Impact of Psychosocial Factors on the Conduct of Combined Drug and Psychotherapy Research

1975 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Stone ◽  
B. L. Green ◽  
G. C. Gleser ◽  
R. M. Whitman ◽  
B. B. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Similar Percentage ◽  
And Training

SummaryThe effect of attitudes of therapists, patients and researchers on the conduct and outcome of combined drug and psychotherapy research was examined in a brief crisis-oriented psychotherapy clinic. Seventy-seven consecutive patients were given one of two anti-anxiety drugs or a placebo in conjunction with the typical psychoanalytically-oriented treatment used in the clinic. The therapists' attitudes favouring psychotherapy over drug therapy (and psychotherapy research) were clearly conveyed to the patients. Indicative of this are the following: (a) 82 per cent of the patients dropped out of drug taking, although a similar percentage remained in treatment; (b) only a third of the patients perceived it as being important to their therapists that they should take medication; (c) 87 per cent of the patients were rated as improved; and 75 per cent of patients completing forms considered that most or all of their improvement was attributable to talking.The research team, made up of members of the same department who therefore had similar values as the therapists, diligently collected outcome data, but ignored its responsibility to enforce drug-related portions of the protocol. Overall, patients remained in therapy, improved and participated in completing forms, so that only the research goals of combined therapy were thwarted, while traditional clinic service and training goals proceeded as usual.

COMBINATION OF POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE AND PROPYLTHIOURACIL IN THE TREATMENT OF THYROTOXICOSIS

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Røkke ◽  
J. H. Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Potassium Perchlorate ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol

ABSTRACT A report is given on 95 thyrotoxic patients treated with a combination of 400 mg propylthiouracil and 400 mg of potassium perchlorate. Perchlorate was stopped when a marked remission of symptoms was obtained, on an average after less than 7 weeks. Euthyroidism was found on an average after 7.2 weeks. The basal metabolic rate, PBI, plasma total cholesterol and weight showed a fairly rapid normalization. Thirteen of the 95 patients were given radio-iodine therapy shortly before drug therapy was started. The remaining 82 cases were grouped together with the 23 cases previously reported. Of the total of 105 cases, 96 became euthyroid on combined therapy. For the frequency of side-effects, the thirteen cases mentioned above were included, giving a total of 118 cases. Eight cases showed an increase in goitre size and 15 cases had other side-effects, of which three were granulocytopenia due to propylthiouracil. The possibility of a higher frequency of mainly minor side-effects on combined therapy has to be balanced against the seemingly rapid and reliable therapeutic effect. Combined treatment, perhaps with even smaller doses than reported here, can be recommended in selected cases of thyrotoxicosis where a shortening of the thyrotoxic state seems of importance, or possibly where difficulties due to iodine exposure may be anticipated, provided adequate control measures are taken.

scholarly journals Astrophysics research at DAP

2020 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
P.N. Diep ◽  
D.T. Hoai ◽  
P.T. Nhung ◽  
N.T. Phuong ◽  
T.T. Thai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Team ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
High Redshift Galaxies ◽  
National Space ◽  
Training Team ◽  
And Training ◽  
Redshift Galaxies

The research and training team of the Department of Astrophysics (DAP), Vietnam National Space Center, is some twenty years old. Currently, we work in the fields of stellar physics and high-redshift galaxies using mm/sub-mm data observed by world-leading radio interferometers such as ALMA and NOEMA. In this report, we present the research team and its activities and give illustrations of the research work with emphasis on the use of archival data.

The Challenges of Obtaining Credible Data for Transportation Security Modeling

2015 ◽  
pp. 598-611
Author(s):  
Matt Campo ◽  
Michael Greenberg ◽  
Henry Mayer ◽  
Karen Lowrie
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Transportation Security ◽  
Rutgers University ◽  
Data Gaps ◽  
Security Modeling ◽  
Processing Errors ◽  
And Training

The National Transportation Security Center of Excellence (NTSCOE) was established in August 2007 to develop new approaches to defend, protect, and increase the resilience of the nation's multi-modal transportation infrastructure, and to create education and training programs for transportation security. The Center for Transportation Safety, Security, and Risk (CTSSR) at Rutgers University, an NTSCOE institution, developed models that address multi-modal resilience of freight and transit transportation networks. Data collection processes for each project presented significant hurdles for the research team in developing credible and accurate modeling tools. For any given data need, the potential exists for data gaps, collection, and processing errors, publication and use restrictions, and the need to obtain the most timely information. These challenges must be foreseen by researchers and practitioners in order to better accommodate potential restrictions on both data collection and dissemination while still providing users with a tool that improves decision making.

