Accuracy comparison of various quantitative [99mTc]Tc-DPD SPECT/CT reconstruction techniques in patients with symptomatic hip and knee joint prostheses

Abstract Background There is a need for better diagnostic tools that identify loose total hip and knee arthroplasties. Here, we present the accuracy of different 99mTc-dicarboxypropandiphosphate ([99mTc]Tc-DPD) SPECT/CT quantification tools for the detection of loose prostheses in patients with painful hip and knee arthroplasties. Methods Quantitative reconstruction of mineral phase SPECT data was performed using Siemens xSPECT-Quant and xSPECT-Bone, with and without metal artefact reduction (iMAR) of CT-data. Quantitative data (SUVmax values) were compared to intraoperative diagnosis or clinical outcome after at least 1 year as standard of comparison. Cut-off values and accuracies were calculated using receiver operator characteristics. Accuracy of uptake quantification was compared to the accuracy of visual SPECT/CT readings, blinded for the quantitative data and clinical outcome. Results In this prospective study, 30 consecutive patients with 33 symptomatic hip and knee prostheses underwent [99mTc]Tc-DPD SPECT/CT. Ten arthroplasties were diagnosed loose and 23 stable. Mean-SUVmax was significantly higher around loose prostheses compared to stable prostheses, regardless of the quantification method (P = 0.0025–0.0001). Quantification with xSPECT-Bone-iMAR showed the highest accuracy (93.9% [95% CI 79.6–100%]) which was significantly higher compared to xSPECT-Quant-iMAR (81.8% [67.5–96.1%], P = 0.04) and xSPECT-Quant without iMAR (77.4% [62.4–92.4%], P = 0.02). Accuracies of clinical reading were non-significantly lower compared to quantitative measures (84.8% [70.6–99.1%] (senior) and 81.5% [67.5–96.1%] (trainee)). Conclusion Quantification with [99mTc]Tc-DPD xSPECT-Bone-iMAR discriminates best between loose and stable prostheses of all evaluated methods. The overall high accuracy of different quantitative measures underlines the potential of [99mTc]Tc-DPD-quantification as a biomarker and demands further prospective evaluation in a larger number of prosthesis.

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Quantitative Analysis of Multimodal Skeletal SPECT/CT Reconstructions in Diagnosing Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/a-1525-7621 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (06) ◽

pp. 403-410

Author(s):

Michael Thomas Beck ◽

Gregor Rugel ◽

Julia Reinfelder ◽

Torsten Kuwert ◽

Philipp Ritt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Roc Analysis ◽

Interobserver Agreement ◽

Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽

Tracer Uptake ◽

Point Scale ◽

Absolute Quantitation ◽

Interobserver Reproducibility ◽

Ct Data ◽

Quantitative Uptake ◽

Xspect Bone

Abstract Aim Our goal was to assess visual and quantitative aspects of multimodal skeletal SPECT/CT reconstructions (recon) in differentiating necrotic and healthy bone of patients with suspected MRONJ. Methods Prior to surgery, 20 patients with suspected MRONJ underwent SPECT/CT of the jaw 3–4 hours after injection of Tc-99m-DPD (622±112.4 MBq). SPECT/CT data were reconstructed using the multimodal xSPECT Bone and xSPECT Quant algorithms as well as the OSEM-algorithm FLASH 3D. For analysis, we divided the jaw into 12 separate regions. Both xSPECT Bone and FLASH 3D datasets were scored on a four-point scale (VIS xSPECT; VIS F3D), based on the intensity of localized tracer uptake. In F3D and xSPECT Quant datasets, local tracer uptake of each region was recorded as semi-quantitative uptake ratio (SQR F3D) or SUVs, respectively. ROC analysis was performed. Postoperative histologic results served as gold standard. Results VIS F3D, VIS xSPECT and SQR F3D did not differ significantly in diagnostic accuracy (VIS xSPECT sensitivity=0.64; specificity=0.89). Of the quantitative parameters, SUVpeak yielded the best interobserver reproducibility. SUVpeak was 9.9±7.1 (95%CI: 7.84–11.95) in MRONJ regions, as opposed 3.6±1.8 (95% CI:3.36–3.88) elsewhere, with a cutpoint of 4.5 (sensitivity=0.83; specificity=0.80). Absolute quantitation significantly surpassed VIS and SQR (p<0.05) in accuracy and interobserver agreement (SUVpeak: κ=0.92; VIS xSPECT: κ=0.61; SQR F3D κ=0.66). Conclusion Absolute quantitation proved significantly more accurate than visual and semi-quantitative assessment in diagnosing MRONJ, with higher interobserver agreement.

