scholarly journals The needs and experiences of mothers while in prison and post-release: a rapid review and thematic synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Breuer ◽  
Marc Remond ◽  
Stacey Lighton ◽  
Jane Passalaqua ◽  
Jennifer Galouzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Service Redesign ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women In Prison ◽  
Mother Child Relationship ◽  
Release From Prison

Abstract Background Women in prison are a vulnerable group, often with a history of abuse, out-of-home care, mental health problems and unemployment. Many are mothers when they become involved in the criminal justice system and their gender and parenting related needs are often not considered. The aim of this rapid review was to thematically synthesize the existing research on the needs and experiences of mothers while in, and following release from, prison in Australia. Methods We conducted a rapid systematic search of electronic databases, search engines, the websites of key agencies, and contacted key agencies and researchers. Results Twenty-two publications from 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and were thematically synthesized in relation to the mothers, their children, family and community, and systems and services which mothers had contact with. We found that mothers in prison have a history of disadvantage which is perpetuated by the trauma of imprisonment. Release from prison is a particularly challenging time for mothers. In relation to their children, the included studies showed that the imprisonment of mothers impacts their maternal identity and role and disrupts the mother-child relationship. Specific strategies are needed to maintain the mother-child relationship, and to ensure the needs and rights of the child are met. In relation to family and community, we found that although family and social support is an important need of women in prison, such support may not be available. Moreover, the stigma associated with having been in prison is a significant barrier to transitions into the community, including finding employment and housing. In relation to systems and services, although limited services exist to support women in prison and on release, these often do not consider the parenting role. Evaluations of parenting programs in prison found them to be acceptable and beneficial to participants but barriers to access limit the number of women who can participate. Conclusion Mothers have gender- and parenting-specific needs which should be considered in planning for corrective services in Australia. Any service redesign must place the woman and her children at the centre of the service.

Breastfeeding in Women Having Experienced Childhood Sexual Abuse

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Elfgen ◽  
Niels Hagenbuch ◽  
Gisela Görres ◽  
Emina Block ◽  
Brigitte Leeners
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mother Child Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) can have a serious effect on general and obstetric health. Breastfeeding includes several triggers for memories of abuse experiences, which will likely influence decisions about breastfeeding and its implementation in daily life. This is important since breastfeeding improves maternal well-being and bonding with the child. Research aim: As breastfeeding strongly influences the long-term health of children, we investigated experiences with breastfeeding in women with a history of CSA. Methods: Data on breastfeeding were collected within a research project designed to compare labor and delivery experiences in women with a history of CSA to women without such antecedents. Data from 85 women having experienced CSA and 170 controls pair-matched for maternal age, children’s age, and nationality were evaluated. The clinical record of pregnancy and a self-administered questionnaire were used to collect data. Results: Although the prevalence of breastfeeding was similar in women with and without CSA experiences (96.5% vs. 90.6%), women exposed to CSA more often described complications associated with breastfeeding (77.7% vs. 67.1%, p = .08). Mastitis (49.4% vs. 27.6%, p < .01) and pain (29.4% vs. 18.8%, p = .15) were reported significantly more often by women after CSA. For 20% of women after CSA, breastfeeding was a trigger for memories of CSA. Furthermore, 58% of women with CSA reported dissociation when breastfeeding. Conclusion: In addition to the growing list of potential health consequences of CSA experience, this experience seems to be associated with an increased number of problems when breastfeeding. However, most women with a history of CSA intend to breastfeed despite particular challenges related to CSA. A support protocol tailored to the specific needs of these women during pregnancy and the lactation period may help to improve breastfeeding and the early mother–child relationship.

Mothers' physical abusiveness in a context of violence: Effects on the mother–child relationship

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan G. Timmer ◽  
Dianne Thompson ◽  
Michelle A. Culver ◽  
Anthony J. Urquiza ◽  
Shannon Altenhofen
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Emotional Availability ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Abused Children ◽  
Physically Abused ◽  
Biological Mothers ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mother Child Relationship ◽  
Physically Abused Children

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mothers' physical abusiveness on the quality of the mother–child relationship, and note how it further varied by their exposure to interparental violence (IPV). The sample consisted of 232 clinic-referred children, aged 2 to 7 years, and their biological mothers. Slightly more than a quarter of the children (N = 63, 27.2%) had been physically abused by their mothers; approximately half of these children also had a history of exposure to IPV (N = 34, 54%). Investigating effects of physical abuse in the context of IPV history on mothers' and children's emotional availability, we found that physically abused children with no IPV exposure appeared less optimally emotionally available than physically abused children with an IPV exposure. However, subsequent analyses showed that although dyads with dual-violence exposure showed emotional availability levels similar those of nonabusive dyads, they were more overresponsive and overinvolving, a kind of caregiving controllingness charasteric of children with disorganized attachment styles. These findings lend some support to the notion that the effects of abuse on the parent–child relationship are influenced by the context of family violence, although the effects appear to be complex.