Cognition, competence, and coping in child and adolescent depression: Research findings, developmental concerns, therapeutic implications

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Weisz ◽  
Karen D. Rudolph ◽  
Douglas A. Granger ◽  
Lynne Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Depressed Children

AbstractFindings of the few psychotherapy outcome studies with depressed children and adolescents raise questions about whether or not treatments are sufficiently sensitive to developmental factors. Here we review the outcome data, then survey potentially relevant research on the cognitions, competencies, and coping behavior of depressed youngsters. Much of the work in each domain is both procedurally and theoretically adevelopmental, and the psychotherapy research does not appear to be well informed by research in the other domains. To help remedy this situation, for each domain we suggest key developmental questions that need to be answered, and we discuss implications for psychotherapy. We also propose a three-way partnership involving basic developmental research linked with research on relations between depression and various cognitive and behavioral processes, with both lines of inquiry informing the development and refinement of interventions.

Resolving Controversies in Psychotherapy Research: Discriminating among Psychosocial Factors and Research Purposes

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-209
Author(s):  
Wallace Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Therapy Outcome ◽  
Therapy Process ◽  
Client Outcome ◽  
Therapy Efficacy

Concepts and language generalized from chemotherapy research are not refined enough to address issues relevant to psychotherapy. Shortcomings in language have resulted in four interchanges concerning the effects of psychotherapy vis-à-vis such psychosocial factors as client outcome expectancies. In each case, the debaters actually presented compatible positions which were obscured by using the same terms to refer to qualitatively different events in qualitatively different research purposes. Past controversies can be resolved and future miscommunication can be prevented by discriminating (a) between therapy procedures and the context within which therapy procedures are delivered, (b) between observable and inferred events, (c) between expectancies of therapy outcome and expectancies of therapy process, and (d) between the research purposes of evaluating therapy efficacy and identifying theoretical mechanisms.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL NEUROTHERAPY IN REGULATION IMMUNE RESPONSE COMBINED WITH STANDARD ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUG THERAPY IN ACUTE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
O. V. Kolesnikova ◽  
T. I. Petrenko ◽  
T. A. Kolpakova ◽  
V. A. Trufakin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Antituberculosis Drug ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Phagocyte Activity ◽  
Stress Therapy ◽  
Additional Therapy

The aim of this study was to assess optimizing effects of antistress neurotechnologies on the clinical course of acute pulmonary tuberculosis. The study was performed in three steps: upon admission before treatment, followed by repeated examination at 2 and 4 months. The patients before study were divided into the two groups: (1) 33 patients received standard antituberculosis drug therapy (SDT) and (2) 35 cases after standard antituberculosis drug therapy accompanied by neurothechnological anti-stress therapy (NAT). Patients from the NAT group received a regular audio-visual-vibrotactile stimulation as additional therapy (2 to 3 30-min sessions per week during 4 months). By the time of hospitalization, the groups did not differ in their general immune state. The percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD19+as well as indexes of phagocyte activity showed some changes after 2 and 4 months of therapy. The patients from both groups before treatment exhibited lymphocytosis, decreased phagocyte activity, when compared to healthy individuals. By the end of therapy (4 months), the patients from the NAT group showed increased phagocytosis by monocytes (p < 0.01) and granulocytes (p < 0.05) which approached values of healthy control. The study demonstrated also that efficiency of combined therapy was higher in the NAT vs. SDT group: closure of lung destruction cavities was observed in 90.5% of patients from the NAT group vs 45% of patients from the STD group. The results present evidence for combined implementation of neurothechnological anti-stress therapies as a supplementary method for the standard specific drug therapy in primary infiltrative lung tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Missing data in randomised controlled trials of rheumatoid arthritis drug therapy are substantial and handled inappropriately

