scholarly journals Are suspicious activity reporting requirements for cryptocurrency exchanges effective?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daehan Kim ◽  
Mehmet Huseyin Bilgin ◽  
Doojin Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Portfolio Choice ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Reporting Requirements ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Decision Structure ◽  
Money Launderer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ml Detection

AbstractThis study analyzes the impact of a newly emerging type of anti-money laundering regulation that obligates cryptocurrency exchanges to report suspicious transactions to financial authorities. We build a theoretical model for the reporting decision structure of a private bank or cryptocurrency exchange and show that an inferior ability to detect money laundering (ML) increases the ratio of reported transactions to unreported transactions. If a representative money launderer makes an optimal portfolio choice, then this ratio increases further. Our findings suggest that cryptocurrency exchanges will exhibit more excessive reporting behavior under this regulation than private banks. We attribute this result to cryptocurrency exchanges’ inferior ML detection abilities and their proximity to the underground economy.

scholarly journals The Adoption of Cloud Computing Among Private Banks Employees in Libya

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salem Asseed Alatresh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Performance Expectation ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
It Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

The adoption of cloud computing (CC) by individuals and banking institutions garnered little attention. The goal of this study is to examine the factors that influence the adoption of CC by Libyan private bank personnel. According to the findings, employees' behavioral intention (BI) to adopt CC is significantly influenced by individual elements (performance expectation (PE), effort expectation (EE), social influence (SI), attitude (AT), and IT knowledge (ITK), among others. User happiness with cloud computing has been proposed to moderate the impact of individual elements on BI (SaaS). A total of 309 Libyan bank workers were randomly selected to participate in the study. Analyses of Moment Structures were used in the study (AMOS). The findings of the study show that the BI's use of CC is influenced by a variety of personal circumstances. It was partially mediated by satisfaction in BI's decision to employ CC. Employees at private banks will be more likely to use CC if they focus on their own needs.

The effect of motivation on employee productivity (A case study private bank in Kurdistan regional government)

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Hazhar Omer Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Reward Systems ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
The Impact

This study was purposely conducted to analyze the outcome that motivation has on the performance of workers where private banks in Kurdistan regional government were used. Motivation comes in handy for a firm that wishes to attain its goals and prospects. When the workers are motivated, they improve their commitment to the firm’s objectives and so it is the duty of every firm to incorporate the various motivating factors in their system. This study was based on the analysis of the impact of goals, monetary incentives and recognition and rewards on the worker’s performance. A descriptive research style was used where a sample of 130 employees from the various private banks made up the sample. Questionnaires were used to collect data which was then analyzed and presented on graphs, tables and charts. The study found out that goals were widely used as motivators in the banks. It also found out that the employees were dissatisfied with the salaries they were getting. The recognition and reward systems were also unequitable. The study concluded that the employees in the private banks were not well motivated and recommendations to increase the motivation were given.

scholarly journals The Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Financing: A Perspective of the Private Bank

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 01038
Author(s):  
Binghui Wu ◽  
Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
The Impact

The small and medium-sized enterprises provide much economic dynamism for macroeconomic development in China. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises have to face financing difficulties due to external factors and internal factors, such as the willingness of financial institutions to lend and the low credit of small and medium-sized enterprises. The establishment of private banks plays a very important role in alleviating the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises and eliminating financial suppression. This paper takes the listed small and medium-sized enterprises as samples to study the impact of the development of private banks on the small and medium-sized enterprises financing. The conclusions show that the development of private banks can alleviate the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Investment climate and government turnover in russian regions

2014 ◽  
pp. 88-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Syunyaev ◽  
L. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Regional Data ◽  
Endogenous Property Rights ◽  
The Impact

We study the impact of Russian regional governors’ rotation and their affiliation with private sector firms for the quality of investment climate in Russian regions. A theoretical model presented in the paper predicts that these factors taken together improve “endogenous” property rights under authoritarian regimes. This conclusion is confirmed empirically by using Russian regional data for 2002—2010; early in that period gubernatorial elections had been canceled and replaced by federal government’s appointments. This is an indication that under certain conditions government rotation is beneficial for economic development even when democracy is suppressed.

Interrelationship Among Competition, Diversification and Liquidity Creation: Evidence from Indian Banks

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-204
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sinha ◽  
Naina Grover
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Indian Banks ◽  
The Impact

This study analyses the impact of competition on liquidity creation by banks and investigates the dynamics between diversification, liquidity creation and competition for banks operating in India during the period from 2005 to 2018. Using the broad and narrow measures of liquidity creation, an inverse relationship is determined between liquidity creation and competition. The study also indicates a trade-off between pro-competitive policies to improve consumer welfare and the liquidity-destroying effects of competition, and it highlights how diversification affects liquidity creation. Highly diversified banks in India create less liquidity compared with less-diversified banks, both public and private. The liquidity-destroying effects of competition is intensified among highly diversified private banks, which suggest that diversification has not moderated the adverse impact of competition. JEL Codes: G01, G18, G21, G28

