scholarly journals Lactobacillus frumenti mediates energy production via fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver of early-weaned piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichang Wang ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Wenyong Zheng ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Xinkai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Weaned Piglets

Abstract Background Early-weaning of piglets is often accompanied by severe disorders, especially diarrhea. The gut microbiota and its metabolites play a critical role in the maintenance of the physiologic and metabolic homeostasis of the host. Our previous studies have demonstrated that oral administration of Lactobacillus frumenti improves epithelial barrier functions and confers diarrhea resistance in early-weaned piglets. However, the metabolic response to L. frumenti administration remains unclear. Then, we conducted simultaneous serum and hepatic metabolomic analyses in early-weaned piglets administered by L. frumenti or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Results A total of 100 6-day-old crossbred piglets (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly divided into two groups and piglets received PBS (sterile, 2 mL) or L. frumenti (suspension in PBS, 108 CFU/mL, 2 mL) by oral administration once per day from 6 to 20 days of age. Piglets were weaned at 21 days of age. Serum and liver samples for metabolomic analyses were collected at 26 days of age. Principal components analysis (PCA) showed that L. frumenti altered metabolism in serum and liver. Numerous correlations (P < 0.05) were identified among the serum and liver metabolites that were affected by L. frumenti. Concentrations of guanosine monophosphate (GMP), inosine monophosphate (IMP), and uric acid were higher in serum of L. frumenti administration piglets. Pathway analysis indicated that L. frumenti regulated fatty acid and amino acid metabolism in serum and liver. Concentrations of fatty acid β-oxidation related metabolites in serum (such as 3-hydroxybutyrylcarnitine, C4-OH) and liver (such as acetylcarnitine) were increased after L. frumenti administration. Conclusions Our findings suggest that L. frumenti regulates lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism in the liver of early-weaned piglets, where it promotes fatty acid β-oxidation and energy production. High serum concentrations of nucleotide intermediates, which may be an alternative strategy to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in early-weaned piglets, were further detected. These findings broaden our understanding of the relationships between the gut microbiota and nutrient metabolism in the early-weaned piglets.

IDIOPATHIC HYPERGLYCINEMIA: A NEW DISORDER OF AMINO ACID METABOLISM

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Nyhan ◽  
Margaret Borden ◽  
Barton Childs
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Progressive Decrease

The amino acids of blood and urine have been investigated using chromatography on cation exchange columns in the study of a patient with idiopathic hyperglycinemia. Marked increases in concentrations of glycine, serine, alanine, isoleucine and valine were found in the plasma. These changes were not reflected in increased excretion of these amino acids in the urine (with the exception of glycine). Restriction of the dietary intake of protein resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of glycine and other amino acids in the blood and urine, and there was a concomitant decrease in the frequency and severity of episodes of acute illness. The oral administration of leucine was found to induce a decrease in the levels of a number of amino acids in the patient and in controls. Continued decrease during the 3 hours of observation was noted for serine, isoleucine and valine. A mild but progressive decrease in threonine concentration was observed in the controls, while in the patient the concentration increased after the administration of leucine. Decreased levels at 1½ hours, returning toward the fasting levels at 3 hours, were observed for alanine, taurine and glycine. These apparently normal responses to leucine loads were not mediated through increase in the urinary excretion of the amino acids involved, and the data are interpreted to indicate entry of these amino acids into cells.

scholarly journals Critical role of ASCT2-mediated amino acid metabolism in promoting leukaemia development and progression

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Ni ◽  
Wen-Mei Yu ◽  
Zhiguo Li ◽  
Douglas K. Graham ◽  
Lingtao Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Critical Role

scholarly journals Impaired amino acid metabolism contributes to fasting-induced hypoglycemia in fatty acid oxidation defects

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (25) ◽  
pp. 5249-5261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander M. Houten ◽  
Hilde Herrema ◽  
Heleen te Brinke ◽  
Simone Denis ◽  
Jos P.N. Ruiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Oxidation

scholarly journals Вплив ацетилсаліцилової кислоти на стан гепатоцитів поросят за гастроентериту

2016 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
П. П. Шатохін ◽  
С. О. Кравченко ◽  
Н. С. Канівець ◽  
Л. П. Каришева
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Weaned Piglets

