Antimicrobial Effect of 940 nm Diode Laser based on Photolysis of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2081-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Alexandru Odor ◽  
Edwin Sever Bechir ◽  
Deborah Violant ◽  
Victoria Badea
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Before And After

Moderate and severe periodontitis represents a challenge in the non-surgical periodontal therapy. Due to the lack of evidence regarding the antimicrobial effectiveness of 940 nm diode laser in periodontal treatment, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) photolysis performed with 940 nm diode laser in the treatment of moderate and severe periodontitis. Twenty-five patients with 100 teeth were selected for this pilot study. The test teeth were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups: Group 1: scaling and root planning (SRP) (control group); and the following experimental groups: Group 2: H2O2; Group 3: 940 nm diode laser therapy; Group 4: 940 nm diode laser therapy and H2O2. Clinical examinations, like probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were performed before and after the treatment. The microbiological evaluation, effectuated before and after the treatment, included nine periodontal bacteria species and investigated by means of real-time PCR assay. The clinical and bacterial differences in the tested groups, was assessed between control group and the other three experimental groups, as well as between the experimental groups. The total bacteria load was reduced for all four studied groups. Group 4 (diode laser + H2O2) showed significant bacterial reduction of the major periodontal bacteria like Pg., Tf., Td., Pi., Pm., Fn (p[0.001) than the other 3 groups (p]0.001). Also the periodontal clinical parameters, like PD, CAL and BOP showed a significant reduction after the photolysis of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser (p[0.001). Differences between tested groups showed a significant beneficial results in regard to Group 4.It is suggested that the photoactivation of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser can be used successfully in adjunctive to the non-surgical periodontal treatment as a bactericidal tool.

scholarly journals The Effect of Geogebra on Students’ Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge: The Case of Applications of Derivative

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Fatih Ocal
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Procedural Knowledge ◽  
Dynamic Geometry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test

Integrating the properties of computer algebra systems and dynamic geometry environments, Geogebra became an effective and powerful tool for teaching and learning mathematics. One of the reasons that teachers use Geogebra in mathematics classrooms is to make students learn mathematics meaningfully and conceptually. From this perspective, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether instruction with Geogebra has effect on students’ achievements regarding their conceptual and procedural knowledge on the applications of derivative subject. This study adopted the quantitative approach with pre-test post-test control group true experimental design. The participants were composed of two calculus classrooms involving 31 and 24 students, respectively. The experimental group with 31 students received instruction with Geogebra while the control group received traditional instruction in learning the applications of derivative. Independent samples t-test was used in the analysis of the data gathered from students’ responses to Applications of Derivative Test which was subjected to them before and after teaching processes. The findings indicated that instruction with Geogebra had positive effect on students’ scores regarding conceptual knowledge and their overall scores. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between experimental and control group students’ scores regarding procedural knowledge. It could be concluded that students in both groups were focused on procedural knowledge to be successful in learning calculus subjects including applications of derivative in both groups. On the other hand, instruction with Geogebra supported students’ learning these subjects meaningfully and conceptually.

scholarly journals The use of laser therapy in children with allergic rhinitis complicated by exudative otitis media

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 258-262
Author(s):  
A. G. Khrykova
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Repeated Treatment ◽  
Immunological Tests ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Conductive Component