Farm wages and public works

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanika Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Wage Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wage Growth ◽  
State Level ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) on farm sector wage rate. This identification strategy rests on the assumption that all districts across India would have had similar wage trends in the absence of the program. The author argues that this assumption may not be true due to non-random allocation of districts to the program’s three phases across states and different economic growth paths of the states post the implementation of NREGS. Design/methodology/approach – To control for overall macroeconomic trends, the author allows for state-level time fixed effects to capture the differences in growth trajectories across districts due to changing economic landscape in the parent-state over time. The author also estimates the expected farm sector wage growth due to the increased public work employment provision using a theoretical model. Findings – The results, contrary to the existing studies, do not find support for a significantly positive impact of NREGS treatment on private cultivation wage rate. The theoretical model also shows that an increase in public employment work days explains very little of the total growth in cultivation wage post 2004. Originality/value – This paper looks specifically at farm sector wage growth and the possible impact of NREGS on it, accounting for state specific factors in shaping farm wages. Theoretical estimates are presented to overcome econometric limitations.

Investigation on penetration model of shaped charge jet in water

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwei Shi ◽  
Xingbai Luo ◽  
Jinming Li ◽  
Jianwei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Jet Penetration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Penetration Velocity

To analyze the process of jet penetration in water medium quantitatively, the properties of jet penetration spaced target with water interlayer were studied through test and numerical simulation. Two theoretical models of jet penetration in water were proposed. The theoretical model 1 was established considering the impact of the shock wave, combined with the shock equation Rankine–Hugoniot and the virtual origin calculation method. The theoretical model 2 was obtained by fitting theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results. The effectiveness and universality of the two theoretical models were compared through the numerical simulation results. Both the models can reflect the relationship between the penetration velocity and the penetration distance in water well, and both the deviation and stability of theoretical model 1 are better than 2, the lower penetration velocity, and the larger deviation of the theoretical model 2. Therefore, the theoretical model 1 can reflect the properties of jet penetration in water effectively, and provide the reference of model simulation and theoretical research.

Whose risk? Bank de-risking and the politics of interpretation and vulnerability in the Middle East and North Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sherine El Taraboulsi-McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Politics Of Interpretation

Abstract Following the events of 11 September 2001, measures aimed at countering the financing of terrorism (CFT) were intensified by States. Many countries around the world adopted strict anti-money laundering and CFT regulations for the transfer of funds globally. This process increased the costs of complying with regulatory requirements and imposed high penalties on banks for non-compliance. As a result, preventive measures – often known as “de-risking” – were taken up by banks, including terminating the accounts of clients perceived as “high-risk” for money laundering or terrorist financing, and delaying transfers. These measures, however, have had negative consequences, reducing financial access for local civil society organizations in conflict-affected contexts that are deemed high-risk for terrorist activities. Drawing on five years of research to understand the impact of de-risking on conflict-affected contexts from a local perspective, this paper reflects on the local political economy of CFT, with a focus on the Middle East and North Africa. It explores two key areas of inquiry. The first of these is the politics of interpretation – how counterterrorism as a discourse and a set of practices, of which CFT is one, gets interpreted by local authorities and banks, and subsequently gets reinterpreted to the population. This also has implications for which local actors are better positioned to access funds than others, and why. The second area of inquiry is the politics of vulnerability – how the local political economy impact of CFT can increase the social and economic vulnerabilities of some groups more than others. This paper demonstrates that under the guise of “counterterrorism”, local authorities in conflict-affected contexts have used CFT to restrict the non-profit and philanthropic space and are using banking regulations to shape that space in ways that are bound to have negative medium- and long-term implications for it.

Mandatory corporate social responsibility in India: reporting reality, issues and way forward

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Taneja ◽  
Ameeta Jain ◽  
Mahesh Joshi ◽  
Monika Kansal
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
Reporting Requirements ◽  
Expectation Gap ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Since 2013, the Indian Companies Act Section 135 has mandated corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting by Indian central public sector enterprises (CPSEs). CSR reporting is regulated by multiple Government of India ministerial agencies, each requiring different formats and often different data. This study aims to understand the impact of these multiple regulatory bodies on CSR reporting by Indian CPSEs; evaluate the expectation gap between regulators and the regulated; and investigate the compliance burden on CPSEs. Design/methodology/approach An interview-based approach was adopted to evaluate the perspectives of both regulators and regulated CPSEs on the impact of the new regulations on CSR reporting quality. The authors use the lens of institutional theory to analyse the findings. Findings Driven by coercive institutional pressures, CPSEs are overburdened with myriad reporting requirements, which significantly negatively impact CPSEs’ financial and human resources and the quality of CSR activity and reports. It is difficult for CPSEs to assess the actual impact of their CSR activities due to overlapping with activities of the government/other institutions. The perceptions of regulators and the regulated are divergent: the regulators expect CPSEs to select more impactful CSR projects to comply with mandatory reporting requirements. Originality/value The findings of this study emphasise the need for meaningful dialogue between regulators and the regulated to reduce the expectation gap and establish a single regulatory authority that will ensure that the letter and spirit of the law are followed in practice and not just according to a tick-box approach.

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