Evaluation of surface roughness and Vickers microhardness of various nano-herbal extracts on demineralized dentin and their bactericidal efficacy with 970-nm wavelength diode laser irradiation

Abstract Objective Was to evaluate effect of clove, turmeric and garlic nano-herbal extracts on surface roughness and microhardness of demineralized dentin, and their bactericidal effect on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus with or without diode laser irradiation. Methods Three 5% nano-formulas were prepared and characterized using transmission electron microscope. MI paste Plus™ was used as control. A total of 100 specimens of demineralized dentin were prepared and treated with 3 W-power diode laser; then, the different tested materials for 10-min before the surface roughness and Vickers microhardness tests were conducted. Eighty coronal cavities were prepared (1-mm diameter × 2-mm depth). Cavities were inoculated with the tested materials with S. mutans or S. sobrinus bacteria, with or without diode laser irradiation for 20-s. Colony-forming unit method was used for counting the viable bacteria. Data were explored for normality using Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk tests and showed parametric distribution for the surface roughness and microhardness tests, and non-parametric distribution for the bactericidal activity test. Results The herbal formulas had a significant surface roughness and microhardness mean values. It showed a significant antimicrobial effect on the tested bacteria. When they were combined with diode laser, they showed a significantly higher antimicrobial effect. Conclusions The tested herbal formulas represent potent topical remineralizing and antibacterial agents especially when they are used in conjunction with diode laser irradiation.

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The Effect of Diode Laser Irradiation on Surface Roughness of Bleached Enamel: An in Vitro Study

Al-Rafidain Dental Journal ◽

10.33899/rdenj.2021.169253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 202-214

Author(s):

Alaa Ali ◽

Abduladheem Raouf

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study

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Evaluation and comparison between the bactericidal effect of diode laser irradiation (970 nm) and silver nanoparticles on Enterococcus faecalis bacterial strain (an in vitro study)

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-019-0188-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Doaa M. Sadony ◽

Karim Montasser

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Bacterial Strain ◽

Bactericidal Effect ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Thermal Change ◽

Group I ◽

Laser Group

Abstract Background/Aims Today, the using of diode lasers in dentistry has made a significant progress; it increased the speed of treatment, decreased the time of healing, and showed a bactericidal effect. The thermal effects should be considered in root canal treatment by laser, as the temperature rises to critical levels, causing tissues damage and any thermal change occurs after laser irradiation. The temperature can rise up to 10 °C above the body temperature for less than 2–3 min without damaging the periodontal tissue or burring the tooth structure by using cooling. Antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were reducing Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial growth, due to a larger surface to volume ratio of nanoparticles. The goal of this study is to evaluate the bactericidal effect of diode laser irradiation (970 nm), the silver nanoparticles in root canals infected by Enterococcus faecalis bacteria, and the thermal change that occurs after laser application. Materials and methods Forty-five extracted single-rooted human maxillary anterior teeth were collected and used as a container for the test. The samples are inoculated by Enterococcus faecalis bacterial strain and randomly divided into three groups: group I (control) (n = 15), group II (Enterococcus faecalis bacteria and silver nanoparticles) (n = 15), and group III (Enterococcus faecalis bacteria and diode laser) (n = 15). The laser group was divided into subgroups according to the time of laser irradiation (20 s, 30 s, and 40 s). Results There was a significant difference between the treated groups, in which the laser group showed a high bactericidal effect than the other groups at the time of radiation 40 s, without damaging the tooth structure or periodontal ligament. Conclusion Diode laser with proper parameters is used as an adjunctive endodontic disinfection modality due to its antibacterial effect with a temperature tolerated by periodontal tissues with safety limit.

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Antimicrobial Effect of 940 nm Diode Laser based on Photolysis of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.8.6478 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

pp. 2081-2088 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alin Alexandru Odor ◽

Edwin Sever Bechir ◽

Deborah Violant ◽

Victoria Badea

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Laser Therapy ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Group 4 ◽

Periodontal Bacteria ◽

Severe Periodontitis ◽

Before And After

Moderate and severe periodontitis represents a challenge in the non-surgical periodontal therapy. Due to the lack of evidence regarding the antimicrobial effectiveness of 940 nm diode laser in periodontal treatment, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) photolysis performed with 940 nm diode laser in the treatment of moderate and severe periodontitis. Twenty-five patients with 100 teeth were selected for this pilot study. The test teeth were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups: Group 1: scaling and root planning (SRP) (control group); and the following experimental groups: Group 2: H2O2; Group 3: 940 nm diode laser therapy; Group 4: 940 nm diode laser therapy and H2O2. Clinical examinations, like probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were performed before and after the treatment. The microbiological evaluation, effectuated before and after the treatment, included nine periodontal bacteria species and investigated by means of real-time PCR assay. The clinical and bacterial differences in the tested groups, was assessed between control group and the other three experimental groups, as well as between the experimental groups. The total bacteria load was reduced for all four studied groups. Group 4 (diode laser + H2O2) showed significant bacterial reduction of the major periodontal bacteria like Pg., Tf., Td., Pi., Pm., Fn (p[0.001) than the other 3 groups (p]0.001). Also the periodontal clinical parameters, like PD, CAL and BOP showed a significant reduction after the photolysis of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser (p[0.001). Differences between tested groups showed a significant beneficial results in regard to Group 4.It is suggested that the photoactivation of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser can be used successfully in adjunctive to the non-surgical periodontal treatment as a bactericidal tool.