Background. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis, which is an intermittent or permanent inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by exposure to allergens, reaches 35%, according to different authors. Currently, this pathology is often complicated by exudative otitis media, especially in young children. Aim: to develop and justify the feasibility of using laser phoresis of sodium deoxyribonucleate for the treatment of exudative otitis media in children with allergic rhinitis. Methods. A clinical examination, a clinical blood test, rhinoscopy and otoscopy, as well as rhinocytogram, tympanometry (impedance audiometer Heinemann Titan) were performed. In diagnostics of allergic rhinitis, methods of a multifaceted otorhinolaryngological and allergological examination of the patient were used, as well as immunological tests (determination of the level of IgE and allergen-specific antibodies in the blood serum), and skin allergological tests. The examination was conducted before and after the course of treatment, as well as after 6 and 12 months. Results. With drug laser phoresis of sodium deoxyribonucleate administered endonasally and endourally, a stable result was obtained in restoring the drainage functions of the pharyngotympanic tube and reducing the symptoms of allergic rhinitis in preschool children and primary school children. Hearing is objectively improved in patients, and the conductive component is stopped, there is no fluid in the middle ear, sleep improves, the sense of smell is restored, physical performance increases, and childrens fatigue decreases in doing sports. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of treatment in two groups showed the best results in the group of children receiving laser therapy using sodium desoxyribonucleate from medicinal non-woven textiles for up to 1 year. Repeated treatment with exacerbation of exudative otitis media was necessary to 40% of children in the control group, 12% of children after a course of laser therapy, and only one patient after a course of laser phoresis of sodium deoxyribonucleate. Conclusion. The use of laser radiation reduces the manifestations of the inflammatory process, and the allergic component.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EFFICACY OF SCALING AND ROOT PLANING WITH AND WITHOUT CHLORHEXIDINE CHIP AND DIODE LASER IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reya Shree ◽  
Varun Dahiya ◽  
Pradeep Shukla ◽  
Prerna Kataria ◽  
Mona Dagar
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Laser Group

Introduction: The motive of the present study is to comparatively measure the competence and effectiveness of diode laser and chlorhexidine chip as adjuncts to the scaling and root planing procedure, in patients with chronic periodontitis. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of diode laser and chlorhexidine chip before and after scaling and root planing in the management of chronic periodontitis. The objective is to compare the efficacy of chlorhexidine chip and diode laser before and after scaling and root planning on clinical parameters. Study and design: Randomized clinical trial with split mouth design done in the Department of Periodontics and Implantology. Materials and methods: Twenty chronic periodontitis patients having a probing pocket depth of 5mm-7mm on at least one interproximal site in each quadrant of the mouth were selected in the study. After initial treatment, four sites in each patient were randomly subjected to scaling and root planing (control), chlorhexidine chip application (CHX chip group), diode laser (810 nm) decontamination (Diode laser group) or combination of both (Diode laser and chip group). All subjects received a clinical periodontal examination by single examiner who recorded all the variables by manual procedure. Clinical parameters namely Plaque index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were assessed at baseline, one month and three months. Results were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Analysis. Results: The differences in PPD reduction and CAL gain between control group and CHX chip and combination groups were statistically significant (p<0.05) at three months, whereas, the diode laser group did not show any significant difference from the control group. Conclusion: Within the limitations in the present study, the following conclusions were derived, i.e., chlorhexidine local delivery alone or in combination with diode laser decontamination is effective in improving oral hygiene, reducing gingival inflammation, reducing probing pocket depth and improving clinical attachment levels when used as adjuncts to scaling and root planing in non-surgical periodontal therapy of patients with chronic periodontitis. Keywords: Diode laser decontamination, Local drug delivery, Scaling and root planing.

Albumin synthesis in humans increases immediately following the administration of endotoxin

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans BARLE ◽  
Anna JANUSZKIEWICZ ◽  
Lars HÅLLSTRÖM ◽  
Pia ESSÉN ◽  
Margaret A. MCNURLAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Fractional Synthesis Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fractional Synthesis ◽  
Absolute Synthesis

In order to investigate the immediate (i.e. within 3h) response of albumin synthesis to the administration of endotoxin, as a model of a moderate and well controlled catabolic insult, two measurements employing L-[2H5]phenylalanine were performed in 16 volunteers. One group (n = 8) received an intravenous injection of endotoxin (4ng/kg; lot EC-6) immediately after the first measurement of albumin synthesis, whereas the other group received saline. A second measurement was initiated 1h later. In the endotoxin group, the fractional synthesis rate of albumin was 6.9±0.6%/day (mean±S.D.) in the first measurement. In the second measurement, a significant increase was observed (9.6±1.2%/day; P<0.001). The corresponding values in the control group were were 6.6±0.6%/day and 7.0±0.6%/day respectively (not significant compared with first measurement and P<0.001 compared with the second measurement in the endotoxin group). The absolute synthesis rates of albumin were 148±35 and 201±49mg·kg-1·day-1 before and after endotoxin (P<0.01). In the control group, the corresponding values were 131±21 and 132±20mg·kg-1·day-1 (not significant compared with the first measurement and P<0.01 compared with the second measurement in the endotoxin group). In conclusion, these results indicate that albumin synthesis increases in the very early phase after a catabolic insult, as represented by the administration of endotoxin.

