scholarly journals IN VITRO EFFICACY OF PGPR PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO CAUSED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vignesh ◽  
K. Rajamohan ◽  
P. Balabaskar ◽  
R. Anandan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Percent Inhibition

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important, commercial and widely grown vegetable crop in the world. Tomato plays a critical role in nutritional food requirements, income and employment opportunities for the people. However, its production is threatened by the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and production losses between 30%to40%. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the in vitro efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. The antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens were observed by the Dual culture technique and Agarwell method under the in vitro conditions.Among the ten isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens, isolate Pf5 found to show the maximum percent inhibition over control (58.75%) and least mycelial growth (37.12mm) in dual culture technique against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. In Agar well method isolate Pf5 proved out the maximum inhibition zone (17.47mm)against Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. lycopersici and percent inhibition over control (80.97%) at 30% concentration level.

Evaluation of Pseudomonas fluorescens Strains, Fungicides and Non-conventional Chemicals Against Botyrotinia ricini Causing Grey Mold Disease in Castor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-347
Author(s):  
S. Ameer Basha ◽  
◽  
V. Ramya ◽  
A. Sajeli Begum ◽  
G. Raghavendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Grey Mold ◽  
Time Periods

A study was made to evaluate the efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens strains, fungicides and non-conventional chemicals against Botryotinia ricini, causing grey mold disease in castor, under in vitro conditions. Among the 40 strains isolated from rhizosphere soil samples of different crops across the State of Telangana, India, only eight strains inhibited the growth of B. ricini under dual culture technique, of which strains Pf 21 (90.56%), Pf 23 (88.89%), Pf 34 (86.11%) and Pf 36 (84.17%) were the most effective. Among the seven chemicals (four fungicides and three non-conventional chemicals) tested for their efficacy, carbendazim followed by propiconazole had significant antagonistic effect against B. ricini. Exposure of healthy castor capsules to B. ricini and P. fluorescens for different time periods revealed that strains Pf 34 and Pf 36 were effective in completely inhibiting the growth of B. ricini and hence these two strains have been identified as effective biocontrol agents, on par with carbendazim, which offer scope for sustainable and integrated disease management of grey mold disease in castor.

In vitro evaluation of bio-agents against Pyricularia oryzae (Cav.) causing rice blast disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar Kulmitra ◽  
Neha Sahu ◽  
V.B. Sanath Kumar ◽  
Thejesha A. G. ◽  
Amlan Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Dual Culture

The five different bio-agents viz., Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, T. virens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated against Pyricularia oryzae at four and eight days after incubation through dual culture technique. Among the five different bio-agents, highest per cent inhibition of mycelial growth of fungus was recorded in T. virens i.e. 67 per cent and 70 percent after four and eight days after incubation respectively with mean of 68.5 per cent followed by Trichoderma viride with the inhibition of 61 and 63 per cent respectively with mean of 62 per cent. The Pseudomonas fluorescens did not show any inhibition of mycelial growth of P. oryzae as the pathogen over grew the bio-agents.

scholarly journals In Vitro Inhibition of Cellulolytic Enzymes of Fusarium Oxysporum by Trichoderma spp and Pseudomonas Fluorescens on Arachis Hypogaea L

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
P. Rajeswari
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
In Vitro Inhibition

In an attempt to develop biocontrol system for management of Fusarium wilt in groundnut, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum,and Pseudomonas fluorescens were evaluated for their antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum in vitro. .Fusarium wilt diseasescaused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum lead to significant yield losses of crops. Experiments were conducted on the effect of culture filtratesof T.viride (1%), T. harzianum (1.5%), and P. fluorescens (2%) on the in vitro inhibition of cellulolytic enzymes of Fusarium oxysporum. Theactivity of 1,4 endoglucanases, 1,4exoglucanase Cellobiase produced by Fusariumoxysporum was higher, when compared to control.Maximum inhibition of above Cellulolytic enzymes (1, 4 endoglucanases, 1,4exoglucanase, Cellobiase) was shown by T. viride treatment wasfollowed by T. harzianum and P. fluorescens. Of all the treatments, T. viride treatment showed higher rate of inhibition of Cellulolytic enzymesof Fusarium oxysporum followed by that of T. harzianum and P. fluorescens.This present study indicates that culture filtrate of T.viride(1%)is the best biocontrol agent in the inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt of Arachis hypogaea .LDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.12138    Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 3(1): 106-110 

scholarly journals Antagonism of Pseudomonas fluorescens from plant roots to Rigidoporus lignosus pathogen of rubber white roots in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
NURHAYATI DAMIRI ◽  
MULAWARMAN MULAWARMAN ◽  
RAHIM S EFFENDI
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Rigidoporus Lignosus ◽  
Roots In Vitro

