scholarly journals The relationship between reward context and inhibitory control, does it depend on BMI, maladaptive eating, and negative affect?

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afework Tsegaye ◽  
Cuiling Guo ◽  
Gijsbert Stoet ◽  
Renata Cserjési ◽  
Gyöngyi Kökönyei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Reward Condition ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Neutral Context ◽  
Intrinsic Reward ◽  
Maladaptive Eating ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Recent studies suggest that higher Body Mass Index (BMI) is associated with reduced inhibitory control in contexts of palatable food. However, due to limitations of previous studies, it remained the question whether this reduction is specific to food contexts, and whether it generalizes to other contexts of reward, such as money. This main question was addressed in the current study. In addition, we explored the effect of maladaptive eating and stress regarding inhibitory control across the contexts that differed in terms of reward. Methods In total, 46 participants between 19 and 50 years old (39% males and 61% females) with an average BMI of 23.5 (SD = 3.9) participated. Participants filled out questionnaires and performed a go/no-go task (indexing inhibitory control) with three conditions (neutral, food, and money condition). Results Relatively high (above median) BMI was associated with challenged inhibitory control in the food relative to the neutral context, but not in the money relative to neutral context. Explorative analyses suggested that maladaptive eating and stress were associated with reduced inhibitory control in the food context. Only rumination was associated with reduced inhibitory control in the money context. Conclusions The effects of BMI, maladaptive eating behavior, and stress on inhibitory control were specific to the food context, and did not generalize to a non-intrinsic reward condition, operationalized with money pictures. Our results imply that (research on) interventions directed at improving inhibitory control in relation to overweight and obesity, should consider food-reward context.

An Investigation on Extrinsic and Intrinsic Rewards on Employee Retention among Gen Y: A Study in Malaysian Manufacturing Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Extrinsic Reward ◽  
Intrinsic Rewards ◽  
Gen Y ◽  
Intrinsic Reward ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between extrinsic and intrinsic reward on retention among Gen Y employees in Malaysian manufacturing companies. The data was collected from 113 respondents worked in manufacturing companies located in Seri Kembangan, Selangor using questionnaires. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. The results showed both extrinsic and intrinsic reward are the factors influencing retaining Gen Y in manufacturing companies. The discussion on the analysis, limitation of the study, recommendation for future research and conclusion were discussed at the end of this study. In a nutshell, it was proven extrinsic reward and intrinsic reward has contributed to the retention of Gen Y employees.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Inhibitory Control: The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality and Sleep Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Wenrui Zhao ◽  
Fabian Herold ◽  
Boris Cheval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) level and inhibitory control performance and then to determine whether this association was mediated by multiple sleep parameters (i.e., subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbance). Methods: 180 healthy university students (age: 20.15 ± 1.92 years) from the East China Normal University were recruited for the present study. PA level, sleep parameters, and inhibitory control performance were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI), and a Stroop test, respectively. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: A higher level of PA was linked to better cognitive performance. Furthermore, higher subjective sleep quality and sleep efficiency were associated with better inhibitory control performance. The mediation analysis revealed that subjective sleep quality and sleep efficiency mediated the relationship between PA level and inhibitory control performance. Conclusion: our results are in accordance with the literature and buttress the idea that a healthy lifestyle that involves a relatively high level of regular PA and adequate sleep patterns is beneficial for cognition (e.g., inhibitory control performance). Furthermore, our study adds to the literature that sleep quality and sleep efficiency mediates the relationship between PA and inhibitory control performance, expanding our knowledge in the field of exercise cognition.

Does overweight and obesity play a role on inhibitory control of patients under treatment for substance use disorder?

2021 ◽  
pp. 113587
Author(s):  
Dr. Vagner Deuel de O Tavares ◽  
Felipe Barreto Schuch ◽  
Davy Vancampfort ◽  
Matthew Jenkins ◽  
Maria Luiza de Medeiros Rego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Overweight And Obesity

The relationship between acute stress and neurophysiological and behavioral measures of food-related inhibitory control: An event-related potential (ERP) study

Appetite ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 105862
Author(s):  
Whitney D. Allen ◽  
Rebekah E. Rodeback ◽  
Kaylie A. Carbine ◽  
Ariana M. Hedges-Muncy ◽  
James D. LeCheminant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity in 16–18 years old teenagers in South Jakarta and the relationship with academic performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Marie Christabelle ◽  
Bernie Endyarni Medise
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Year

Objective: In different parts of the world, Indonesia included, overweight and obese people are seen to have worse performance compared to their healthy counterparts. Although there were research that had been done to observe the relationship between overweight, obesity, and academic performance, the results obtained were still divided into significantly and non-significantly related.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to 373 students from two different schools in South Jakarta on December 2017–January 2018. Data was obtained by measuring height and weight of the participant to get his/her nutritional status and the average of participant’s odd semester Continual Assessment and Semestral Assessment of Academic Year 2017/2018 to see if the result was higher or equal to the passing grade.Results: Data analysis with chi square test shows that there was no significant relationship between overweight, obesity, and academic performance (p = 0.452 for Indonesian Language and p = 0.476 for Mathematics) although overweight and obese students tend to have better performance in some exam.Conclusion: The events that lead to overweight, obesity, and one’s academic performance are all multifactorial that the relationship between the two is difficult to be determined.