scholarly journals Abortion and Neonatal Mortality in Sheep Poisoned with Tetrapterys multiglandulosa

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 960-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Riet-Correa ◽  
F. Riet-Correa ◽  
A. L. Schild ◽  
S. S. Barros ◽  
M. P. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Status Spongiosus ◽  
Group 4

Tetrapterys spp. have been reported as a cause of cardiac fibrosis, status spongiosus of the nervous system, and abortion. To study the intoxication by Tetrapterys multiglandulosa, 24 sheep were divided into 4 experimental groups of 4 sheep each and 1 control group. Groups 1 to 3, respectively, received 1, 1.5, and 3 g/kg body weight of the dry plant daily, starting on the 90th day of pregnancy. Group 4 received 1.5 g/kg from the 120th day of pregnancy to the end of gestation. All sheep from groups 2 and 3, except 1 that was submitted to cesarean delivery, aborted between 110 and 134 days of pregnancy. Seven fetuses had anasarca. Seven lambs from groups 1 and 4 were weak and died or were euthanatized. The other 2 were born weak with mild nervous signs but recovered. Cardiac fibrosis and status spongiosus of the nervous system were observed in newborn lambs and fetuses.

A Discrimination Based on Punishment

1952 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Dinsmoor
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Avoidance Reactions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Rate Of Response

Twelve white rats learned to press a bar or lever when this act was intermittently followed by pellets of food. Once a stable rate of pressing had been established, the animals were subjected to electric shock as a punishment for each response during alternate five minute periods within the experimental session. A difference in rates during the safe and punished phases was manifested both by the experimental group (8 rats), who were provided with a light as a signal when it was safe to respond, and also, contrary to expectation, by the control group (4 rats), who continued in darkness throughout the session. The differential responding by the control group was greatly reduced, however, when the duration of each phase was reduced from five minutes to one. The investigation was then continued to determine the role of some of the other factors in the situation. Increasing the severity of the shock increased the difference between the light and the dark rates. Withholding the pellets of food reduced the overall rates but did not affect the light-dark discrimination. Withholding the shock, on the other hand, permitted an increase in rate and caused the animals to lose their discrimination; when food had previously been withheld, however, so that the rate of response was relatively low, this deterioration in the discrimination was not as rapid as before. Restoration of the discrimination training under a lower hunger drive confirmed the finding that the formation of the discrimination was quite rapid and showed that the level of drive did not affect the proportionality between the rates in the light and in the darkness. These findings were interpreted by comparing the current procedure with those previously used in studies of avoidance reactions and conflict.

scholarly journals Creation of an Ideal Microenvironment by Reverse Endto-side Coaptation for the Evaluation of Tissue Neurotropism: An Experimental Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Balik O
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Nerve Graft ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Most studies agree on the demonstration of the existence of nerve tissue specificity and that if a non-nervous target (e.g. a tendon) were sutured to one of the distal limbs of a Y-shaped nerve guide, independent of the type of guide, all nerve fibers would regenerate toward the nerve tissue. Recent studies suggest that optimum nerve regeneration may arise from the tissue environment in general. We developed an experimental model in order to eliminate all the microenvironment problems that we experienced in previous studies, and to be able to evaluate the neurotropic affinity of various tissues. Group 1 (n:8): The control group. The sciatic nerve was only explored, but certainly not touched. Group 2 (n:8): Both lower ends of the peroneal nerve graft, prepared by reverse end-to-side coaptation in the shape of a horseshoe, were coapted to tibial and peroneal nerves distally by end-to-end coaptation. Group 3 (n:8): As one end of the peroneal nerve graft, prepared by reverse end-to-side coaptation in the shape of a horseshoe, was coapted to the peroneal nerve distally, the other end was sutured directly by opening the fascia of the gastrocnemius muscle. Group 4 (n:8): As one end of the peroneal nerve graft, prepared by reverse end-to-side coaptation in the shape of a horseshoe, was coapted to peroneal nerve distally, the other end was ligated As seen in the histomorphometric analysis, axons were observed to sprout towards both ends of the horseshoe-shaped nerve graft in a free fashion without being affected by the negative influences of the microenvironment.