Abstract. Damiri N, Mulawarman, Effendi RS. 2019. Antagonism of Pseudomonas fluorescens from plant roots to Rigidoporus lignosus pathogen of rubber white roots in vitro. Biodiversitas 20: 1549-1554. Indonesia's rubber productivity is still relatively low. This low productivity of rubber can be caused by many factors such as the attack of Rigidoporus lignosus. This study aims to explore antagonistic bacteria from the plant roots and test their antagonism ability to R. lignosus at the laboratory level. This research was conducted at the Laboratory at the Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya Ogan Ilir District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Corporate and bacterial isolations are carried out by serial dilution method. In-vitro testing of antagonistic bacteria was carried out using the dual-culture technique method on sterile PDA media by direct opposition between R. lignosus culture and antagonistic bacteria explored. Results of the study showed that a number of bacterial isolates existed there, namely 11 bacterial isolates belonging to Pseudomonas fluorescens, four from turmeric roots, three from the roots of rubber seedlings, two from galangal roots and two from the roots of yielding rubber plants. P. fluorescens from roots of turmeric, rubber seedlings, rubber, and galangal was able and had the potential to be developed as biopesticide to control R. lignosus. The best isolate in suppressing the growth and development of R. ligonosus is P. fluorescens isolates from the roots of turmeric and those of rubber seedlings (isolates of C, B, and G).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Streptomyces spp. against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris for the management of chickpea wilt

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahanshir Amini ◽  
Zahra Agapoor ◽  
Morahem Ashengroph
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Chickpea Wilt

AbstractIn this study, about 112 isolates ofStreptomyceswere isolated from chickpea rhizospheric soils. Among the isolated strains, five showed strong inhibitory effects against chickpea Fusarium wilt caused byFusarium oxysporumf. sp.ciceris in vitrousing plate assay and selected for further studies. The selected strains were identified asStreptomycesspp. based on morphological and biochemical characterization as well as 16S rDNA sequences analysis. Our results assigned them to strains related to genus ofStreptomyces.In vitro, antagonistic effects ofStreptomycesstrains against the disease were evaluated through the dual-culture method, volatile and non-volatile metabolites, siderophore, protease and chitinase production. All bacterial strains inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen ranging from 26 to 44.2% in dual culture assay. The non-volatile extract of five of theStreptomycesstrains inhibited more than 50% growth of the pathogen, whereas volatile compounds were less effective on mycelial growth inhibition (20.2 to 33.4%). The ability of the biocontrol agents to produce siderophore and protease were varied, whereas, production of chitinase was detected for all strains. Results of the greenhouse assay indicated that all biocontrol agents reduced disease severity (ranging from 38.7 to 54.8%). Accordingly, strain KS62 showed higher control efficacy (54.8%). In addition, the biomass of chickpea plants (plant height and dry weight) significantly increased in plants treated withStreptomycesstrains compared to non-bacterized control. The results of this study showed that it may be possible to manage chickpea Fusarium wilt disease effectively by usingStreptomycesspecies, as biocontrol agents. Therefore, evaluating their efficiency under field conditions is needed.

scholarly journals First report of three species of Trichoderma isolated from the rhizosphere in Algeria and the high antagonistic effect of Trichoderma brevicompactum to control grey mould disease of tomato

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massinissa Hammad ◽  
Thomas Guillemette ◽  
Meriem Alem ◽  
Franck Bastide ◽  
Meriem Louanchi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
First Report ◽  
The North

Abstract Background Grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. (teleomorph Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel) is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of Mediterranean crops. In Algeria, few studies have been made on the economic impact of this disease. Nevertheless, it is practically present in all tomato and strawberry greenhouses, as well as in prospected vineyards in the north and south of the country. The complexity of chemical control of this disease has led to search for Trichoderma strains that are effective in biological control. Results Fifteen isolates of Trichoderma spp. were obtained from vigorous and healthy plants (tomatoes, strawberries, and vines) rhizosphere, and from a commercial bio-compost (Bio-composte®), then identified as T. afroharzianum (four isolates), T. gamsii (four isolates), T. longibrachiatum (three isolates), T. atroviride (one isolate), T. brevicompactum (one isolate), T. breve (one isolate), and T. lixii (one isolate) on the basis of DNA sequence analysis of four genes (ITS, tef1, rpb2, and acl1). In vitro biocontrol tests revealed that four Algerian isolates of Trichoderma spp. (TAtC11, TGS7, TGS10, and TBS1) had a high antagonistic activity against B. cinerea, the mycelial growth has been reduced by 62 to 65% in dual-culture technique, by 62.31 to 64.49% in volatile compounds test, and a high inhibition of germling growth was recorded by TBS1 isolate with 90.68% in Culture filtrates test. Biocontrol tests carried out on tomato plants with T. brevicompactum (TBS1), T. atroviride (TAtC11), and T. lixii (TLiC8) against B. cinerea (BCT04) showed that TBS1 inoculation significantly reduced the incidence of disease by 64.43 and 51.35% in preventive and curative treatment, respectively. Conclusion The present study revealed the first report of T. brevicompactum, T. breve, and T. lixii in Algeria, and it also contributes to the promotion of the use of native strains of Trichoderma in biological control leading to a better preservation of soil microbial diversity.