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Diagnostic tools in maxillofacial fractures: Is there really a need of three-dimensional computed tomography?

Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.4103/0970-0358.191320 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 49 (02) ◽

pp. 225-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sheerin Shah ◽

Sanjeev K. Uppal ◽

Rajinder K. Mittal ◽

Ramneesh Garg ◽

Kavita Saggar

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Clinical Examination ◽

Computed Radiography ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

Conventional Radiography ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Ct Reconstruction ◽

Management Protocol ◽

Maxillofacial Fractures

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Because of its functional and cosmetic importance, facial injuries, especially bony fractures are clinically very significant. Missed and maltreated fractures might result in malocclusion and disfigurement of the face, thus making accurate diagnosis of the fracture very essential. In earlier times, conventional radiography along with clinical examination played a major role in diagnosis of maxillofacial fractures. However, it was noted that the overlapping nature of bones and the inability to visualise soft tissue swelling and fracture displacement, especially in face, makes radiography less reliable and useful. Computed tomography (CT), also called as X-ray computed radiography, has helped in solving this problem. This clinical study is to compare three-dimensional (3D) CT reconstruction with conventional radiography in evaluating the maxillofacial fractures preoperatively and effecting the surgical management, accordingly. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients, with suspected maxillofacial fractures on clinical examination, were subjected to conventional radiography and CT face with 3D reconstruction. The number and site of fractures in zygoma, maxilla, mandible and nose, detected by both the methods, were enumerated and compared. The final bearing of these additional fractures, on the management protocol, was analysed. Results: CT proved superior to conventional radiography in diagnosing additional number of fractures in zygoma, maxilla, mandible (subcondylar) and nasal bone. Coronal and axial images were found to be significantly more diagnostic in fracture sites such as zygomaticomaxillary complex, orbital floor, arch, lateral maxillary wall and anterior maxillary wall. Conclusion: 3D images gave an inside out picture of the actual sites of fractures. It acted as mind’s eye for pre-operative planning and intra-operative execution of surgery. Better surgical treatment could be given to 33% of the cases because of better diagnostic ability of CT.

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3D Alternating Direction TV-Based Cone-Beam CT Reconstruction with Efficient GPU Implementation

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/982695 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ailong Cai ◽

Linyuan Wang ◽

Hanming Zhang ◽

Bin Yan ◽

Lei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Variation ◽

Cone Beam Ct ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Ct Reconstruction ◽

Image Size ◽

Numerical Accuracy ◽

Alternating Direction ◽

Heavy Burden ◽

Ct Data ◽

Gpu Implementation

Iterative image reconstruction (IIR) with sparsity-exploiting methods, such as total variation (TV) minimization, claims potentially large reductions in sampling requirements. However, the computation complexity becomes a heavy burden, especially in 3D reconstruction situations. In order to improve the performance for iterative reconstruction, an efficient IIR algorithm for cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with GPU implementation has been proposed in this paper. In the first place, an algorithm based on alternating direction total variation using local linearization and proximity technique is proposed for CBCT reconstruction. The applied proximal technique avoids the horrible pseudoinverse computation of big matrix which makes the proposed algorithm applicable and efficient for CBCT imaging. The iteration for this algorithm is simple but convergent. The simulation and real CT data reconstruction results indicate that the proposed algorithm is both fast and accurate. The GPU implementation shows an excellent acceleration ratio of more than 100 compared with CPU computation without losing numerical accuracy. The runtime for the new 3D algorithm is about 6.8 seconds per loop with the image size of256×256×256and 36 projections of the size of512×512.