scholarly journals Uncontrolled Eating in Healthy Women Has Limited Influence on Food Reward Sensitivity and Food-Related Inhibitory Control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Grol ◽  
Luis Cásedas ◽  
Danna Oomen ◽  
Desirée Spronk ◽  
Elaine Fox
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating

Uncontrolled eating—in the general population—is characterized by overeating, hedonic hunger and being drawn towards palatable foods. Theoretically, it is the result of a strong food reward signal in relation to a poor ability to exert inhibitory control. How food consumption influences inhibitory control and food reward sensitivity, and how this relates to the continued urge to eat, remains unclear though. We used fMRI (N=40) in order to investigate the neural mechanism underlying food reward sensitivity and food-specific response inhibition (go-nogo task), by comparing women reporting high versus low/average uncontrolled eating across two sessions: during an inter-meal hunger state and after consumption of a high-caloric snack. We found no effects of individual differences in uncontrolled eating, food consumption, nor their interaction on food reward sensitivity. Differences in uncontrolled eating and food consumption did interact in modulating activity in the left superior occipital gyrus during response inhibition of non-food stimuli, an area previously associated with successful nogo- vs. go-trials. Yet, behavioural performance on the go-nogo task was not modulated by uncontrolled eating nor food consumption. Women with a low/average tendency for uncontrolled eating may need more cognitive resources to support successful response inhibition of non-food stimuli during food ‘go’ blocks in an inter-meal hunger state, whereas women with a high tendency for uncontrolled eating showed this after food consumption. Considering current and previous findings, it seems that individual differences in uncontrolled eating in healthy women have only limited influence on food reward sensitivity and food-related inhibitory control, whereas differences in weight status (e.g., obesity) may have more impact.

scholarly journals Association of Beverage Consumption with Obesity in Healthy Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Sirine Maher Zahran
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been found to be an important contributor of calories in the diet. Whether there is an association between the increased consumption of SSBs and the high rates of overweight and obesity is still questionable. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of weight status and beverages consumed of adults in a residential compound in Abu Dhabi.Methods: Forty nine out of 65 residents form Al Reef Villas in Abu Dhabi agreed to participate in the study. Initial assessments including beverages frequency questionnaire and anthropometry measurements were completed for all participants. Participants who were identified as high beverages consumers were invited to a one-month intervention aiming to limit their beverages consumption. A final assessment was completed for all high consumers of beverages at the end of the one-month intervention.Results: 55% of the subjects were overweight or obese, and 51% had abdominal obesity. 73% consumed 100% fruit juices with no added sugar, 65% consumed soft drinks, and 60 % consumed plain milk and milk products. The majority (69%) consumed tea beverages rather than coffee beverages. There was no association between weight & beverages consumption. The mean energy percentage from beverages was 14.2 (± 11.1) among all participants. 53% were considered high consumers of beverages and 47% (n=23) were considered low consumers of beverages. The one-month intervention showed a significant decrease in % of calories from beverages and weight in the overweight & obese intervention group (p<0.001 and p<0.05) respectively.Conclusion: This study highlighted major health problems in Abu Dhabi including high rates of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity. The one-month intervention was effective in reducing the energy percentage from beverages and weight of the overweight and obese participants, but no association was found in this sample between beverages consumption and overweight and obesity.

Associations of fat and carbohydrate intake with becoming overweight and obese: an 11-year longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (7) ◽  
pp. 715-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Jing Cao ◽  
Hui-Jun Wang ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Su-Fen Qi ◽  
Ying-Jun Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Model ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Onset

AbstractThe effects of macronutrient intake on obesity are controversial. This research aims to investigate the associations between macronutrient intake and new-onset overweight/obesity. The relationship between the consumption of carbohydrate and total fat and obesity was assessed by the multivariable Cox model in this 11-year cohort, which included 6612 adults (3291 men and 3321 women) who were free of overweight and obesity at baseline. The dietary intake was recorded using a 24-h recall method for three consecutive days. Moreover, substitution models were developed to distinguish the effects of macronutrient composition alteration from energy intake modification. During 7·5 person years (interquartile range 4·3, 10·8) of follow-up, 1807 participants became overweight or obese. After adjusting for risk factors, the hazard ratio (HR) of overweight/obesity in extreme quintiles of fat was 1·48 (quintile 5 v. quintile 1, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·89; Ptrend = 0·02) in women. Additionally, replacing 5 % of energy from carbohydrate with equivalent energy from fat was associated with an estimated 4·3 % (HR 1·043, 95 % CI 1·007, 1·081) increase in overweight/obesity in women. Moreover, dietary carbohydrate was inversely associated with overweight/obesity (quintile 5 v. quintile 1, HR 0·70, 95 % CI 0·55, 0·89; Ptrend = 0·02) in women. Total fat was related to a higher risk of overweight/obesity, whereas high carbohydrate intake was related to a lower risk of overweight/obesity in women, which was not observed in men.

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