty acid intake could have a preventive potential. The aim of the guideline of the German Nutrition Society (DGE) was to systematically evaluate the evidence for the prevention of the widespread diseases obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipoproteinaemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and cancer through the intake of fat or fatty acids. The main results can be summarized as follows: it was concluded with convincing evidence that a reduced intake of total and saturated fat as well as a larger intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) at the expense of saturated fatty acids (SFA) reduces the concentration of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma. Furthermore, there is convincing evidence that a high intake of trans fatty acids increases risk of dyslipoproteinaemia and that a high intake of long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids reduces the triglyceride concentration in plasma. A high fat intake increases the risk of obesity with probable evidence when total energy intake is not controlled for (ad libitum diet). When energy intake is controlled for, there is probable evidence for no association between fat intake and risk of obesity. A larger intake of PUFA at the expense of SFA reduces risk of CHD with probable evidence. Furthermore, there is probable evidence that a high intake of long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids reduces risk of hypertension and CHD. With probable evidence, a high trans fatty acid intake increases risk of CHD. The practical consequences for current dietary recommendations are described at the end of this article.

scholarly journals Co‐morbidities associated with obesity and the role of omega‐3 fatty acid intake in free‐living healthy weight, overweight and obese college students

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Barber‐Heidal ◽  
K. Shane Broughton ◽  
Brenda M. Malinauskas ◽  
Robert C. Hickner ◽  
Melani W. Duffrin
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Intake

Evaluación del consumo de grasas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que asisten a un centro asistencial de la ciudad de Rosario

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Lingiardi ◽  
◽  
Yaela Dalessando ◽  
Florencia Lo Piccolo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Monounsaturated Fat ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Total Fat

Introduction: the evidence showed that fats have a role in diabetes development. Even though fat ideal amount in this pathology`s treatments controversial; it is known that fat quality is more important that fat quantity. Objectives: to assay the fat intake in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients who attended in a health care center in Rosario. Materials and methods: a descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample included 88 male and female adults, with T2D aged 45.55±12.33. The total energy, total fat, satured, unsatured fatty acids and cholesterol intakes were estimated through three 24-hour food recall instruments and then were compared with recommended values. Statistical analysis was performed using R statistical software 4.0.2 version. Results: mean total energy intake was 1851 kcal. Mean total fat intake was 43.30%, satured fatty acid intake 13.44%, monounsatured 14.10%, polyunsatured 12.86% and choresterol 388.55 mg. Total fat, satured and monounsatured fatty acids and cholesterol intakes were significantly higher in men (p=0.008, p=0.004, p=0.023, p=0.027; respectively). The 78.41% exceeded total fat intake. Satured fatty acid intake was inadequate in 99% of participants. The 92% had a monounsatured intake adequate to recommendations. Polyunsatured fatty acid showed an inadequate intake in 68% of patients. Cholesterol intake was inadequate in 83% of participants. There were not found significant differences in adherence to recommendations between sex. Conclusions: more than a half of T2D patients show and excessive total fat intake with inadequate intakes of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol. Only monounsaturated fat intake was adequate to recommendations.

Trends in the Intake of Fatty Acids and Their Food Source According to Obese Status Among Korean Adult Population Using KNHANES 2007-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Jaeouk Ahn ◽  
Nam Soo Kim ◽  
Byung-Kook Lee ◽  
Sunmin Park Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Obesity Status

Background: Increasing obesity rates are related to energy intake with carbohydrate and fat ratio. Using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2017 data, we examined the hypothesis that the fat intake and food sources of dietary fats had changed over the last 10 years according to gender and obesity status in adult population ≥19 years. Methods: The food intake of each participant was collected by the 24-hour recall method, and nutrient intake including different fatty acids was calculated. The fatty acid intakes from 7 food groups were determined according to gender and obesity status. Results: Body mass index increased in both genders of the obese group over the decade, but it decreased in the normal-weight group. In men, energy intake was higher in the obese group than in the lean group, but the opposite trend was shown in women. Total fat intake including various fatty acids continuously and sharply increased in both men and women until 2016, then slightly declined only in men. The source of saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake was mainly from the animal food group in men and women regardless of obese status, and SFA and monounsaturated fatty acid from the animal food group gradually increased over time in both genders. N-3 fatty acid intake markedly decreased from fish and crabs and increased from sauces and nuts regardless of genders and the obese status from 2008 to 2017. Polyunsaturated fatty acid and N-6 fatty acid intake increased from bread, cookies, sauces, and nuts regardless of genders and obesity status. Conclusion: Fat intake was higher in obese men, but this was opposite in women. The N-3 fatty acid intake from seafood should increase, and the fat composition in sauce needs to be modulated to increase N-3 fatty acids.