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Corrective Osteotomy of Malunited Diaphyseal Fractures of the Forearm Simplified Using 3-Dimensional CT Data: Proposal of Our Simple Strategy Through Case Presentation

Hand ◽

10.1177/1558944717692087 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. NP95-NP98 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yoshitaka Hamada ◽

Hiroyuki Gotani ◽

Kousuke Sasaki ◽

Yoshitaka Tanaka ◽

Hiroshi Egawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plate Fixation ◽

Corrective Osteotomy ◽

Mirror Image ◽

Full Scale ◽

Ct Reconstruction ◽

Bone Model ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Simple Strategy ◽

Diaphyseal Fractures ◽

Ct Data

Background: Reconstruction of malunited diaphyseal fractures of the forearm is one of the most difficult treatments due to its complicated structure. Widespread usage of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data of 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) and 3D printing can make estimating the true plane of the deformity easy. Methods: A 21-year-old man with limited supination due to left forearm nonunion deformity initially treated by locking plate fixation was referred to our hospital. We evaluated the deformity by superimposing the mirror image bone model of the contralateral normal bone onto a model of the affected bone and 3D real full-scale bone model. Results: The patient underwent a manual corrective osteotomy according to our planning. He had satisfactory improvement of his symptoms with no complications. Conclusions: We postulated that our simple preoperative simulation and manual osteotomy with the aid of 3D CT reconstruction and 3D real full-scale bone model fit in the clinical practice as a recent trend.

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Motion Artifact Reducing Reconstruction of 4D CT Image Data for the Analysis of Respiratory Dynamics

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1160/me9040 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 46 (03) ◽

pp. 254-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

J. Ehrhardt ◽

T. Frenzel ◽

D. Säring ◽

W. Lu ◽

D. Low ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Flow ◽

Motion Analysis ◽

Respiratory Motion ◽

Image Data ◽

Motion Artifacts ◽

Data Sets ◽

Ct Image ◽

Ct Reconstruction ◽

4D Ct ◽

Ct Data

Summary Objectives: Respiratory motion represents a major problem in radiotherapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors. Methods for compensation require comprehensive knowledge of underlying dynamics. Therefore, 4D (= 3D + t) CT data can be helpful. But modern CT scanners cannot scan a large region of interest simultaneously. So patients have to be scanned in segments. Commonly used approaches for reconstructing the data segments into 4D CT images cause motion artifacts. In orderto reduce the artifacts, a new method for 4D CT reconstruction is presented. The resulting data sets are used to analyze respiratory motion. Methods: Spatiotemporal CT image sequences of lung cancer patients were acquired using a multi-slice CT in cine mode during free breathing. 4D CT reconstruction was done by optical flow based temporal interpolation. The resulting 4D image data were compared with data generated bythe commonly used nearest neighbor reconstruction. Subsequent motion analysis is mainly concerned with tumor mobility. Results: The presented optical flow-based method enables the reconstruction of 3D CT images at arbitrarily chosen points of the patient’s breathing cycle. A considerable reduction of motion artifacts has been proven in eight patient data sets. Motion analysis showed that tumor mobility differs strongly between the patients. Conclusions: Due to the proved reduction of motion artifacts, the optical flow-based 4D CT reconstruction offers the possibility of high-quality motion analysis. Because the method is based on an interpolation scheme, it additionally has the potential to enable the reconstruction of 4D CT data from a lesser number of scans.

