scholarly journals A Guarneri violin in the attic: the power of dendrochronology for analysing musical instruments

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Bernabei
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Supply Information

AbstractDendrochronology is the science that dates wooden artefacts by measuring annual growth rings visible in the wood. And, in the case of musical instruments, the method is non-invasive. In addition, dendrochronology can also help to identify the wood’s provenance and to supply information on how the soundboard was made, giving details of ring width and regularity. This study also demonstrates the effectiveness of dendrochronology in attributing a musical instrument to an important luthier. It deals with a privately owned violin, whose date and origin had previously remained uncertain, despite various attempts to authenticate, at least, its technical and stylistic characteristics. The outermost tree-ring of the instrument’s soundboard was dendrochronologically dated to the year 1696 and attributed, with certainty, to the Italian luthier Giuseppe Guarneri filius Andreae, father of the famous Bartolomeo Giuseppe Guarneri "del Gesù". Thanks to dendrochronology, in this way, a twin of an already existing violin has been identified that was made by the same luthier. Both violins are identical in construction, having the same veining and dimensions, and the wood from the same tree was used in all parts, including the soundboard. Dendrochronology has, thus, been proven to be an extremely useful method, which has transformed a violin of uncertain value into a museum piece.

PERTUMBUHAN LINGKARAN POHON JATI PADA DUA SISTEM KULTUR BERBEDA DI JAWA TIMUR

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iriwi Louisa S. Sinon
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Climate Effect ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Plantation Teak

<p><em>Study dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is defined as the study of chronological sequence of annual growth rings in trees. Teak (Tectona grandis) is one of various tree species that has been identified for the use of tree-ring studies in tropical regions. Teak is found to be suitable for dendrochronology as it is long-lived and develops defined annual growth rings. In Java, teak cans growth naturally or intensively in plantation. The two silviculture conditions will give different sensitivity on climate effect. Therefore, the effect of silviculturer will on natural teak and plantation teak in Saradan, Madiun, and East Java. As a part of the study, ten core samples from natural- growth teak were measured. The samples of growth rings is spanned from 1832 – 2004. Using the COFECHA program, the correlation of the samples (r) was found to be 0.44 point, which is satisfactory to the standard used in dendrochronology. Thus, from this study it can be concluded that natural teak could still be used in dendrochronology, although the sensitivity are not as high as plantation teak. </em></p>

Useful Strategies for the Development of Tropical Tree-Ring Chronologies

IAWA Journal ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Stahle
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Cross Dating

This paper outlines efficient strategies for the development of long, climatically sensitive tree-ring chronologies in the tropics. Effective strategies include sampling useful temperate or subtropical species that extend naturally into the tropics; sampling species in botanical families that have already provided examples useful for dendrochronology (e. g., Pinaceae, Taxodiaceae, Verbenaceae); targeting deciduous species in seasonally dry forests; and sampling species described in the literature or found in xylaria that have promising anatomical features such as ring porosity and marginal parenchyma. Dendrochronology can also be used to test the annual nature of growth banding in tropical species. The cross-dating oflong ring-width time series between individual trees and between multiple sites in a region is strong evidence that the growth rings are indeed synchronized with the annual calendar. This can be confirmed if the ring-width data are also strongly correlated with long annual or seasonalized records of climate variability. Blind cross-dating tests to identify the cutting dates of known-age timbers can provide a final proof that a species produces reliable annual growth rings.

Annual rings in a native Hawaiian tree,Sophora chrysophylla, on Maunakea, Hawaiʻi

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kainana S. Francisco ◽  
Patrick J. Hart ◽  
Jinbao Li ◽  
Edward R. Cook ◽  
Patrick J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Ring Width ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Eastern Tropical Pacific ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Conifer Trees

Abstract:Annual rings are not commonly produced in tropical trees because they grow in a relatively aseasonal environment. However, in the subalpine zones of Hawaiʻi's highest volcanoes, there is often strong seasonal variability in temperature and rainfall. Using classical dendrochronological methods, annual growth rings were shown to occur inSophora chrysophylla, a native tree species on Maunakea, Hawaiʻi. Chronologies were established from nearby non-native, live conifer trees and these were used to verify the dates from a total of 52 series from 22S. chrysophyllatrees, establishing an 86-y chronology (1926–2011). Ring-width patterns were significantly correlated with monthly rainfall from August of the previous year. This study is the first in the eastern tropical Pacific region to demonstrate annual growth rings in trees.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic evaluation regarding the effects of biological corrosion of historical roof trusses

2019 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 07006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Skowroński ◽  
Bohdan Stawiski
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Length ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Evaluation ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Biological Corrosion

For many years work has been performed to obtain sufficiently accurate correlation between the results of ultrasonic tests and the results of strength tests for evaluation of the strength parameters of wood in a structure. It is also important to ensure the development of methods which will facilitate the work of construction mycologists; that is, non-invasive methods of determining the volume of missing materials caused by biological corrosion. The study presents the idea of the objective examination of the thickness of a corroded layer by measuring the velocity of ultrasonic pulse along the fibre length using for this spot heads with thin waveguides. Another testing method presented in the study is controlling the velocity of ultrasonic wave in the direction tangential to annual growth rings by conducting tests on the corner of the corroded beam.

Magnetic resonance imaging of wood

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurance D. Hall ◽  
Vasanthan Rajanayagam ◽  
Wendy A. Stewart ◽  
Paul R. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Scanner ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Do So

A magnetic resonance scanner has been used to obtain images at 0.14 T, based on the water in aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.). In addition to visualization of the expected structural features such as annual growth-rings and knots, several additional features appear that require further study. Kiln-dried wood does not contain sufficient water to give an image, but can do so after impregnation with water.

Annual growth rings in the mangrove Laguncularia racemosa (Combretaceae)

Trees ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Calderucio Duque Estrada ◽  
Cátia Henriques Callado ◽  
Mário Luiz Gomes Soares ◽  
Cláudio Sérgio Lisi
Keyword(s):  
Annual Growth ◽  
Laguncularia Racemosa ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Annual Growth Rings
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