scholarly journals The effectiveness of gaming interventions for depression and anxiety in young people: systematic review and meta-analysis

BJPsych Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Townsend ◽  
Clara Humpston ◽  
Jack Rogers ◽  
Victoria Goodyear ◽  
Anna Lavis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Youth Depression ◽  
Repeated Measures Design

Background Recent research has investigated the use of serious games as a form of therapeutic intervention for depression and anxiety in young people. Aims To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis into the effectiveness of gaming interventions for treating either depression or anxiety in individuals aged 12–25 years. Method An electronic search was conducted on the 30 March 2020, using PsycINFO, ISI Web of Science Core Collection, Medline and EMBASE databases. Standardised effect sizes (Hedge's g) were calculated for between-participant comparisons between experimental (therapeutic intervention) and control conditions, and within-participant comparisons between pre- and post-intervention time points for repeated measures designs. Results Twelve studies (seven randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and five non-randomised studies) were included. For RCTs, there was a statistically significant and robust effect (g = −0.54, 95% CI −1.00 to −0.08) favouring the therapeutic intervention when treating youth depression. For non-RCTs, using a repeated measures design, the overall effect was also strong (g = −0.75, 95% CI −1.64 to 0.14) favouring therapeutic intervention, but this was not statistically significant. Interestingly, we found no statistically significant effect for treating youth anxiety. Conclusions There is preliminary evidence to suggest that gaming interventions are an effective treatment for youth depression, but not anxiety. Further research is warranted to establish the utility, acceptability and effectiveness of gaming interventions in treating mental health problems in young people.

scholarly journals School-based depression and anxiety prevention programs for young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 30-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliza Werner-Seidler ◽  
Yael Perry ◽  
Alison L. Calear ◽  
Jill M. Newby ◽  
Helen Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Prevention ◽  
School Based

scholarly journals Transdiagnostic Risk and Protective Factors for Psychopathology in Young People: Systematic Review Protocol

10.2196/19779 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e19779
Author(s):  
Samantha Jane Lynch ◽  
Matthew Sunderland ◽  
Nicola Claire Newton ◽  
Cath Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Mental and substance use disorders are among the leading causes of burden of disease worldwide, with risk of onset peaking between the ages of 13 and 24 years. Comorbidity is also common among young people and complicates research, diagnosis and assessment, and clinical decision making. There is increasing support for empirically derived models of psychopathology that overcome issues of comorbidity and provide a transdiagnostic framework for investigating the specificity and generality of risk and protective factors for psychopathology. Objective This systematic review aims to identify transdiagnostic risk and protective factors for psychopathology in young people by synthesizing and evaluating findings from research investigating empirically based models of psychopathology. Methods Searches will be conducted in Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases. Reference lists of selected articles will also be hand searched for other relevant publications. All studies will be screened against eligibility criteria designed to identify studies that examined empirical models of psychopathology in relation to risk and/or protective factors in young people with a mean age between 10 and 24 years. Study quality will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists for Cohort Studies and Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Findings will be summarized in a narrative synthesis, and a meta-analysis will be conducted if sufficient data are available. Results This review is ongoing. At the time of submission, full-text screening was completed, and hand searching of selected articles was underway. Results are expected to be completed by the end of 2020. Conclusions This protocol is for a systematic review of evidence for transdiagnostic risk and protective factors associated with empirically based models of psychopathology in young people. To our knowledge, the critical synthesis of this evidence will be the first to date and will provide a better understanding of the factors that contribute to the onset and maintenance of psychopathology in young people. Insights drawn from the review will provide critical new knowledge to improve the targeting of interventions to prevent or reduce mental health problems. Trial Registration This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020161368) and is available via Open Science Framework. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/19779

The time course of psychotic symptom side effects of ketamine in the treatment of depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 103985622096164
Author(s):  
Maryam Tashakkori ◽  
Andrew Ford ◽  
Milan Dragovic ◽  
Laura Gabriel ◽  
Flavie Waters
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Psychotic Symptom ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Repeated Measures Design

Objective: Ketamine is a potential rapid-acting treatment for depression. Studies have suggested that the side effects are minimal and temporary, but the psychotic symptom side effects have yet to be fully examined. This study investigated whether ketamine infusion in the treatment of mood disorders is associated with increases in positive symptoms and whether these symptom effects endure over time. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of ketamine in the treatment of depression. Embase and Medline databases were searched for studies including (a) participants with major affective disorders, (b) 0.4 or 0.5 mg intravenously administered ketamine, (c) measurement of positive symptoms using BPRS+, and (d) a within-subject repeated-measures design with participants serving as their own baseline. Results: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 458 participants. The meta-analyses examined symptom change occurring within the first 4 h, after 1 day, and after 3 days. Results showed significant BPRS+ increases within the first 30–60 min in 72% of studies, followed by a return to baseline levels. Conclusion: Peak symptom change occurred within the first hour post infusion. There are limited data to determine if ketamine is safe in the longer term, but there were no indications that psychotic symptoms re-occurred after the first hour and in the days following administration.

