scholarly journals Mass media exposure and its impact on malaria prevention behaviour among adult women in sub-Saharan Africa: results from malaria indicator surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanni Yaya ◽  
Olalekan A. Uthman ◽  
Agbessi Amouzou ◽  
Ghose Bishwajit
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Mass Media Exposure

scholarly journals Mass Media Exposure and Safer Sex Negotiation among Women in Sexual Unions in Sub-Saharan Africa: Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Richard Gyan Aboagye ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Collins Adu ◽  
John Elvis Hagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Mass Media Exposure

(1) Background: Improving sexual autonomy among women in sexual unions comes with various benefits, including the reduction of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections. We examined the relationship between mass media exposure and safer sex negotiation among women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). (2) Methods: The study involved a cross-sectional analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data of 29 sub-Saharan African countries. A total of 224,647 women aged 15–49 were included in our analyses. We examined the association between mass media exposure and safer sex negotiation using binary logistic regression analysis. The results are presented using a crude odds ratio (cOR) and adjusted odds ratio (aOR), with their respective confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. (3) Results: The overall prevalence of safer sex negotiation among women in sexual unions in SSA was 71.6% (71.4–71.8). Women exposed to mass media had higher odds of negotiating for safer sex compared with those who had no exposure (aOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.86–2.02), and this persisted after controlling for covariates (maternal age, wealth index, maternal educational level, partner’s age, partner’s educational level, sex of household head, religion, place of residence, and marital status) (aOR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.35–1.46). The disaggregated results showed higher odds of safer sex negotiation among women exposed to mass media in all the individual countries, except Ghana, Comoros, Rwanda, and Namibia. (4) Conclusions: The findings could inform policies (e.g., transformative mass media educational seminars) and interventions (e.g., face-to-face counselling; small group sensitization sessions) in SSA on the crucial role of mass media in increasing safer sex practice among women in sexual unions. To accelerate progress towards the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal five’s targets on empowering all women and safeguarding their reproductive rights, the study recommends that countries such as Ghana, Comoros, Rwanda, and Namibia need to intensify their efforts (e.g., regular sensitization campaigns) in increasing safer sex negotiation among women to counter power imbalances in sexual behaviour.

scholarly journals Association between media exposure and family planning in Myanmar and Philippines: evidence from nationally representative survey data

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranta Das ◽  
Nandeeta Samad ◽  
Hasan Al Banna ◽  
Temitayo Eniola Sodunke ◽  
John Elvis Hagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Mass Media Exposure

Abstract Background Although women in South Asia and South-east Asia have developed their knowledge regarding modern contraceptive and other family planning techniques, limited information exists on the influence of mass media exposure on the utilization of contraceptives and family planning. The current study examined the association between media exposure and family planning in Myanmar and Philippines. Methods The study analyzed data from the 2017 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) and 2015–16 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS). Three family planning indicators were considered in this study (i.e., contraceptive use, demand satisfied regarding family planning and unmet need for family planning). A binary logistic regression model was fitted to see the effect of media exposure on each family planning indicator in the presence of covariates such as age group, residence, education level, partner education level, socio-economic status, number of living children, age at first marriage, and working status. Results The prevalence of contraception use was 57.2% in the Philippines and 55.7% in Myanmar. The prevalence of demand satisfied regarding family planning was 70.5 and 67.1% in the Philippines and Myanmar respectively. Unmet need regarding family planning was 16.6% and 19.9% in the Philippines and Myanmar respectively. After adjusting for the covariates, the results showed that women who were exposed to media were more likely to use contraception in Philippines (aOR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.42–3.54) and Myanmar (aOR 1.39, 95% CI = 1.15–1.67). Media exposure also had a significant positive effect on demand satisfaction regarding family planning in the Philippines (aOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.42–3.37) and Myanmar (aOR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.09–1.64). However, there was no significant association between media exposure and unmet need in both countries. Conclusions The study established a strong association between mass media exposure and the use and demand satisfaction for family planning among married and cohabiting women in Philippines and Myanmar. Using mass media exposure (e.g., local radio, television- electronic; newspapers) to increase both access and usage of contraceptives as well as other family planning methods in these countries could be pivotal towards the attainment of United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) of improving maternal health.

