scholarly journals Insights into diastolic function analyses using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: impact of trabeculae and papillary muscles

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjoern P. Schoennagel ◽  
Kai Müllerleile ◽  
Enver Tahir ◽  
Jitka Starekova ◽  
Regine Grosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Papillary Muscles ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background This cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) study investigates the impact of trabeculae and papillary muscles (TPM) on diastolic function parameters by differentiation of the time-volume curve. Differentiation causes additional problems, which is overcome by standardization. Methods Cine steady-state free-precession imaging at 1.5 T was performed in 40 healthy volunteers stratified for age (age range 7–78y). LV time-volume curves were assessed by software-assisted delineation of endocardial contours from short axis slices applying two different methods: (1) inclusion of TPM into the myocardium and (2) inclusion of TPM into the LV cavity blood volume. Diastolic function was assessed from the differentiated time-volume curves defining the early and atrial peaks, their filling rates, filling volumes, and further dedicated diastolic measures, respectively. Results Only inclusion of TPM into the myocardium allowed precise assessment of early and atrial peak filling rates (EPFR, APFR) with clear distinction of EPFR and APFR expressed by the minimum between the early and atrial peak (EAmin) (100% vs. 36% for EAmin < 0.8). Prediction of peak filling rate ratios (PFRR) and filling volume ratios (FVR) by age was superior with inclusion of TPM into the myocardium compared to inclusion into the blood pool (r2 = 0.85 vs. r2 = 0.56 and r2 = 0.89 vs. r2 = 0.66). Standardization problems were overcome by the introduction of a third phase (mid-diastole, apart from diastole and systole) and fitting of the early and atrial peaks in the differentiated time-volume curve. Conclusions Only LV volumetry with inclusion of TPM into the myocardium allows precise determination of diastolic measures and prevents methodological artifacts.

scholarly journals Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Studied with Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review of Techniques and Relation to Established Measures of Diastolic Function

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1282
Author(s):  
Annemie Stege Bojer ◽  
Martin Heyn Soerensen ◽  
Peter Gaede ◽  
Saul Myerson ◽  
Per Lav Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Feature Tracking ◽  
Left Ventricular Diastolic Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Maximal Volume ◽  
Mitral Inflow ◽  
Volume Curve

Purpose: In recent years, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been used to assess LV diastolic function. In this systematic review, studies were identified where CMR parameters had been evaluated in healthy and/or patient groups with proven diastolic dysfunction or known to develop heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. We aimed at describing the parameters most often used, thresholds where possible, and correlation to echocardiographic and invasive measurements. Methods and results: A systematic literature review was performed using the databases of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane. In total, 3808 articles were screened, and 102 studies were included. Four main CMR techniques were identified: tagging; time/volume curves; mitral inflow quantification with velocity-encoded phase-contrast sequences; and feature tracking. Techniques were described and estimates were presented in tables. From published studies, peak change of torsion shear angle versus volume changes in early diastole (−dφ′/dV′) (from tagging analysis), early peak filling rate indexed to LV end-diastolic volume <2.1 s−1 (from LV time-volume curve analysis), enlarged LA maximal volume >52 mL/m2, lowered LA total (<40%), and lowered LA passive emptying fractions (<16%) seem to be reliable measures of LV diastolic dysfunction. Feature tracking, especially of the atrium, shows promise but is still a novel technique. Conclusion: CMR techniques of LV untwisting and early filling and LA measures of poor emptying are promising for the diagnosis of LV filling impairment, but further research in long-term follow-up studies is needed to assess the ability for the parameters to predict patient related outcomes.

scholarly journals Quantifying Effect of Intraplaque Hemorrhage on Critical Plaque Wall Stress in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques Using Three-Dimensional Fluid-Structure Interaction Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Huang ◽  
Chun Yang ◽  
Gador Canton ◽  
Marina Ferguson ◽  
Chun Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Intraplaque Hemorrhage ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
The Impact

Recent magnetic resonance studies have indicated that intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) may accelerate plaque progression and play an important role in plaque destabilization. However, the impact of hemorrhage on critical plaque wall stress (CPWS) and strain (CPWSn) has yet to be determined. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the presence and size of IPH on wall mechanics. The magnetic resonance image (MRI) of one patient with histology-confirmed IPH was used to build eight 3D fluid-structure interaction (FSI) models by altering the dimensions of the existing IPH. As a secondary end point, the combined effect of IPH and fibrous cap thickness (FCT) was assessed. A volume curve fitting method (VCFM) was applied to generate a mesh that would guarantee numerical convergence. Plaque wall stress (PWS), strain (PWSn), and flow shear stress (FSS) were extracted from all nodal points on the lumen surface for analysis. Keeping other conditions unchanged, the presence of intraplaque hemorrhage caused a significant increase (27.5%) in CPWS; reduced FCT caused an increase of 22.6% of CPWS. Similar results were found for CPWSn. Furthermore, combination of IPH presence, reduced FCT, and increased IPH volume caused an 85% and 75% increase in CPWS and CPWSn, respectively. These results show that intraplaque hemorrhage has considerable impact on plaque stress and strain conditions and accurate quantification of IPH could lead to more accurate assessment of plaque vulnerability. Large-scale studies are needed to further validate our findings.