scholarly journals Preventing depression and anxiety in young people: a review of the joint efficacy of universal, selective and indicated prevention

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Stockings ◽  
L. Degenhardt ◽  
T. Dobbins ◽  
Y. Y. Lee ◽  
H. E. Erskine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Internalizing Disorders ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Indicated Prevention ◽  
Shared Risk ◽  
Internalizing Disorder

Depression and anxiety (internalizing disorders) are the largest contributors to the non-fatal health burden among young people. This is the first meta-analysis to examine the joint efficacy of universal, selective, and indicated preventive interventions upon both depression and anxiety among children and adolescents (5–18 years) while accounting for their co-morbidity. We conducted a systematic review of reviews in Medline, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, from 1980 to August 2014. Multivariate meta-analysis examined the efficacy of preventive interventions on depression and anxiety outcomes separately, and the joint efficacy on both disorders combined. Meta-regressions examined heterogeneity of effect according to a range of study variables. Outcomes were relative risks (RR) for disorder, and standardized mean differences (Cohen's d) for symptoms. One hundred and forty-six randomized controlled trials (46 072 participants) evaluated universal (children with no identified risk, n = 54) selective (population subgroups of children who have an increased risk of developing internalizing disorders due to shared risk factors, n = 45) and indicated prevention (children with minimal but detectable symptoms of an internalizing disorder, n = 47), mostly using psychological-only strategies (n = 105). Reductions in internalizing disorder onset occurred up to 9 months post-intervention, whether universal [RR 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37–0.60], selective (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.43–0.85) or indicated (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.78). Reductions in internalizing symptoms occurred up to 12 months post-intervention for universal prevention; however, reductions only occurred in the shorter term for selective and indicated prevention. Universal, selective and indicated prevention interventions are efficacious in reducing internalizing disorders and symptoms in the short term. They might be considered as repeated exposures in school settings across childhood and adolescence. (PROSPERO registration: CRD42014013990.)

Parental factors associated with depression and anxiety in young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 8-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Bee Hui Yap ◽  
Pamela Doreen Pilkington ◽  
Siobhan Mary Ryan ◽  
Anthony Francis Jorm
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Parental Factors ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Interventions to improve the experience of caring for people with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Yesufu-Udechuku ◽  
Bronwyn Harrison ◽  
Evan Mayo-Wilson ◽  
Norman Young ◽  
Peter Woodhams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Health And Social Care

BackgroundInformal caregiving is an integral part of the care of people with severe mental illness, but the support needs of those providing such care are not often met.AimsTo determine whether interventions provided to people caring for those with severe mental illness improve the experience of caring and reduce caregiver burden.MethodWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions delivered by health and social care services to informal carers (i.e. family or friends who provide support to someone with severe mental illness).ResultsTwenty-one RCTs with 1589 carers were included in the review. There was evidence suggesting that the carers' experience of care was improved at the end of the intervention by psychoeducation (standardised mean difference −1.03, 95% CI −1.69 to −0.36) and support groups (SMD =–1.16, 95% CI −1.96 to −0.36). Psychoeducation had a benefit on psychological distress more than 6 months later (SMD =–1.79, 95% CI −3.01 to −0.56) but not immediately post-intervention. Support interventions had a beneficial effect on psychological distress at the end of the intervention (SMD =–0.99, 95% CI −1.48 to −0.49) as did problem-solving bibliotherapy (SMD =–1.57, 95% CI −1.79 to −1.35); these effects were maintained at follow-up. The quality of the evidence was mainly low and very low. Evidence for combining these interventions and for self-help and self-management was inconclusive.ConclusionsCarer-focused interventions appear to improve the experience of caring and quality of life and reduce psychological distress of those caring for people with severe mental illness, and these benefits may be gained in first-episode psychosis. Interventions for carers should be considered as part of integrated services for people with severe mental health problems.

scholarly journals Protocol for a Systematic Review of Policies, Programs or Interventions Designed to Improve Health and Psychosocial Outcomes for Young People Leaving the Out of Home Care System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David John Anthony Taylor ◽  
Aron S. Shlonsky ◽  
Bianca Albers ◽  
Sangita Chakraborty ◽  
Jane Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Extended Care ◽  
Improve Health

