scholarly journals The olfactory organ of schilbid catfish Eutropiichthys vacha (Hamilton, 1822): morphological and ultrastructural studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Kumar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Olfactory Organ ◽  
Sensory Receptor ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Olfactory Cells ◽  
Sensory Receptor Cells ◽  
Olfactory Organs

Abstract Background A study of the olfactory organ structure in freshwater catfish, Eutropiichthys vacha, was carried out to explore the cellular constituents by aid of light as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Results The paired elongated olfactory organs were situated on the dorsolateral facet of the head in the mold of simple pits. The olfactory organ was made up of a series of leaflets, the lamellae, which embedded into both sideways of slender central raphe, forming a rosette distinguished with sensory and nonsensory areas. The sensory receptor cells were present on sideward surface and linguiform process of olfactory lamella while the rest of the portion of the lamella was lined with nonsensory epithelium. Olfactory cells were characterized by their staining intensity, outline, surface features, and comprehensive morphology in the epithelium. The sensory mucosa was defined by the occurrence of three types of neuron: classic types bearing either cilia or numerous microvilli and third type having rod-shaped architecture. The nonsensory epithelium was composed of mucous cells, labyrinth cells, mast cells, and two types of supporting cells categorized as ciliated or nonciliated. Basal cells lie deep in the olfactory lining, near the central core. Conclusion The structural components of the olfactory apparatus crucial for olfaction were correlated with the behavioral activities of fish.

scholarly journals Histoanatomy and surface ultrastructure of the olfactory organ of the freshwater tank goby, Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton, 1822)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Saroj Kumar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Olfactory Organ ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Receptor Cells ◽  
Mucosal Lining ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Glossogobius Giuris

AbstractCharacteristic features of histology and fine morphology of the olfactory organ in the tank goby, Glossogobius giuris (Perciformes, Gobiidae, Gobiinae), were investigated with light and scanning electron microscopy. The olfactory cavity contained single lamellae that were exposed to the aquatic environment by small anterior and posterior nostrils. Typical olfactory rosettes were not observed. Histologically, each lamella consisted of two layers of epithelium; wrapping the central core that was composed of connective tissue stroma with nerve fibers and blood capillaries. The mucosal lining of lamella was merged with sensory and non-sensory olfactory cells, identified on the basis of structural characters, surface specializations, and staining features. The principal sensory elements were ciliated receptor cells that were characterized by apical dendritic processes expanded from cell soma and microvillous receptor cells equipped with multiple tiny dendrons on the mucosal surface. The bead-like appearance of several labyrinth cells, mucous cells with secreted mucin, scattered lymphatic cells, stratified epithelial cells bearing microfolds, and condensed ciliated supporting cells were observed in the non-sensory epithelia. Undifferentiated basal cells were embedded in the deeper zone of the epithelium above the basement membrane. The cellular organization of the olfactory lining was interpreted with chemoreception of the fish concerned.

scholarly journals Postnatal Development of the Subcellular Structures and Purinergic Signaling of Deiters’ Cells along the Tonotopic Axis of the Cochlea

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Berekméri ◽  
Ádám Fekete ◽  
László Köles ◽  
Tibor Zelles
Keyword(s):  
Purinergic Signaling ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Sensory Receptor ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Sensory Receptor Cells ◽  
Single Cell Electroporation ◽  
First Time

Exploring the development of the hearing organ helps in the understanding of hearing and hearing impairments and it promotes the development of the regenerative approaches-based therapeutic efforts. The role of supporting cells in the development of the organ of Corti is much less elucidated than that of the cochlear sensory receptor cells. The use of our recently published method of single-cell electroporation loading of a fluorescent Ca2+ probe in the mouse hemicochlea preparation provided an appropriate means to investigate the Deiters’ cells at the subcellular level in two different cochlear turns (apical, middle). Deiters’ cell’s soma and process elongated, and the process became slimmer by maturation without tonotopic preference. The tonotopically heterogeneous spontaneous Ca2+ activity less frequently occurred by maturation and implied subcellular difference. The exogenous ATP- and UTP-evoked Ca2+ responses were maturation-dependent and showed P2Y receptor dominance in the apical turn. By monitoring the basic structural dimensions of this supporting cell type as well as its spontaneous and evoked purinergic Ca2+ signaling in the hemicochlea preparation in different stages in the critical postnatal P5-25 developmental period for the first time, we showed that the soma and the phalangeal process of the Deiters’ cells go through age- and tonotopy-dependent changes in the morphometric parameters and purinergic signaling.