scholarly journals Role of Dietary Macronutrients and Fatty Acids in Obesity and Metabolic Risk in Older Adults (P08-026-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara Dooley ◽  
Alice Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study was to examine the role of dietary consumption of different types of fatty acids on metabolic risk factors and regional fat deposition in older men and women. We hypothesized that saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake, ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and total fat intake, as well as proportion of energy derived from fat, would be associated with markers of insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and ectopic fat. Methods Sedentary, obese (Body Mass Index: 29–48 kg/m2) adults (N = 20) aged 45–78 years underwent two-hour oral glucose tolerance test, blood draw, DXA scan, and CT scan of the abdomen and mid-thigh. Seven-day diet records were analyzed with NutritionistPro software and the USDA Foodapedia feature of the Supertracker program. Results Subjects had low fitness levels (VO2 max = 23.5 ±2.4 mL/kg/min) and high total body fat (43.5 ± 1.7%) with abdominal obesity (visceral adipose tissue area = 192.4 ± 18 cm2, subcutaneous abdominal adipose area = 465.4 ± 29 cm2) and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) area in thigh (150.1 ± 17 cm2). The average macronutrient composition of the diet was high in fat (fat as a % of total kcal = 35.5) with SFA, MUFA, and PUFA were respectively represented as 33.0, 34.8, and 22.1% of total fat intake. The average MUFA to PUFA ratio was 1.66. There were no differences in fatty acid intake between subjects with normal glucose tolerance and impaired glucose tolerance subjects. The ratio of MUFA to PUFA was positively correlated with higher fasting glucose (r = 0.42, P = 0.06), glucose intolerance (r = 0.43, P = 0.06), and serum cholesterol (r = 0.48, P = 0.03). PUFA intake as a percentage of fat intake was associated with lower serum cholesterol (r = –0.44, P = 0.05). Associations between diet composition with body composition (abdominal fat, IMAT) were not found to be uniformly significant among a homogenous sample of obese, sedentary subjects with diets high in proportion of lipid. Conclusions Dietary fatty acid intake, specifically MUFA unbalanced by PUFA, was associated with glucose intolerance and increased serum cholesterol, and therefore may confer increased risk for diabetes among obese, sedentary individuals. Future investigation of food sources, or context of dietary lipids, could lead to individualized dietary recommendations to promote healthy eating habits and potentially alter metabolic risk. Funding Sources Supported by grant awards from the Department of Veteran's Affairs and the National Institute of Health.

scholarly journals Prevalence of ACSL (rs6552828) polymorphism among runners

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Sigal Ben-Zaken ◽  
Yoav Meckel ◽  
Dan Nemet ◽  
Alon Eliakim
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
The Common

The ACSL A/G polymorphism is associated with endurance trainability. Previous studies have demonstrated that homozygotes of the minor AA allele had a reduced maximal oxygen consumption response to training compared to the common GG allele homozygotes, and that the ACSL A/G single nucleotide polymorphism explained 6.1% of the variance in the VO2max response to endurance training. The contribution of ACSL single nucleotide polymorphism to endurance trainability was shown in nonathletes, however, its potential role in professional athletes is not clear. Moreover, the genetic basis to anaerobic trainability is even less studied. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of ACSL single nucleotide polymorphism among professional Israeli long distance runners (n=59), middle distance runners (n=31), sprinters and jumpers (n=48) and non-athletic controls (n=60). The main finding of the present study was that the ACSL1 AA genotype, previously shown to be associated with reduced endurance trainability, was not higher among sprinters and jumpers (15%) compared to middle- (16%) and long-distance runners (15%). This suggests that in contrast to previous studies indicating that the ACSL1 single nucleotide polymorphism may influence endurance trainability among non-athletic individuals, the role of this polymorphism among professional athletes is still not clear.

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