scholarly journals Institutional inertia, local leadership turnover, and changes in the structure of fiscal expenditure

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmin Yao ◽  
Yongyi Zhu ◽  
Kai Yu
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Punctuated Equilibrium ◽  
Local Leadership ◽  
Government Leadership ◽  
Culture And Health ◽  
Leadership Turnover ◽  
Education Culture ◽  
Economic Construction ◽  
Expenditure Structure ◽  
Equilibrium Pattern

AbstractTaking the perspective of local party and government leadership change and using L-kurtosis to analyze provincial panel data in China from 1996 to 2018, this article identifies the structural change pattern of fiscal expenditures. We find that economic construction, science, education, culture, and health expenditures conform to the punctuated equilibrium pattern, while public security expenditures conform to the gradualism pattern. For expenditures under the punctuated equilibrium pattern, the longer the current local leader’s tenure is, the greater the friction with institutional inertia, and the larger the deviation from the average expenditure structure during the previous local leader’s tenure; however, for expenditures under the gradualism pattern, the local leader factor does not have a significant effect. This article also discusses the motivations of new local leaders for adjusting their expenditure structure. In terms of the proportion of economic development expenditures, in targeting expenditures, new leaders are more likely to “strive for the upper ends of the country,” while the expenditures for science, education, culture, and health are targeted to “converge to the national average.”

scholarly journals Impact of the epidemic on the world economy

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 02045
Author(s):  
Zihuan Feng ◽  
Xun Liang ◽  
Binqing Cai
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Culture And Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Education Culture ◽  
Office Software ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the epidemic on the global economy has exposed the fragility and complexity of the internal and external economic system, and the global economic situation is not optimistic. Taking the epidemic as an example, this paper analyzed the impact of emergencies on the global economy from multiple perspectives. The outbreak of the epidemic has made most offline businesses shut down overnight. At the same time, it has also led to the rapid development of online economy, such as online education, home office software, video entertainment and so on. The outbreak and spread of the epidemic has promoted the digital upgrading of all walks of life, including online government affairs, commerce, science, education, culture and health organization, operation and maintenance. The era of digital economy has come, and digitization is the general trend.

Science, Education and Periodical Publications of the Sorbs in the German Democratic Republic and Immediately Following the Fall of Communism

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Petr Kaleta
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
German Society ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
East German ◽  
Education Culture

The political changes in 1989/1990 affected all of East German society, including in particular the country’s ethnic Sorbs. Sorbian institutions that had enjoyed a relatively regular influx of financial resources in the GDR now found themselves in an uncertain situation. The new democratic and liberal society did not guarantee Sorbs their previous certainties in the fields of science, education, culture, and other areas. This article looks at selected institutions to provide an idea of how the transformation process took place. One educational institution that did not survive the collapse of the GDR is the Zentrale sorbische Sprachschule Milkel (Sorb.: Centralna serbska rěčna šula w Minakału), which provided language instruction and an overview of Sorbian history and culture for many people who subsequently went on to work for Sorbian institutions. By comparison, one organization that weathered the changes was the Sorbian Institute, although the dissolution of the Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR necessitated a change in legal form (e.V.). One new institution, whose main task is to distribute financing to the most important Sorbian organizations, is the Foundation for the Sorbian People. Smaller changes affected the Sorbian print media at this time as well.

scholarly journals Potensi Tinggalan Arkeologis di Kawasan Bandar Udara Sam Ratulangi Manado: Upaya Pelestarian, Pemanfaatan, dan Pengembangan bagi Masyarakat

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Irfanuddin W. Marzuki
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Physical Protection ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Education Culture ◽  
Descriptive Method

