scholarly journals Hospitalized Psychiatric Morbidity in Ireland: A Suggested Approach

1967 ◽  
Vol 113 (499) ◽  
pp. 675-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dermot Walsh ◽  
Brendan Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
World Health ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
First Admission

Ireland has the highest rate of hospitalized mental illness on record. This is borne out both by the World Health Organization figures for treated mental illness (W.H.O., 1961), by international comparisons of point prevalence rates (Arentsen and Strdmgren, 1959) and by consideration of first admission rates (Hammer and Lcacock, 1961). The Irish national figures for each of these measures were respectively 7·12, 10·81 and 1·45 per 1,000 population in 1959. The rates exhibit a distinct geographical pattern within Ireland: they are highest on the coastal areas furthest from Dublin, while in the Dublin area they are as low as those of most western European countries. All three measures have risen over time, and the intercounty variation has also increased since 1900. In 1959 the coefficients of variation for both first admission and hospitalization rates were equal to 25·1 per cent.

scholarly journals The World Health Organization's QualityRights materials for training, guidance and transformation: preventing coercion but marginalising psychiatry

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 (5) ◽  
pp. 240-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Hoare ◽  
Richard M. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Involuntary Treatment ◽  
Training Material ◽  
The World ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Health Organization

SummaryThe World Health Organization has developed training material to support its QualityRights Initiative. These documents offer excellent strategies to limit coercion. However, the negative portrayal of psychiatry, the absolute prohibition on involuntary treatment and the apparent acceptance of the criminalisation of individuals with mental illness are causes for concern.

Psychiatric morbidity in December 2015 flood-affected population in Tamil Nadu, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailaja Bandla ◽  
NR Nappinnai ◽  
Srinivasagopalan Gopalasamy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Floods are the most common type of natural disaster, which have a negative impact on mental health. Following floods, survivors are vulnerable to develop PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder), depression, anxiety and other mental health problems. Aim: The aim is to study the psychiatric morbidity in the persons affected by floods during December 2015. Materials and methods: This study was carried out in Chennai and Cuddalore. In total, 223 persons who were directly exposed to floods were assessed. PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version, Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory and World Health Organization–Five Well-Being Scale (WHO-5) were used in the study. Chi-square test was used to compare the means. Results: Overall, psychiatric morbidity was found to be 45.29%; 60 (26.9%) persons had symptoms of PTSD. Anxiety was found in 48 (27.4%) and depression was found in 101 (45.29%) persons; and 11 (4.9%) persons have reported an increase in substance abuse. Conclusion: Following disaster like floods, there is a need for better preparedness in terms of basic necessities and medical and psychological assistance, particularly emphasizing the needs of older persons in order to prevent the development of psychiatric problems.

scholarly journals How do we engage global communities in the de-stigmatisation of mental illness?

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
Paul Illingworth
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Stigma Of Mental Illness ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) has acknowledged that high-income countries often address discrimination against people with mental health problems, but that low/middle income countries often have significant gaps in their approach to this subject—in how they measure the problem, and in strategies, policies and programmes to prevent it. Localised actions have occurred. These include the Hong Kong government's 2017 international conference on overcoming the stigma of mental illness, and the 2018 London Global Ministerial Mental Health Summit. Furthermore, the UK's Medical Research Council has funded Professor Graham Thornicroft (an expert in mental health discrimination and stigma) to undertake a global study. These and other approaches are welcome and bring improvements; however, they often rely on traditional westernised, ‘global north’ views/approaches. Given the rapid global demographic changes/dynamics and the lack of evidence demonstrating progress towards positive mental health globally, it is time to consider alternative and transformative approaches that encompasses diverse cultures and societies and aligns to the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically UN SDG 3 (Good health and wellbeing). This article describes the need for the change and suggests how positive change can be achieved through transnational inclusive mental health de-stigmatising education.

scholarly journals Why do we need a diagnosis? Maybe a syndrome is enough?

