scholarly journals Fibroblast growth factor 21 in dairy cows: current knowledge and potential relevance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Eder ◽  
Denise K. Gessner ◽  
Robert Ringseis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Fgf21 Expression

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been identified as an important regulator of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which plays an important role for metabolic regulation, particularly under conditions of energy deprivation or stress conditions. Dairy cows are subjected to a negative energy balance and various kinds of stress particularly during the periparturient phase and during early lactation. It has been shown that the plasma concentration of FGF21 in dairy cows is dramatically increased at parturition and remains high during the first weeks of lactation. This finding suggests that FGF21 might exert similar functions in dairy cows than in other species, such as mice or humans. However, the role of FGF21 in dairy cows has been less investigated so far. Following a brief summary of the previous findings about the function of FGF21 in humans and mice, the present review aims to present the current state of knowledge about the role of FGF21 in dairy cows. The first part of the review deals with the tissue localization of FGF21 and with conditions leading to an upregulation of FGF21 expression in the liver of dairy cows. In the second part, the influence of nutrition on FGF21 expression and the role of FGF21 for metabolic diseases in dairy cows is addressed. In the third part, findings of exogenous FGF21 application on metabolism in dairy cows are reported. Finally, the potential relevance of FGF21 in dairy cows is discussed. It is concluded that FGF21 might be of great importance for metabolic adaptation to negative energy balance and stress conditions in dairy cows. However, further studies are needed for a better understanding of the functions of FGF21 in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Transient postprandial increase in intact circulating fibroblast growth factor-21 levels after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a randomized controlled clinical trial

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11174
Author(s):  
Mette S. Nielsen ◽  
Susanna Søberg ◽  
Julie B. Schmidt ◽  
Anne Chenchar ◽  
Anders Sjödin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

Background Despite a consistent link between obesity and increased circulating levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21), the effect of weight-loss interventions on FGF21 is not clear. We aimed to determine the short- and long-term effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on intact plasma FGF21 levels and to test the hypothesis that RYGB, but not diet-induced weight loss, increases fasting and postprandial responses of FGF21. Method Twenty-eight participants with obesity followed a low-calorie diet for 11 weeks. The 28 participants were randomized to undergo RYGB surgery at week 8 (RYGB group, n = 14), or to a control group scheduled for surgery at week 12 (n = 14). Fasting levels of intact, biologically active FGF21 (amino acids 1-181) and its postprandial responses to a mixed meal were assessed at week 7 and 11, and 78 weeks (18 months) after RYGB. Results At week 11 (3 weeks after RYGB), postprandial responses of intact FGF21 were enhanced in participants undergoing surgery at week 8 (change from week 7 to 11: P = 0.02), whereas no change was found in non-operated control participants in similar negative energy balance (change from week 7 to 11: P = 0.81). However, no between-group difference was found (P = 0.27 for the group-week-time interaction). Fasting, as well as postprandial responses in intact FGF21, were unchanged 18 months after RYGB when both the RYGB and control group were collapsed together (change from week 7 to 78 weeks after RYGB: P = 0.17). Conclusion Postprandial intact FGF21 levels were enhanced acutely after RYGB whereas no signs of sustained changes were found 18 months after surgery. When comparing the acute effect of RYGB with controls in similar negative energy balance, we failed to detect any significant differences between groups, probably due to the small sample size and large inter-individual variations, especially in response to surgery.

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 on characteristic parameters related to energy metabolism in dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 6343-2019
Author(s):  
YUANYUAN CHEN ◽  
QIAN WU ◽  
YING GAO ◽  
HONGTAO ZHANG ◽  
ZHIHAO DONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Function Index

Negative energy balance (NEB) is a common pathological foundation of fatty liver and ketosis. Liver and fat tissue are the major organs of lipid metabolism, which is also a key metabolic pathway that regulates NEB development during the perinatal period. Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) is a protein hormone that plays an important role in adipose lipid metabolism and liver gluconeogenesis. Our aim was to investigate the effects of exogenous FGF-21 on characteristic parameters related to energy balance in dairy cows. Ten non-pregnant, non-lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were randomly allocated into two groups. The interventions were exogenous FGF-21 injection group received 1 ug/kg BW (body weight) of recombinant bovine FGF-21 by intravenous injection, and control group received physiological saline injections by intravenous injection. In comparison to saline injections, intravenous injections of FGF-21 either increased or tended to increase concentrations of FGF-21 (p < 0.05), BHBA (p < 0.05), adiponectin, leptin and HDL-C. FGF-21 injections decreased or tended to decrease concentrations of insulin, glucose, glucagon (p < 0.05), ALT/GPT (p < 0.05), AST/GOT (p < 0.05), urate, creatinine (p < 0.05), BUN, triglyceride (p < 0.05), T-CHO and LDL-C (p < 0.05). The results indicate that FGF-21 has only negative effects on the metabolites and metabolic hormones related to NEB in serum of dairy cows, but it has more beneficial effects on prominent adipokines, liver function index, renal function index, lipoprotein profiles related to the pathological changes that occurred in NEB.

The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) on Energy Balance, Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cuevas-Ramos ◽  
Paloma Almeda-Valdes ◽  
Carlos Aguilar-Salinas ◽  
Gabriel Cuevas-Ramos ◽  
Andres Cuevas-Sosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

Role of Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) as a prognostic marker for fetal and maternal complications in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Reda Halawa ◽  
Magdy Hassan Kolaib ◽  
Salah Hussein El-Halawany ◽  
Dina Ahmed Marwan ◽  
Ola Mohamed Mostafa Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first diagnosis during pregnancy. While GDM usually resolves following delivery, it can have long-lasting health consequences, including increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the mother, and future obesity, CVD, T2DM, and/or GDM in the child. This contributes to a vicious intergenerational cycle of obesity and diabetes that impacts the health of the population as a whole. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone that is expressed predominantly in the liver, but also in other metabolically active tissues such as pancreas, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. An elevated FGF21 level is also an independent predictor of T2DM. GDM and T2DM are proposed to have similar underlying pathophysiologies, raising the question of whether a similar relationship exists between FGF21 and GDM as it does with T2DM. Objectives assess the role of Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) as a prognostic marker for maternal and fetal complications in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Patients and Methods A case control study that was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and 50 control subjects at Diabetes and Obstetrics outpatient clinic and inpatient ward at Ain Shams university hospitals in the period between December 2018 and July 2019. Patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at 24-28 weeks of gestation were included in this study. Results FGF 21 levels varied significantly with blood sugar values where higher levels of FGF 21 levels were found in patients with GDM with study results showing that FGF 21 can be used as a diagnostic marker for GDM at levels above 121 pg/ml with sensitivity 84% and specificity 92%. Conclusion FGF 21 can be used as a diagnostic marker for gestational diabetes. Further studies needed for better correlation between FGF 21 levels during pregnancy and maternal outcome.

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