scholarly journals Jung’s and Groddeck’s Analytic Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Marco Balenci
Keyword(s):  
Depth Psychology ◽  
Mirror Neurons ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dialectical Process ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
Analytic Therapy ◽  
Mother Child Relationship

Abstract This paper shows that Georg Groddeck and Carl Gustav Jung shared a common cultural background, in which Carl Gustav Carus’s theory of the psyche was preeminent. Accordingly, they emphasized symbolization and unconscious creativity. These aspects affected their clinical work, aimed at pioneering therapies: Jung with schizophrenics, Groddeck treating physical diseases. They overcame the limits of the psychoanalysis of their time and, going beyond neurosis, discovered the pre-Oedipal period and the fundamental role of mother-child relationship. While Freud’s technique was based on a one-person paradigm, both Jung and Groddeck considered analytic therapy as a dialectical process, ushering in a two-person paradigm. Therefore, they did not use the couch; a setting that is assessed in the light of recent research on mirror neurons. It is also highlighted that the analytic groups influenced by Groddeck and Jung have developed similar ideas in both theory and technique; a fact that may induce further studies on the history of depth psychology.

scholarly journals Victims of Domestic Violence in Shelters: Impacts on Women and Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liria Fernández-González ◽  
Esther Calvete ◽  
Izaskun Orue ◽  
Alice Mauri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Emergency Shelter ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Type Of Abuse ◽  
Mother Child Relationship ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the impact of domestic violence (DV) on women and their children. The records of women who were admitted to one of two types of shelter (an emergency shelter [n = 834] and a medium-long stay shelter [n = 84]) for victims of DV in Bizkaia (Spain) from 2006–2015 were analyzed. The results showed that up to 80% of the women had mental health problems. In about 20% of cases, a problematic mother-child relationship was identified. Inadequate parenting was present in around 35% of cases. Around 80–90% of the children had witnessed the abuse suffered by their mother, and more than half had been direct victims of some type of abuse. The findings point to actions that shelters can take to address the needs of DV victims. They also highlight the need for separate interventions targeting the needs of children, as well as mothers.

Infant-Mother Relations in Ancient Greece

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-420
Author(s):  
HEBMANN VOLLMER
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Know How ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mother Child Relationship

The Fifth Century in Greece, specifically the Pericleic Period in Athens, is regarded as the Golden Age in the history of Western culture. Pericles, a magnanimous statesman with a passion for beauty and sublimity, inspired ingenious forces in others and attracted great men to Athens. Architecture, drama, philosophy, science and medicine flourished and the spirit of Athens profoundly influenced the world. One would like to know how children fared in so great an epoch: their importance within the society; the principles of education; or the concept of an ideal mother-child relationship which we regard as so basic for human development.

Mothers’ History of Child Sexual Abuse and Child Behavior Problems: The Mediating Role of Mothers’ Helpless State of Mind

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnea Linde-Krieger ◽  
Tuppett M. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mother Child Relationship ◽  
The Impact

This investigation evaluated a theoretically specified model of associations among mothers’ history of child sexual abuse (CSA), a helpless state of mind (SOM) with regard to the mother–child relationship, and increased behavior problems in the next generation. Moreover, we evaluated the moderating influence of child gender on predicted relations between mothers’ CSA severity and helpless SOM (i.e., moderated mediation). Participants were 225 biological mother–preschooler dyads (48% female; 46.4% Latinx) drawn from an ongoing, longitudinal study of representation and regulation in child development. Mothers’ history of CSA was assessed when their children were 4 years old and emerged as a prominent risk factor in this diverse, high-risk community sample with 40% of mothers reporting contact-based sexual abuse prior to age 18. Mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect pathway from a continuous rating of mothers’ CSA severity to increased externalizing behavior problems from ages 4 to 8 in the next generation via mothers’ helpless SOM at age 6. Further, this indirect path was significant for mother–daughter dyads, but not for mother–son dyads. This investigation contributes to the neophyte literature on intergenerational CSA effects by revealing the impact of a mother’s CSA history on her SOM regarding the mother–child relationship, particularly when parenting daughters. Clinical interventions that enhance survivors’ awareness of and reflection on their SOM regarding the parent–child relationship may attenuate intergenerational CSA effects on child adaptation.

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