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Primary Colorectal Cancer: Use of Kinetic Modeling of Dynamic Contrast-enhanced CT Data to Predict Clinical Outcome

Radiology ◽

10.1148/radiol.12120186 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 267 (1) ◽

pp. 145-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Tong San Koh ◽

Quan Sing Ng ◽

Choon Hua Thng ◽

Jin Wei Kwek ◽

Robert Kozarski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Kinetic Modeling ◽

Primary Colorectal Cancer ◽

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Enhanced Ct ◽

Ct Data ◽

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Ct

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First results of spatial reconstruction and quantification of COVID-19 chest CT infiltrates using lung CT analyzer and 3D slicer

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab202.077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

R Bumm ◽

A Lasso ◽

N Kawel-Böhm ◽

A Wäckerlin ◽

P Ludwig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Reconstruction ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Ct Reconstruction ◽

Hounsfield Units ◽

Data Set ◽

3D Slicer ◽

First Results ◽

Patients At Risk ◽

Ct Data ◽

Lung Ct

Abstract Objective Lung CT scans are early diagnostic tests in evaluation of COVID-19 patients. Data are usually analyzed visually and the extent of infiltrations can only roughly be estimated. The aim of the present study was to create a software to spatially visualize and quantify infiltrated and collapsed areas in lung CT scans and set these volumes into relation with non-affected lung areas. Methods A new software "Lung CT Analyzer" (LCTA, 1) was created from scratch in an international team-effort within the 3D medical imaging software 3D Slicer (2). LCTA consists of two components: "Lung CT Segmenter" implements an intuitive and semiautomatic workflow for the generation of lung masks. LCTA then uses masked thresholds of Hounsfield units to detect non-affected versus affected (emphysematous, infiltrated, and collapsed) areas of the lung. Intrapulmonary vessels are subtracted from the other volumes. Segment volumes are expressed in milliliters and displayed in 3D. COVID-Q was defined as affected divided by non-affected volume and can be calculated separately for both lungs. 3D Slicer and LCTA are open source, freely available and maintained on Github. Results CT data of twelve patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 (9 m, 3 f) were selected for the present retrospective study. All scans were performed shortly after admission. Thresholds of Hounsfield units (HU) for areas of interest were defined prior to the study and processing was identical for all patients. The median time effort for 3D reconstruction was 8 minutes per patient. For more detailed results please see the enclosed table. A 3D Slicer demo data set (Control) has been included for comparison. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic promoted fast-paced innovations such as LCTA in our hospital. LCTA was feasible, reproducible and easy to perform. COVID-Q correlated with COVID-19 lung involvement in all cases. All fatal cases showed COVID-Q values of > 2.0. LCTA enabled the serial 3D reconstruction of infiltrated and collapsed lung areas in lung CT scans. The procedure may be of great help in the future analysis of pulmonary infiltrates of any cause. In COVID-19 disease, volumetric lung CT reconstruction could result in the definition of new prognostic factors, identify patients “at-risk” in the ICU, and be useful for follow-up. (1) Lung CT Analyzer: https://github.com/rbumm/SlicerLungCTAnalyzer (2) 3D Slicer: http://slicer.org

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COMPLEX DIAGNOSTICS OF GIFTED CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AGE

Russian Journal of Multilingualism and Education ◽

10.35634/2500-0748-2019-11-40-47 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 40-47

Author(s):

Lydia Konstantinovna Mazunova ◽

Marat Irecovich Gubaidullin ◽

Lilia Rashitovna Khalikova

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Data ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Total Sample ◽

Speech Development ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Gifted Children ◽