Opinion Leaders and the Mass Media in Rural Egypt: A Reconsideration of the Two-Step Flow of Communications Hypothesis

1971 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliya F. Harik
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Step Flow ◽  
Policy Information ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
Mass Media Exposure

This study is based on a survey conducted by the author in a rural community in Egypt (a) to determine how mass media messages reach the population, (b) to identify opinion leaders, and (c) to assess the relation between mass media exposure and political awareness.The data from this survey were used to test the two-step flow of communications hypothesis of Lazarsfeld and colleagues and to compare the effects of the mass media and opinion leaders on the public. Analysis of the data did not support the two-step flow of communications hypothesis; instead it was noted that the greater the exposure to the mass media, the more direct is the flow of communications.Opinion leaders reached a smaller and less educated section of the population and were found to be the elected and official representatives of the village organizations rather than shopkeepers, teachers, and clergy. Finally, it was found that opinion leaders were specialized, each conveying policy information relevant to his role in the community. The flow of communications was found to be functional and organized rather than casual and haphazard as is usually the case in transmitting non-functional information.The last part of this article deals with the relation between exposure to the mass media and political awareness. Indices were constructed to give each respondent a score on the degree of exposure to the mass media and another on his level of political awareness. Analysis showed that mass media exposure and political awareness are directly related (r = .53). It was also found that those who had direct access to the mass media were more sensitized to political news than those who had no such access, thus underlining the politicization role of the mass media.Finally, the article compares the degree of correlation between mass media exposure and political awareness with similar correlations obtained in rural areas in Latin America.

scholarly journals The role of mass media exposure on tuberculosis knowledge and attitude among migrant and seasonal farmworkers in Northwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassahun Alemu Gelaye ◽  
Getu Debalkie ◽  
Tadesse Awoke Ayele ◽  
Sintayehu Daba Wami ◽  
Malede Mequanent Sisay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Migrant And Seasonal Farmworkers ◽  
Seasonal Farmworkers ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Mass Media Exposure

scholarly journals Trends and inequalities in the nutritional status of adolescent girls and adult women in sub-Saharan Africa since 2000: a cross-sectional series study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. e002948
Author(s):  
Safia S Jiwani ◽  
Giovanna Gatica-Domínguez ◽  
Inacio Crochemore-Silva ◽  
Abdoulaye Maïga ◽  
Shelley Walton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan

IntroductionEvidence on the rate at which the double burden of malnutrition unfolds is limited. We quantified trends and inequalities in the nutritional status of adolescent girls and adult women in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsWe analysed 102 Demographic and Health Surveys between 1993 and 2017 from 35 countries. We assessed regional trends through cross-sectional series analyses and ran multilevel linear regression models to estimate the average annual rate of change (AARC) in the prevalence of underweight, anaemia, anaemia during pregnancy, overweight and obesity among women by their age, residence, wealth and education levels. We quantified current absolute inequalities in these indicators and wealth-inequality trends.ResultsThere was a modest decline in underweight prevalence (AARC=−0.14 percentage points (pp), 95% CI −0.17 to -0.11). Anaemia declined fastest among adult women and the richest pregnant women with an AARC of −0.67 pp (95% CI −1.06 to -0.28) and −0.97 pp (95% CI −1.60 to -0.34), respectively, although it affects all women with no marked disparities. Overweight is increasing rapidly among adult women and women with no education. Capital city residents had a threefold more rapid rise in obesity (AARC=0.47 pp, 95% CI 0.39, 0.55), compared with their rural counterparts. Absolute inequalities suggest that Ethiopia and South Africa have the largest gap in underweight (15.4 pp) and obesity (28.5 pp) respectively, between adult and adolescent women. Regional wealth inequalities in obesity are widening by 0.34 pp annually.ConclusionUnderweight persists, while overweight and obesity are rising among adult women, the rich and capital city residents. Adolescent girls do not present adverse nutritional outcomes except anaemia, remaining high among all women. Multifaceted responses with an equity lens are needed to ensure no woman is left behind.

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