The area of Sam Ratulangi airport’s Manado has archaeological heritage which has been know as it is closed for public. This research used descriptive method, using inductive reasoning. Meanwhile, the analysis method used morphologyl, technology, and contextual analysis. This research aimed to find out the potential of archaeological heritage in Sam Ratulangi airport area of Manado. In addition to its strategy of preservation the haritage included veilbox, bungker, and waruga. The preservation can be conducted by doing protection, development, and utilization. The preservation both physical and non physical protection. The effort for its development and utilization was conducted for the purpose of science, education, culture, and tourism.Kawasan Bandar Udara Sam Ratulangi Manado mempunyai potensi tinggalan arkeologis yang selama ini tidak diketahui masyarakat luas, dikarenakan letak tinggalan yang berada dalam kawasan tertutup untuk umum. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan penalaran induktif. Metode analisis menggunakan analisis morfologi, teknologi dan kontekstual. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui potensi tinggalan arkeologis yang terdapat di kawasan Bandar Udara Sam Ratulangi dan strategi pelestariannya. Tinggalan arkeologis yang terdapat di kawasan Bandar Udara Sam Ratulangi meliputi veilbox, bungker, dan waruga. Upaya pelestarian dapat dilakukan dengan cara perlindungan, pengembangan dan pemanfaatan. Upaya perlindungan meliputi perlindungan secara fisik dan non fisik. Upaya pengembangan dan pemanfaatan dilakukan untuk kepentingan ilmu pengetahuan, pendidikan, kebudayaan dan pariwisata.

scholarly journals Place-based collaboration: Leadership for a changing world

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Hambleton
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Local Leadership ◽  
Modern Capitalism ◽  
Government Leadership ◽  
Subsequent Discussion ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Civic Leadership ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Placeless power, meaning the exercise of power by decision-makers who are unconcerned about the impact of their decisions on communities living in particular places, has grown significantly in the last thirty years. A consequence is that societies are becoming more unequal. Even in the wealthy global cities modern capitalism is increasing inequality at a formidable rate. In a new book the author provides an international, comparative analysis of the efforts being made by place-based leaders to create inclusive, sustainable cities. This article draws on the evidence presented in the book to suggest that place-based leaders can play a significant role in advancing social justice, promoting care for the environment and bolstering community empowerment. An opening section introduces the idea of place-based power, providing a context for the subsequent discussion. A second section sets out a new way of conceptualising the roles of place-based leaders in any given context, a framework described as the New Civic Leadership. This distinguishes five different realms of civic leadership. The third section provides an example of place-based leadership in action. It outlines the way local leadership has brought about a remarkable transformation of the central area of Melbourne, Australia. A final section presents a comparative discussion of three themes relating to place-based leadership and local collaboration: (i) the changing possibilities for place-based leadership in our rapidly globalising world, (ii) the need for outward-facing local government leadership given the changing nature of public policy challenges and (iii) the role of place-based leadership in bringing about radical public innovation.

The Pattern of Phyletic Speciation

Paleobiology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Petry
Keyword(s):  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Punctuated Equilibrium ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Phenotypic Evolution ◽  
Adaptive Peak ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Equilibrium Pattern

Phyletic speciation arising from a shift between adaptive peaks in the selective surface is modeled. At a locus initially monomorphic, a new allele is introduced that triggers phenotypic evolution by making a new adaptive peak available. A phenotypic model is used to describe the evolution of a quantitative character that is important for fitness but not directly affected by the new allele. Recursion equations are derived for both the allele frequency and the mean of the quantitative character. It is shown that the dynamics of the quantitative trait fit a “punctuated equilibrium” pattern of evolution. Phyletic speciation is seen to occur over a time span so short as to make observation of the transition in the fossil record unlikely.

scholarly journals MATERIAIS AUDIOVISUAIS DIDÁTICOS E EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL NA ESCOLA: UMA PESQUISA NOS ACERVOS VIDEOGRÁFICOS DO MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO E CULTURA E MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE DO GOVERNO BRASILEIRO

2011 ◽  
Vol 08 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Vagner Matias do Prado ◽  
Arilda Inês Miranda Ribeiro ◽  
Luciana Cristine Fazano
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Pedagogical Action ◽  
Departments Of Education ◽  
Teaching Support ◽  
Culture And Health ◽  
Education Culture ◽  
Government Initiative

This article discusses sex differences as a research issue. It starts from the assumption that the work on sex education in schools should be effected beyond the biological dimension, focusing on the historical, cultural, social and political aspects that underlie the issue and influence the construction of cultural identities. In this manner, teaching support materials to implement these interventions are very important for the educational work, among them, the audiovisual materials are very productive. The proposed goal was to conduct a survey of educational videos with the Departments of Education, Culture and Health of the Brazilian Government in order to make a list containing titles of materials that could subsidize the pedagogical action. The measured results show a timid government initiative for the production of these materials, even sexuality shaping up as a crosscutting theme to be included as a school subject.

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