Empirical Methods ◽

Successful Development ◽

The Brain

The article describes a set of diagnostic tools to identify the natural potential of a gifted preschooler, it presents the results of diagnosing children and their parents using these tools, as well as their interpretation. The relevance of the formation of a comprehensive diagnosis of giftedness of preschool children is determined by the task of promoting preservation and development of child giftedness, the national gene pool of gifted people in Russia. The novelty of the considered approach to solving the problem of diagnosing children’s giftedness lies in the use of an original set of techniques for determining the profile of the dominant hemispheres of the brain, a psychotype and natural inclinations of the child. The aim of the study is to find an answer to the question concerning the potential of giftedness with which a person is born and the percentage of children endowed with it. Among the research methods employed were such empirical methods as observation and testing with the help of a set of questionnaires and tests, as well as a statistical method for the initial collection and primary processing of quantitative data on natural inclinations, psychotypes, dominant profiles of hemispheric brain activity. The following diagnostic tools were applied: A. I. Savenkov’s questionnaire “Palette of interests” - to determine the natural inclinations of preschoolers,” Psychogeometric test of S. Dellinger (in the adaptation of G. I. Kolesnikova) - to determine a psychotype and the technique of Carla Hannaford - to determine the dominant profile of hemispheric activity of the brain. Among the results obtained, the most significant conclusion is the possibility of identifying a diverse and rich palette of natural inclinations in each child, which will allow individualizing the content aspect of the program and serve as a basic condition for the successful development of natural inclinations of each child. In the total sample of children (1669 questionnaires) more than 82% demonstrated inclinations to 3-4 types of human activity. Also revealed are more poorly developed areas, such as the communicative sphere, which is associated with the lack of live interaction (communication) of the child with adults and peers, and humanitarian, requiring more attention to the speech development of the child. Thus, children of 4-7 years old of both sexes with a dominant profile were characterized by a weak interest in the communicative sphere, the most preferred area for girls was art, and for boys - mathematics and technology

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Internal Mammary Lymph Node Visualization as a Sentinel Sonographic Sign of Tuberculous Pleurisy

Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound ◽

10.1055/a-0879-1758 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (04) ◽

pp. 488-494

Author(s):

Ludovico Messineo ◽

Federico Quadri ◽

Alberto Valsecchi ◽

Sara Lonni ◽

Antonio Palmiotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pleural Effusion ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Characteristic Analysis ◽

Chest Sonography ◽

Internal Mammary ◽

Tuberculous Pleurisy ◽

Ct Data

Abstract Background Tuberculous pleurisy is one of the primary sites of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, but clinicians currently lack the diagnostic tools necessary for early recognition in the absence of typical signs and symptoms. With this study, we aimed to test the association between internal mammary adenopathies and tuberculous pleurisy (TP). Methods 60 patients with a post-thoracoscopic histological diagnosis of granulomatosis or acute infective pleurisy were retrospectively enrolled. All of them had chest sonography and/or CT scan data available. At least two expert chest sonography physicians re-analyzed the sonography images to look for any internal mammary adenopathy. Such findings were compared to the CT data. Results Chest sonography showed internal mammary adenopathy ipsilateral to the pleural effusion in 97 % of 29 patients who had a diagnosis of TP, and in 13 % of those with an acute infective pleurisy (p < 0.001). Receiver operator characteristic analysis revealed 97 % sensitivity and 87 % specificity for this technique in predicting TP (area under curve 0.92 ± 0.04, p < 0.001). CT detection power and node measures were significantly similar (p < 0.001). Conclusion Sonographic internal mammary node visualization ipsilateral to the pleural effusion may become a sentinel sign for TP, contributing to early diagnosis or orienting the diagnostic management towards invasive procedures in uncertain cases.

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3D Data Fusion for Multimodal Inspection of Mechanical Parts

Volume 4: 24th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference ◽

10.1115/detc2004-57679 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Yanyan Wu ◽

Chunhe Gong

Keyword(s):

Data Fusion ◽

Military Medicine ◽

Internal Boundary ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Main Process ◽

Ct Reconstruction ◽

Mechanical Parts ◽

3D Data ◽

Ct Data ◽

The Military

Data fusion is a key step in multimodal inspection of mechanical parts. It combines complementary data from different inspection methods, or “modalities”, to improve inspection accuracy. Data fusion has broad applications in the disciplines of the military, medicine, and geography. It has attracted increasing attention from industry in recent years. However, its industrial application has been limited mainly to 2D (2-Dimensional) domains. The research focus of this work is to develop a data fusion system to automatically fuse and extract the most accurate information from each modality in the domain of 3D. The main process includes automatically filtering and interpolating CMM data, registering CMM data with CT data, detecting the CT slices to generate interpolated CMM constraints for iterative CT reconstruction, and replacing exterior CT data with interpolated CMM data. This technology enables us to achieve high accuracy for external structures and provide constraints for CT reconstruction to improve the accuracy for internal boundary data as well.

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