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-7
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental States ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Health Organization

The recent publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5.1 by the American Psychiatric Association, and the continuing work of the World Health Organization on the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases raises once more the question of the need for, the use, and the usefulness of diagnosis in psychiatry The fact that, despite significant advances of science, we are still uncertain about the causes and pathogenesis of mental disorders seems to support the notion that it would be better to use syndromes instead of diagnoses, or go even further and describe mental states in health and disease by a series of ratings on key dimensions of mental functioning. Another option that has also received some backing is the presentation of the universe of mental illness by a series of disease prototypes which, it is argued, would be particularly attractive to practising clinicians. The paper discusses these issues and ends by supporting the use of different ways of presenting mental illness, depending on the purpose of the description.

scholarly journals COVID-19, mental health and psychological first aid

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Minihan ◽  
B. Gavin ◽  
B. D. Kelly ◽  
F. McNicholas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Aid ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychological First Aid ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health And Well Being

Crises such as the global pandemic of COVID-19 (coronavirus) elicit a range of responses from individuals and societies adversely affecting physical and emotional well-being. This article provides an overview of factors elicited in response to COVID-19 and their impact on immunity, physical health, mental health and well-being. Certain groups, such as individuals with mental illness, are especially vulnerable, so it is important to maximise the supports available to this population and their families during the pandemic. More broadly, the World Health Organization recommends ‘Psychological First Aid’ as a useful technique that can help many people in a time of crisis.

Study on comfort evaluation in outdoor space using EEG and questionnaire survey

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Teppei Ishiuchi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
World Health ◽  
Comfort Evaluation ◽  
The World ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

Science has proven that green spaces are important to mental health. According to the World Health Organization, having access to green spaces can reduce health inequalities, improve wellbeing and aid in treatment of mental illness. However, in a modern society where values are diversified and lifestyle patterns are constantly changing, it is not clear whether parks and green spaces are equally effective for all people. Dr Teppei Ishiuchi is exploring how green spaces can impact on mental health. This research ties into a bigger goal of creating living environments where all people feel equally comfortable.

scholarly journals A comparison of hepatitis B seroepidemiology in ten European countries

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
pp. 961-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. NARDONE ◽  
C. G. ANASTASSOPOULOU ◽  
H. THEETEN ◽  
B. KRIZ ◽  
I. DAVIDKIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
European Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Testing Algorithm

SUMMARYTo inform current and future vaccination strategies, we describe the seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in ten representative European countries using standardized serology that allowed international comparisons. Between 1996 and 2003, national serum banks were compiled by collecting residual sera or by community sampling; sera were then tested by each country using its preferred enzyme immunoassays and testing algorithm, and assay results were standardized. Information on current and past HBV vaccination programmes in each country was also collected. Of the ten countries, six reported low levels (<3%) of antibodies against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc). Of the eight countries testing for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), the highest prevalence was reported in Romania (5·6%) and in the remaining seven countries prevalence was <1%. Universal HBV vaccination programmes had been established in seven countries as recommended by the World Health Organization, but the seroprevalence of antibodies against HBsAg (anti-HBs) was lower than the reported vaccine coverage in three countries. Regular serological surveys to ascertain HBV status within a population, such as reported here, provide important data to assess the need for and to evaluate universal HBV vaccination programmes.

scholarly journals Preventing Suicide in Prisons, Part I

Crisis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Konrad ◽  
Marc S. Daigle ◽  
Anasseril E. Daniel ◽  
Greg E. Dear ◽  
Patrick Frottier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Task Force ◽  
International Association ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Correctional Settings ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract. In 2000 the Department of Mental Health of the World Health Organization (WHO) published a guide named Preventing Suicide. A Resource for Prison Officers as part of the WHO worldwide initiative for the prevention of suicide. In 2007 there are new epidemiological data on prison suicide, a more detailed discussion of risk factors accounting for the generally higher rate of suicide in correctional settings in comparison to the general population, and several strategies for developing screening instruments. As a first step, this paper presents an update of the WHO guide by the Task Force on Suicide in Prisons, created by the International Association for Suicide Prevention. A second paper, by the same Task Force, will present some international comparisons of suicide prevention services in correctional facilities.

scholarly journals Alternative routes to healing in Bangladesh

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Michael Radford
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Alternative Routes ◽  
Tribal Areas ◽  
The Village ◽  
Ways Of Life

The mission to find ‘the secret of the village’ is one attraction of engaging in mental health services in Bangladesh. Over the last 15 years much attention in world psychiatry has been given to the fairly robust finding that the prognosis of people with established and severe mental illness is better in ‘developing countries’ than in ‘developed’ ones (e.g. World Health Organization, 1979; Leff et al, 1990; Jablensky et al, 1992). Earlier assumptions that ‘developing’ is a simple variable were almost certainly a result of racist ignorance (Kulhara, 1994). Developing countries are not homogeneous. The variation in mental health outcomes seems to be clearer in more remote villages and tribal areas (Chatterjee et al, 2003), especially those that have less contact with Western (colonial) models of psychiatry and ways of life. More studies on this topic across a wider range of rural and urban settings would have much to offer. Is there something poisonous that comes with lots of expensive services? Or is there something missing?

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