Construing the Role of Plant Extracts, Fungicides and Bio-agents in Ameliorating Fusarium Wilt Management in Chickpea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Khanna ◽  
Kushal Raj ◽  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Chickpea Wilt

Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the most important leguminous crop around the world. Fusarium wilt incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is a major biotic constraint in chickpea production. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of plant extracts, fungicides and bio-agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris under in vitro and field conditions. Methods: Plant extracts and fungicides were evaluated using poison food technique while antagonistic activity of bio-agents was studied using dual culture technique under in vitro conditions. Field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different plant extracts, fungicides and bio-agents against Fusarium wilt at Experimental Area of Plant Pathology, CCS HAU, Hisar.Result: Among thirteen plant extracts evaluated in vitro, neem leaves extract was found to be the most effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris followed by datura leaves’ and garlic cloves’ extract which were statistically at par. Out of six plant extracts tested against Fusarium wilt under field conditions, seed treatment with extracts of neem and datura leaves at 10% concentration were most effective and curtailed the wilt incidence by 39.02 and 34.14% along with 7.55 and 6.83% enhanced seed yield. Among fungicides, carbendazim 50 WP was the most toxic fungicide in restricting colony diameter of the pathogen with the least EC50 and EC90 values of 1.28 and 15.24 ppm a.i. followed by azoxystrobin 23 SC with corresponding values of 1.57 and 49.16 ppm a.i., respectively. Seed treatment with carbendazim 50 WP and azoxystrobin 23 SC were superior over other treatments and provided 88.41 and 85.98% reduction in disease incidence along with 12.85 and 10.99% higher seed yield over control. Among the bio-agents tested, T. viride and T. harzianum gave the best results in suppressing the pathogen growth in vitro and in minimizing the disease incidence coupled with improvement in seed yield under field conditions. The present study has provided chemical and non-chemical measures for integrated management of chickpea wilt.

scholarly journals Bio-controller Effect of Four Native Strains of Trichoderma spp., on Phytophthora capsici in Manzano Chili (Capsicum pubescens) in Puebla-Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Ángeles Valencia de Ita ◽  
Jiménez Huerta Fátima ◽  
Conrado Parraguirre Lezama ◽  
Alfredo Báez Simón ◽  
Gerardo Landeta Cortés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Native Strains

Diversity of the different types of chilies in Mexico has been scarcely studied, and a large variety have been found to be, such as Manzano chili. Root rot caused by oomycete Phytophthora capsici is a severe disease that affects Manzano chili production in Mexico, detracted from its production and quality. The use of biological control agents such as Trichodermanative’s species, represents an efficient alternative to reduce losses and control the disease. For this reason, the objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the antagonistic effect in vitro and in vivo of four native strains of Trichoderma spp., on Phytophthora capsici in seedlings of Manzano chili from Puebla-Mexico was evaluated. Dual culture technique was used to determine the percentage of inhibition of radial growth (PICR) of the PC-A strain of P. capsici. Analysis of the percentage of germination was also carried out, as well as the incidence of root rot at 20 days after inoculation with the pathogen (dai) in the nursery. T. harzianum strain presented the highest PICR (42.86%) of antagonistic level in vitro and class I in the Bell scale, in addition, it obtained 88% germination in the nursery and 10% mortality at 20 dai, higher than the other native strains of Trichoderma. The bio-controlling effect of strains of Trichoderma spp., offers an effective alternative for root necrosis caused by P. capsici in the cultivation of Manzano chili in Puebla-Mexico.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Some Rhizosphere Microorganisms in Controlling Fusarium Wilt of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
AM Sarker ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
M Rashid ◽  
ZR Bhuian
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Rhizosphere Microorganisms

An experiment was conducted at the Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Net House of Plant Pathology Department, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during July 2011 to June 2012 to investigate the efficacy of some antagonistic rhizosphere microorganisms against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causing Fusarium wilt of tomato. Probable 20 antagonistic bacterial isolates and one antagonistic fungal isolate (Trichoderma harzianum) from rhizosphere soil were screened out against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Out of 20 bacterial isolates, only four (Iso-1, Iso-2, Iso-3 and Iso-4) were found effective in dual culture method. Out of all antagonists, Trichoderma harzianum produced the highest inhibition zone (75.75 %), while the lowest inhibition zone (28.39 %) was produced by Iso- 2. In blotter method, the highest prevalence of Fusarium oxysporum was observed in control (11.25%), while the lowest was in Iso-1 (0.58%) treated seeds. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17494 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 96-103

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

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