Abstract Background:Relative to their counterparts in the general population, young people who leave, or transition out of, out-of-home (OOHC) arrangements, commonly experience poorer outcomes across a range of indicators, including: higher rates of homelessness, unemployment, reliance on public assistance, physical and mental health problems, and contact with the criminal justice system. The age at which young people transition from OOHC varies between and within some countries, but for most, formal support ceases between the ages of 18 and 21.Programs designed to support transitions are generally available to young people toward the end of their OOHC placement, although some can extend beyond. They often encourage the development of skills required for continued engagement in education, obtaining employment, maintaining housing and general life skills. Little is known about the effectiveness of these programs, or of extended care policies that raise the age at which support remains available to young people after leaving OOHC. This systematic review will seek to identify programs and/or interventions that improve outcomes for youth transitioning from the OOHC system into adult living arrangements.Methods:Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines, this review will identify programs, interventions and policies that seek to improve health and psychosocial outcomes amongst this population that have been tested using robust controlled methods. Primary outcomes of interest are homelessness, health, education, employment, exposure to violence and risky behaviour. Secondary outcomes are relationships and life skills. A search strategy has been developed that covers eleven databases of published literature in multiple languages. Unpublished literature will also be searched. A meta-analysis will be undertaken if identified studies are suitably heterogenous. Risk of bias will be assessed using tools appropriate to the study methodology. Outcomes across studies will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.Discussion:Previous reviews were unable to identify any programs or interventions, backed by methodologically rigorous research, that improve outcomes for this population. This review seeks to update this previous work, taking into account changes in the provision of extended care, which is now available in some jurisdictions. Trial Registration:PROSPERO: CRD42020146999

scholarly journals Transdiagnostic Risk and Protective Factors for Psychopathology in Young People: Systematic Review Protocol (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Jane Lynch ◽  
Matthew Sunderland ◽  
Nicola Claire Newton ◽  
Cath Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Mental and substance use disorders are among the leading causes of burden of disease worldwide, with risk of onset peaking between the ages of 13 and 24 years. Comorbidity is also common among young people and complicates research, diagnosis and assessment, and clinical decision making. There is increasing support for empirically derived models of psychopathology that overcome issues of comorbidity and provide a transdiagnostic framework for investigating the specificity and generality of risk and protective factors for psychopathology. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to identify transdiagnostic risk and protective factors for psychopathology in young people by synthesizing and evaluating findings from research investigating empirically based models of psychopathology. METHODS Searches will be conducted in Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases. Reference lists of selected articles will also be hand searched for other relevant publications. All studies will be screened against eligibility criteria designed to identify studies that examined empirical models of psychopathology in relation to risk and/or protective factors in young people with a mean age between 10 and 24 years. Study quality will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists for Cohort Studies and Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Findings will be summarized in a narrative synthesis, and a meta-analysis will be conducted if sufficient data are available. RESULTS This review is ongoing. At the time of submission, full-text screening was completed, and hand searching of selected articles was underway. Results are expected to be completed by the end of 2020. CONCLUSIONS This protocol is for a systematic review of evidence for transdiagnostic risk and protective factors associated with empirically based models of psychopathology in young people. To our knowledge, the critical synthesis of this evidence will be the first to date and will provide a better understanding of the factors that contribute to the onset and maintenance of psychopathology in young people. Insights drawn from the review will provide critical new knowledge to improve the targeting of interventions to prevent or reduce mental health problems. CLINICALTRIAL This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020161368) and is available via Open Science Framework. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/19779

scholarly journals Behavioral Activation as an ‘active ingredient’ of interventions addressing depression and anxiety among young people: a systematic review and evidence synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanika Malik ◽  
Maliha Ibrahim ◽  
Adam Bernstein ◽  
Rahul Kodihalli Venkatesh ◽  
Tara Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Multicomponent Intervention ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Psychological interventions such as behavioral activation (BA) that focus on overt behaviors rather than complex cognitive skills may be developmentally well-suited to address youth mental health problems. The current systematic review synthesized evidence on the characteristics, effectiveness and acceptability of behavioral activation (BA) to examine its role as a potential ‘active ingredient’ for alleviating depression and anxiety among young people aged 14 to 24 years. Methods Evidence across the following sources were synthesized: (i) randomized control trials (RCT) evaluating interventions where BA has been used as a standalone intervention or as part of a multicomponent intervention, (ii) qualitative studies examining the acceptability of BA as an intervention or as a coping strategy among young people with lived experiences. Consultations with a youth advisory group (YAG) from India were used to draw inferences from existing evidence and identify future research priorities. Results As part of the review, 23 RCTs were identified; three studies examined BA as a standalone intervention, and the remaining studies examined multicomponent intervention where BA was a constituent element. The intervention protocols varied in composition, with the number of intervention elements ranging between 5 to 18. There was promising but limited evidence in standalone interventions for thse effectiveness of BA for depression. The impact of BA in multicomponent interventions was difficult to evaluate in the absence of focal assessment of activation outcomes. Evidence from 37 additional qualitative studies of youth lived experience literature, corroborated by the YAG inputs, indicated that young people preferred using behavioral strategies similar to BA to cope with depression in their own life. Themes indicated that the activities that are important to an individual and their socio-contextual factors need to be considered in the planning and implementing BA intervention. Evidence for the use of BA in anxiety was limited across data sources. Conclusions Overall, there was preliminary empirical evidence for the effectiveness and acceptability of BA for youth depression. Further research is needed to examine the components and mechanisms that contribute to its effectiveness as an active intervention ingredient for depression and anxiety.

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