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Blood Pool Contrast Agents

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Covadonga Fernández-Golfín ◽  
José Luis Zamorano ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Blood Pool Contrast Agents

scholarly journals ‘You see the empty bed which means it’s either a transplant or a death’: a qualitative study exploring the impact of death in the haemodialysis community

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046537
Author(s):  
Sheera Sutherland ◽  
Kirsty E Durley ◽  
Kirsty Gillies ◽  
Margaret Glogowska ◽  
Daniel S Lasserson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Patients

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of the death of a patient in the haemodialysis unit on fellow patients.MethodsWe interviewed patients on dialysis in a tertiary dialysis centre using semistructured interviews. We purposively sampled patients who had experienced the death of a fellow patient. After interviews were transcribed, they were thematically analysed by independent members of the research team using inductive analysis. Input from the team during analysis ensured the rigour and quality of the findings.Results10 participants completed the interviews (6 females and 4 males with an age range of 42–88 years). The four core themes that emerged from the interviews included: (1) patients’ relationship to haemodialysis, (2) how patients define the haemodialysis community, (3) patients’ views on death and bereavement and (4) patients’ expectations around death in the dialysis community. Patients noticed avoidance behaviour by staff in relation to discussing death in the unit and would prefer a culture of open acknowledgement.ConclusionStaff acknowledgement of death is of central importance to patients on haemodialysis who feel that the staff are part of their community. This should guide the development of appropriate bereavement support services and a framework that promotes the provision of guidance for staff and patients in this unique clinical setting. However, the authors acknowledge the homogenous sample recruited in a single setting may limit the transferability of the study. Further work is needed to understand diverse patient and nurse experiences and perceptions when sharing the knowledge of a patient’s death and how they react to loss.

scholarly journals Effect of Adherence to Physical Exercise on Cardiometabolic Profile in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Valentina Bucciarelli ◽  
Francesco Bianco ◽  
Francesco Mucedola ◽  
Andrea Di Blasio ◽  
Pascal Izzicupo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Estrogen Depletion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Background: Menopause is associated with negative cardiovascular adaptations related to estrogen depletion, which could be counteracted by physical exercise (PhE). However, the impact of total adherence-rate (TA) to PhE and sedentary time (SedT) on cardiometabolic profile in this population has not been elucidated. Methods: For 13-weeks, 43 women (57.1 ± 4.7 years) participated in a 4-days-a-week moderate-intensity walking training. They underwent laboratory, anthropometric and echocardiographic assessment, before and after training (T0–T1). Spontaneous physical activity (PhA) was assessed with a portable multisensory device. The sample was divided according to TA to PhE program: <70% (n = 17) and ≥70% (n = 26). Results: TA ≥ 70% group experienced a significant T1 improvement of relative wall thickness (RWT), diastolic function, VO2max, cortisol, cortisol/dehydroandrostenedione-sulphate ratio and serum glucose. After adjusting for SedT and 10-min bouts of spontaneous moderate-to-vigorous PhA, TA ≥ 70% showed the most significant absolute change of RWT and diastolic function, body mass index, weight and cortisol. TA ≥ 70% was major predictor of RWT and cortisol improvement. Conclusions: In a group of untrained, postmenopausal women, a high TA to a 13-weeks aerobic PhE program confers a better improvement in cardiometabolic profile, regardless of SedT and PhA levels.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neuroimaging scan volumes at a teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092098866
Author(s):  
Daniel Thomas Ginat ◽  
James Kenniff
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Academic Medical Centre ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
The Impact

Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to a widespread socioeconomic shutdown, including medical facilities in many parts of the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact on neuroimaging utilisation at an academic medical centre in the United States caused by this shutdown. Methods Exam volumes from 1 February 2020 to 11 August 2020 were calculated based on patient location, including outpatient, inpatient and emergency, as well as modality type, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. 13 March 2020 was designated as the beginning of the shutdown period for the radiology department and 1 May 2020 was designated as the reopening date. The scan volumes during the pre-shutdown, shutdown and post-shutdown periods were compared using t-tests. Results Overall, neuroimaging scan volumes declined significantly by 41% during the shutdown period and returned to 98% of the pre-shutdown period levels after the shutdown, with an estimated 3231 missed scans. Outpatient scan volumes were more greatly affected than inpatient scan volumes, while emergency scan volumes declined the least during the shutdown. In addition, the magnetic resonance imaging scan volumes declined to a greater degree than the computed tomography scan volumes during the shutdown. Conclusion The shutdown from the COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial but transient impact on neuroimaging utilisation overall, with variable magnitude depending on patient location and modality type.

scholarly journals Neuroimaging at Term Equivalent Age: Is There Value for the Preterm Infant? A Narrative Summary

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Rudaina Banihani ◽  
Judy Seesahai ◽  
Elizabeth Asztalos ◽  
Paige Terrien Church
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Current State ◽  
Patterns Of Injury ◽  
The Impact

Advances in neuroimaging of the preterm infant have enhanced the ability to detect brain injury. This added information has been a blessing and a curse. Neuroimaging, particularly with magnetic resonance imaging, has provided greater insight into the patterns of injury and specific vulnerabilities. It has also provided a better understanding of the microscopic and functional impacts of subtle and significant injuries. While the ability to detect injury is important and irresistible, the evidence for how these injuries link to specific long-term outcomes is less clear. In addition, the impact on parents can be profound. This narrative summary will review the history and current state of brain imaging, focusing on magnetic resonance imaging in the preterm population and the current state of the evidence for how these patterns relate to long-term outcomes.

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