Olfactory organ morphology and histology in the yellow perch and golden shiner

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2987-2990
Author(s):  
John Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Olfactory Organ ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Sustentacular Cells ◽  
Golden Shiner ◽  
Olfactory Organs

The structure of the olfactory organs of adult yellow perch Perca flavescens and golden shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas is described. The yellow perch has 14–16 primary lamellae and the golden shiner 17–20. Yellow perch olfactory epithelium is best developed in the proximal portions of the lamellae and consists of basal cells, sensory cells, and ciliated and unciliated sustentacular cells. Distal regions of the lamellae are made up of mucous cells and undifferentiated epithelium. The general structure of the yellow perch olfactory organ is similar to that of the Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilus. In the shiner sensory cells are organized into clusters. These clusters are interspersed throughout the epithelium and are surrounded by mucous and unciliated sustentacula cells. Ciliated sustentacular cells are rare, while neural pits are common. This type of epithelial organization has not previously been described from cyprinids.

Cell differentiation in the olfactory pit of the chick embryo

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 622-623
Author(s):  
S. Kasuga ◽  
M. Okano ◽  
Y. Sugawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Cellular Differentiation ◽  
Olfactory Organ ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Olfactory Placode ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Olfactory Pit ◽  
Scanning Electron

It is well known that the development of the olfactory organ derives from the epithelium lining the surface of the olfactory pit which developed from the ectodermal olfactory placode. The development of the olfactory epithelium has been explored in the chick embryo(Robecchi; 1972, Breipohl and Fernandez;1977) and the mouse embryo(Cuschieri and Bannister;1975, Graziadei and Okano;1978) to a certain extent.In order to investigate the cellular differentiation of chemoreceptor cells in the olfactory organ proimordium, the olfactory placode of the chick embryo(50-53 incubation hours, Hamburger and Hamilton, 1951) and the olfactory pit of the chick embryo(52-69 incubation hours, HH) are utilized in this study with the aid of a scanning and a transmission electron microscope.Olfactory placode; the placode is recognized on the antero-lateral aspect of the head of the chick embryo(50-53 incubation hours, HH), and distingwished from the general surrounding ectoderm as a circular territory of 140 μm in diameter, and the cellular arrangement at the placode surface observed by a scanning electron microscope is characteristic and recognized as a rosette consisted from several oval swollen cellular endings (olfactory. vesicles) which have a single cilium and few microvilli, and the other intercalated cellular elements(supporting cells) (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Morphology and histology of the olfactory organ of two African lungfishes, Protopterus amphibius and P. dolloi (Lepidosirenidae, Dipnoi)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Tae Kim ◽  
Jong Young Park
Keyword(s):  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sensory Epithelium ◽  
Olfactory Organ ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Olfactory Organs

AbstractThe olfactory organs of two African lungfishes,Protopterus amphibiusandP. dolloi, were investigated using a stereo microscope and a compound light microscope and were described anatomically, histologically, and histochemically. Like other lungfishes, these species present the following general features: i) elongated olfactory chamber (OC), ii) anterior nostril at the ventral tip of the upper lip, iii) posterior nostril on the palate of the oral cavity, iv) lamellae with multiple cell types such as olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, basal cells, lymphatic cells, and mucous cells (MC), and vi) vomero-like epithelial crypt (VEC) made of glandular epithelium (GE) and crypt sensory epithelium. Some of these features exhibit differences between species: MCs are abundant in both the lamellar and inner walls of the OC inP. amphibiusbut occur only in lamellae inP. dolloi. On the other hand, some between feature differences are consistent across species: the GE of bothP. amphibiusandP. dolloiis strongly positive for Alcian blue (pH 2.5)-periodic acid Schiff (deep violet coloration), and positive with hematoxylin and eosin and with Masson’s trichrome (reddish-brown staining), unlike the MCs of the two species which stain dark red with both Alcian blue (pH 2.5)-periodic acid Schiff and Masson’s trichrome but respond faintly to hematoxylin and eosin. The differing abundance of MCs in the two lungfishes might reflect different degrees in aerial exposure of the olfactory organ, while the neutral and acid mucopolysaccharide-containing VEC, as indicated by staining properties of the MCs, is evolutionary evidence thatP. amphibiusandP. dolloiare the closest living relatives to tetrapods, at least in the order Dipnoi.

Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of Endomentrium in Women Wearing TCu-380-A IUD 's

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 666-667
Author(s):  
A. Gonzalez Angulo ◽  
R. Berlioz ◽  
R. Aznar
Keyword(s):  
Copper Wire ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Secretory Phase ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Proliferative Phase ◽  
Contraceptive Devices ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Intrauterine Contraceptive ◽  
Myelin Figure

Recent ultrastructural studies on endometrial tissues from women wearing copper, wire intrauterine devices have disclosed morphological evidence of impaired glycogen degradation and secretion resulting in interference with the viability of blastocysts. Reduced microapocrine secretion observed with the scanning electron microscope supports this (1). In addition, organelle modifications have been observed in the epithelial cells of these women. The changes are seen in biopsies taken in the proliferative phase of the cycle and consist of mitochondrial vacuolation and myelin figure formation. These modifications disappear in the secretory phase and therefore have been regarded as reversible (2).The aim of the present studies was to investigate surface epithelial changes as well as organelle modifications in relation to the site of contact with an IUD that releases greater amounts of copper. Endometrial tissue was obtained from the uterine cavity of four young women wearing TCu-380-A intrauterine contraceptive devices for 4-6 weeks.

Selection and Preparation of Specific Tissue Regions For Tem Using Large Epoxy-Embedded Blocks

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 324-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Lowrie ◽  
W. S. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Specific Tissue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Selection Of

The importance of examining stained 1 to 2μ plastic sections by light microscopy has long been recognized, both for increased definition of many histologic features and for selection of specimen samples to be used in ultrastructural studies. Selection of specimens with specific orien ation relative to anatomical structures becomes of critical importance in ultrastructural investigations of organs such as the lung. The uantity of blocks necessary to locate special areas of interest by random sampling is large, however, and the method is lacking in precision. Several methods have been described for selection of specific areas for electron microscopy using light microscopic evaluation of paraffin, epoxy-infiltrated, or epoxy-embedded large blocks from which thick sections were cut. Selected areas from these thick sections were subsequently removed and re-embedded or attached to blank precasted blocks and resectioned for transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Ultrastructural studies of the relationship between actin filaments and secretory granules

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
Ellen Holm Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Granule Membrane ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Lowicryl K4m

In secretory cells a dense and complex network of actin filaments is seen in the subplasmalemmal space attached to the cell membrane. During exocytosis this network is undergoing a rearrangement facilitating access of granules to plasma membrane in order that fusion of the membranes can take place. A filamentous network related to secretory granules has been reported, but its structural organization and composition have not been examined, although this network may be important for exocytosis.Samples of peritoneal mast cells were frozen at -70°C and thawed at 4°C in order to rupture the cells in such a gentle way that the granule membrane is still intact. Unruptured and ruptured cells were fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde and 0.075% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in ethanol. For TEM (transmission electron microscopy) cells were embedded in Lowicryl K4M at -35°C and for SEM (scanning electron microscopy) they were placed on copper blocks, critical point dried and coated. For immunoelectron microscopy ultrathin sections were incubated with monoclonal anti-actin and colloidal gold labelled IgM. Ruptured cells were also placed on cover glasses, prefixed, and incubated with anti-actin and colloidal gold labelled IgM.

Ultrastructural studies on Orbilia luteorubella (Discomycetes)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (17) ◽  
pp. 2006-2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald L. Benny ◽  
Don A. Samuelson ◽  
James W. Kimbrough
Keyword(s):  
Green Alga ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Spore Body ◽  
Discharge Mechanism ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopic

Transmission electron microscopic observations made on the ascus tip of Orbilia luteorubella showed that it is truncate and that the outer ascus wall is relatively thicker at the shoulders than on the top or sides. There is no demonstrable discharge mechanism in the ascal apex of this fungus comparable with that found in the ascus tip of other supposedly related inoperculate Discomycetes, including Mollisia cinerea.Ascospores of O. luteorubella contain a single, electron-opaque spore body that appears to evolve from a mitochondrion that is attached, at one end, to the inner wall of the spore apiculus. The function of the spore body is unknown.A blue-green alga, probably of the genus Anacystis, is associated with this and at least one other Orbilia species. Since these Orbilia species are here shown to be lichenized and they do not have an ascal pore discharge mechanism, the transfer of these fungi from the Helotiales is proposed. They can probably best be treated as lichens of uncertain affinities, perhaps related to those members of Lecanorales with iodine-negative asci.

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