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Bactericidal Effects of Diode Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis Using Periapical Lesion Defect Model

ISRN Dentistry ◽

10.5402/2011/870364 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Masato Nagayoshi ◽

Tatsuji Nishihara ◽

Keisuke Nakashima ◽

Shigetsugu Iwaki ◽

Ker-Kong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Periapical Lesion ◽

Lesion Area ◽

Defect Model ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Periapical Lesions ◽

Bactericidal Effects

Objective. Photodynamic therapy has been expanded for use in endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of diode laser irradiation on endodontic pathogens in periapical lesions using an in vitro apical lesion model. Study Design. Enterococcus faecalis in 0.5% semisolid agar with a photosensitizer was injected into apical lesion area of in vitro apical lesion model. The direct effects of irradiation with a diode laser as well as heat produced by irradiation on the viability of microorganisms in the lesions were analyzed. Results. The viability of E. faecalis was significantly reduced by the combination of a photosensitizer and laser irradiation. The temperature caused by irradiation rose, however, there were no cytotoxic effects of heat on the viability of E. faecalis. Conclusion. Our results suggest that utilization of a diode laser in combination with a photosensitizer may be useful for clinical treatment of periapical lesions.

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Viability of human septal cartilage after 1.45 µm diode laser irradiation

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine ◽

10.1002/lsm.20663 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 40 (8) ◽

pp. 562-569 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ick-Soo Choi ◽

Yong-Seok Chae ◽

Allison Zemek ◽

Dmitry E. Protsenko ◽

Brian Wong

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Septal Cartilage

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Effect of submucosal ICG injection to prevent the injury on muscle layer due to diode laser irradiation

Nippon Laser Igakkaishi ◽

10.2530/jslsm1980.17.supplement_477 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 17 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 477-480

Author(s):

Shoryoku Hino ◽

Takuya Hayashi ◽

Tunenori Arai ◽

Makoto Kikuchi ◽

Katunori Masuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Muscle Layer

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The Efficacy of a Diode Laser on Titanium Implants for the Reduction of Microorganisms That Cause Periimplantitis

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14237215 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (23) ◽

pp. 7215

Author(s):

Anna Wawrzyk ◽

Michał Łobacz ◽

Agnieszka Adamczuk ◽

Weronika Sofińska-Chmiel ◽

Mansur Rahnama

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Laser Wavelength ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Streptococcus Constellatus ◽

Surface Optical ◽

Irradiation Process

The paper presents the optimisation of a safe diode laser irradiation process applied to the surface of titanium implants in order to reduce microbial numbers in the treatment of inflammation classified as periimplantitis. The study comprised isolation and identification of microorganisms inhabiting surfaces of dental implants, crowns, teeth and saliva from patients with fully symptomatic periimplantitis. Microorganisms were detected by a culture-dependent method and identified with the use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The isolated microorganisms were inoculated on the surface of a new implant and then irradiated by a diode laser (wavelength of 810 ± 10 nm) in one, two or three repetitions and biocidal efficacy was assessed. To evaluate impact of laser irradiation on roughness, morphology and structure of the implant surface, optical profilometry, scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy were used. Examination of the tested surfaces and saliva revealed the presence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and one fungal species. In all patients, cultures from the endosseous part of the implant revealed the presence of the pathogenic and pyogenic bacterium Streptococcus constellatus. In 13 out of 20 samples laser-irradiated in duplicate and triplicate, all microorganisms were eliminated. The irradiation used did not cause any changes in the properties of the implant surface.

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Effects of Diode and Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation on Friction Forces Between Two Types of Ceramic Brackets and Rhodium-Coated Archwires

Journal of lasers in medical sciences ◽

10.34172/jlms.2021.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. e13-e13

Author(s):

Hannaneh Ghadirian ◽

Allahyar Geramy ◽

Mohammad Ali Keshvad ◽

Soolmaz Heidari ◽

Nasim Chiniforush

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Nd:Yag Laser ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Control Group ◽

Friction Forces ◽

X Ray ◽

Custom Made ◽

Ceramic Brackets

Introduction: Ceramic brackets have gained increasing popularity among dental clinicians and orthodontic patients but friction is a major concern when using them. This study sought to assess the effects of diode and Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser irradiation on friction forces between two types of ceramic brackets and rhodium-coated esthetic archwires. Methods: Thirty polycrystalline and 30 poly-sapphire brackets were divided into 6 groups (n=10) as follows: (I) control polycrystalline brackets (no laser irradiation), (II) polycrystalline brackets subjected to diode laser irradiation, (III) polycrystalline brackets subjected to Nd:YAG laser irradiation, (IV) control poly-sapphire brackets (no laser irradiation), (V) poly-sapphire brackets subjected to diode laser irradiation, and (VI) poly-sapphire brackets subjected to Nd:YAG laser irradiation. The bracket slots were laser-irradiated on a custom-made table. Sixty 5-cm pieces of rhodium-coated archwires were used for the friction test in a universal testing machine at a speed of 10 mm/min. Ten brackets from the six groups underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Results: The frictional resistance value of polycrystalline brackets was significantly higher than that of poly-sapphire brackets, irrespective of laser type (P<0.05). Irradiation of diode and Nd:YAG lasers, compared with the control group, had no significant effect on friction, irrespective of bracket type (P>0.05). Conclusion: It appears that diode and Nd:YAG laser irradiation cannot significantly decrease the friction. Future studies are warranted on different laser types with variable exposure.

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