Treatment of Methadone Withdrawal with Cerebral Electrotherapy (Electrosleep)

1979 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evaristo Gomez ◽  
Adib R. Mikhail
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Scale ◽  
Manifest Anxiety ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety

SummaryThe use of cerebral electrotherapy (CET) in methadone detoxification was studied in 28 patients. Fourteen patients received active CET; the other 14 acted as controls and received either simulated CET or only methadone detoxification therapy. One patient dropped out of the study. The Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale were administered before and after the study period. Nine of the patients receiving active CET were drug-free by the end of 8 to 10 days, and all experienced a marked reduction of their symptoms; the control group did not show significant changes. CET was clearly beneficial in the treatment of patients undergoing methadone withdrawal.

scholarly journals Treatment of ovarian cysts in sows – a field trial

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cech ◽  
R. Dolezel
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Interval Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Different procedures of treatment of large follicular ovarian cysts in 177 sows using GnRH, hCG and PGF2α are evaluated in this study. Ovarian cysts were diagnosed by transcutaneous ultrasonography, which was a part of routine pregnancy diagnosis. No treatment was performed in the control group (Group 1, <i>n</i> = 29); the method of treatment used in the other groups immediately after the diagnosis was intramuscular administration of lecirelin in doses 50 µg (Group 2, <i>n</i> = 28), 100 µg (Group 3, <i>n</i> = 27) and 200 µg divided into 2 equal doses administered at a 12-hour interval (Group 4, <i>n<i> = 25) and of hCG in doses 1 500 IU (Group 5, <i>n</i> = 23), 3 000 IU (Group 6, <i>n</i> = 21), and 250 µg of cloprostenol (Group 7, <i>n</i> = 24). Insemination rate (IR), conception rate (CR) in inseminated sows, pregnancy rate (PR = recovery rate), treatment-insemination interval (TII) and treatment-pregnancy interval (TPI) within 42 days after the initial examination were evaluated. In addition PR in groups of sows divided according to parity (1–3, 4–6 and ≥ 7) were also evaluated. IR and PR were higher in Group 4 (84.0% and 44.0%) and lower in Group 1 (17.2% and 6.9%) in comparison with the other groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001 and <i>P</i> < 0.05). CR, TII and TPI did not differ between the experimental groups. PR were similar in sows with different parity. The study proved a positive response in sows with large follicular ovarian cysts to the treatment consisting of 2 administrations of 100 µg GnRH at a 12-hour interval.

Self-Control and Enuresis

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammie Ronen ◽  
Giora Rahav ◽  
Yochanan Wozner
Keyword(s):  
Token Economy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One

This paper presents the link between self-control and childhood enuresis, assuming that enuresis is maintained by deficiencies in self-control skills, whether caused by physiological, behavioral, or cognitive components. Acquisition of self-control skills is proposed as helping in eliminating enuresis. Seventy-seven enuretic children (aged 7 to 14) were randomly assigned to three treatment modes (bell and pad, token economy, and cognitive therapy) and to one control group. The self-control skills of children and their parents and the frequency of enuresis were measured before and after treatment. Results showed a negative correlation between self-control and enuresis on the one hand and between the acquisition of self-control skills and recovery from enuresis on the other hand. The results also highlighted the need for a follow-up period to determine the different longer-term effects of treatments.

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