У публікації наведено дані щодо впливу ацетилсаліцилової кислоти (аспірину) на стан гепатоцитів за лікування поросят, хворих на гастроентерит. Визначено активність аспартат- і аланінамінорансферази сироватки крові молодняку відлучного віку, які є інформативними ферментами стосовно обмінних процесів у печінці, а саме обміну амінокислот. Встановлено, що застосування водорозчинного аспірину тваринам з лікувальною метою не має гепатотоксичної дії, на відміну від асглюколу, у разі застосування якого відбувається руйнування гепатоцитів, що підтверджується гіперферментемією АсАТ і  АлАТ. The publication presents data on the effect of acetylsalicylic acid («Aspirin») on the condition of hepatocytes in the treatment of pigs suffering from gastroenteritis. The activity of aspartate and alaninaminoransferaza of serum of weaned piglets, which are informative enzymes of metabolism in the liver, namely amino acid metabolism. It was found that the use of water-soluble «Aspirin» with therapeutic purposes for animals has not hepatotoxic action, unlike «Asglyukol», in the case of which application there is the destruction of hepatocytes, that is evidenced by hyperenzymemia AST and ALT.

M. tuberculosis curli pili (MTP) is associated with alterations in carbon, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism in a THP-1 macrophage infection model

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 104806
Author(s):  
Shinese Ashokcoomar ◽  
Du Toit Loots ◽  
Derylize Beukes ◽  
Mari van Reenen ◽  
Balakrishna Pillay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Macrophage Infection ◽  
Carbon Fatty Acid

The Association of Gut Microbiota with Osteoporosis is Mediated by Amino Acid Metabolism: Multiomics in a Large Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-wen Ling ◽  
Zelei Miao ◽  
Mian-li Xiao ◽  
Hongwei Zhou ◽  
Zengliang Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Serum Metabolomics

Abstract Context Several small studies have suggested that the gut microbiome might influence osteoporosis, but there is little evidence from human metabolomics studies to explain this association. Objective This study examined the association of gut microbiome dysbiosis with osteoporosis and explored the potential pathways through which this association occurs using faecal and serum metabolomics. Methods We analysed the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S rRNA profiling and bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 1776 community-based adults. Targeted metabolomics in faeces (15 categories) and serum (12 categories) were further analysed in 971 participants using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Results This study showed that osteoporosis was related to the beta diversity, taxonomy and functional composition of the gut microbiota. The relative abundance of Actinobacillus, Blautia, Oscillospira, Bacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium was positively associated with osteoporosis. However, Veillonellaceae other, Collinsella and Ruminococcaceae other were inversely associated with the presence of osteoporosis. The association between microbiota biomarkers and osteoporosis was related to levels of peptidases and transcription machinery in microbial function. Faecal and serum metabolomics analyses suggested that tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism and valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation were significantly linked to the identified microbiota biomarkers and to osteoporosis, respectively. Conclusion This large population-based study provided robust evidence connecting gut dysbiosis, faecal metabolomics and serum metabolomics with osteoporosis. Our results suggest that gut dysbiosis and amino acid metabolism could be targets for intervention in osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota development in mice is affected by hydrogen peroxide produced from amino acid metabolism during lactation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 3343-3352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Shigeno ◽  
Haolin Zhang ◽  
Taihei Banno ◽  
Kento Usuda ◽  
Tomonori Nochi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism

scholarly journals Isotopic and genetic methods reveal the role of the gut microbiome in mammalian host essential amino acid metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1922) ◽  
pp. 20192995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth D. Newsome ◽  
Kelli L. Feeser ◽  
Christina J. Bradley ◽  
Caitlin Wolf ◽  
Cristina Takacs-Vesbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Mouse Muscle ◽  
Intestinal Microbes ◽  
Simple Carbohydrates

Intestinal microbiota perform many functions for their host, but among the most important is their role in metabolism, especially the conversion of recalcitrant biomass that the host is unable to digest into bioavailable compounds. Most studies have focused on the assistance gut microbiota provide in the metabolism of carbohydrates, however, their role in host amino acid metabolism is poorly understood. We conducted an experiment on Mus musculus using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and carbon isotope analysis of essential amino acids (AA ESS ) to quantify the community composition of gut microbiota and the contribution of carbohydrate carbon used by the gut microbiome to synthesize AA ESS that are assimilated by mice to build skeletal muscle tissue. The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes inversely varied as a function of dietary macromolecular content, with Firmicutes dominating when mice were fed low-protein diets that contained the highest proportions of simple carbohydrates (sucrose). Mixing models estimated that the microbial contribution of AA ESS to mouse muscle varied from less than 5% (threonine, lysine, and phenylalanine) to approximately 60% (valine) across diet treatments, with the Firmicute-dominated microbiome associated with the greatest contribution. Our results show that intestinal microbes can provide a significant source of the AA ESS their host uses to synthesize structural tissues. The role that gut microbiota play in the amino acid metabolism of animals that consume protein-deficient diets is likely a significant but under-recognized aspect of foraging ecology and physiology.

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