RMD Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e001708
Author(s):  
Nasim A Khan ◽  
Karina D Torralba ◽  
Fawad Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Imputation Methods ◽  
Simple Imputation

ObjectivesTo analyse the amount, reporting and handling of missing data, approach to intention-to-treat (ITT) principle application and sensitivity analysis utilisation in randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To assess the trend in such reporting 10 years apart (2006 and 2016).MethodsParallel group drug therapy RA RCTs with a clinical primary endpoint.Results176 studies enrolling a median of 160 (IQR 62–339) patients were eligible. In terms of actual analysis: 81 (46%) RCTs conducted ITT, 42 (23.9%) conducted modified ITT while 53 (30.1%) conducted non-ITT analysis. Only 58 of 97 (59.8%) RCTs reporting an ITT analysis actually performed it. The median (IQR) numbers of participants completing the trial and included in analysis for primary outcome were 86% (74%–91%) and 100% (97.1%–100%), respectively. 53 (32.7%) and 65 (40.1%) RCTs had >20% and 10%–20% missing primary outcome data, respectively. Missing data handling was unreported by 58 of 171 (33.9%) RCTs. When reported, vast majority used simple imputation methods. No significant trend towards improved reporting was seen between 2006 and 2016. Sensitivity analysis numerically improved from 2006 to 2016 (14.7% vs 21.4%).ConclusionsThere is significant discrepancy in the reported and the actual performed analysis in RA drug therapy RCTs. Nearly one-third of RCTs had >20% missing data. The reporting and methods of missing data handling remain inadequate with high usage of non-preferred simple imputation methods. Sensitivity analysis utilisation was low. No trend towards better missing data reporting and handling was seen.

The Challenges of Obtaining Credible Data for Transportation Security Modeling

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Matt Campo ◽  
Michael Greenberg ◽  
Henry Mayer ◽  
Karen Lowrie
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Transportation Security ◽  
Rutgers University ◽  
Data Gaps ◽  
Security Modeling ◽  
Processing Errors ◽  
And Training

The National Transportation Security Center of Excellence (NTSCOE) was established in August 2007 to develop new approaches to defend, protect, and increase the resilience of the nation's multi-modal transportation infrastructure, and to create education and training programs for transportation security. The Center for Transportation Safety, Security, and Risk (CTSSR) at Rutgers University, an NTSCOE institution, developed models that address multi-modal resilience of freight and transit transportation networks. Data collection processes for each project presented significant hurdles for the research team in developing credible and accurate modeling tools. For any given data need, the potential exists for data gaps, collection, and processing errors, publication and use restrictions, and the need to obtain the most timely information. These challenges must be foreseen by researchers and practitioners in order to better accommodate potential restrictions on both data collection and dissemination while still providing users with a tool that improves decision making.

“Forgetting the Pain”: Successful Applicants’ Experiences of Attaining a Dietetic Internship Position in Ontario

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Olivia Siswanto ◽  
Jennifer Brady ◽  
Patricia Alvarenga ◽  
Ahuva Magder ◽  
Jordana Riesel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Home Economics ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Survey Item ◽  
Dietetic Internship ◽  
And Training

This study seeks to explore the lived experience of students who applied to an Ontario-based dietetic internship program and were successful upon their first application attempt. A 32-item online survey was distributed via email to all students who graduated from Brescia University College, Guelph University, and Ryerson University between 2006 and 2011 and to members of the Dietitians of Canada Student Network, Toronto Home Economics Association, and Ontario Home Economists in Business. The final survey item invited respondents to participate in one-on-one interview. The semi-structured interviews focused on participants’ experience of applying to and receiving an internship position. Interviews were conducted either in person or by telephone and were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed by the research team. Of the 82 participants who completed the online survey, 17 respondents participated in a one-on-one interview. Even students who were successful at attaining an internship are negatively impacted by having to compete with peers for an internship spot in Ontario. This research serves as a comparison to previous work examining the experiences of not attaining an internship. Both studies point directly to the changes urgently required to enhance the current model of education and training in Ontario.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document