The Lifetime Outcome and Involuntary Movements of Schizophrenia Never Treated with Neuroleptic Drugs

1990 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Waddington ◽  
Hanafy A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Neuroleptic Drugs ◽  
Involuntary Movements ◽  
Orofacial Movements ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Four elderly schizophrenic patients who had never been treated with neuroleptics, and a fifth patient who had received only the briefest exposure to such drugs, had retained their distinct clinical characteristics. Involuntary orofacial movements and cognitive dysfunction were found more uniformly than any particular pattern of symptoms.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction: progress mechanisms and clinical characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (19) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
K. B. Manysheva ◽  
M. A. Akhmedov ◽  
A. A. Rakhmanova ◽  
S. M. Khutalieva
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation ◽  
Brain Barrier Permeability ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The article is devoted to the study of postoperative cognitive dysfunction — a syndrome that is often found in the postoperative period and does not depend on the volume of surgeon. Based on the analysis of the results of modern studies, the authors cite the most likely etiological causes of the syndrome, grouped according to different categories of risk factors. The pathogenetic algorithm for cognitive dysfunction includes the appearance of systemic inflammation, improving blood-brain barrier permeability with the endothelial dysfunction, the migration of inflammatory agents into the central nervous system, and the formation of oxidative stress. The clinical manifestations of cognitive deficit in the outcome of surgeon performed under general anesthesia, the authors illustrate with their own observations of patients with a neurosurgical profile with spinal pathology operated on with the use of propofol anesthesia, comparing the results of neuropsychological testing with an assessment of the level of anxiety. In conclusion, the authors outline a strategy for the prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and recommend conducting neuropsychological rehabilitation as an important component of postoperative recovery for all patients with a diagnosed cognitive deficit that occurred after surgery.

Treatment of tardive dyskinesia

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Neuroleptic Drugs ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Neuroleptic drugs cause many forms of extra-pyramidal syndromes. One of these, tardive dyskinesia,1 occurs only after the patient has been taking the drug for some time (‘tardive’ refers to the late onset). The movements are involuntary and repetitive usually involving the face and tongue, but they may also affect the limbs and trunk. Tongue protrusion, licking and smacking of the lips, sucking and chewing movements, grimacing, grunting, blinking and furrowing of the forehead have all been described and attributed to long-continued medication with neuroleptic drugs of the phenothiazine, butyrophenone and thioxanthene groups. The patient can inhibit the movements, but anxiety makes them worse. Many of these symptoms were noticed in schizophrenic patients before neuroleptic drugs were introduced2 and they can occur in otherwise normal untreated elderly people. Nevertheless it is generally accepted that in most cases tardive dyskinesia is an unwanted effect of neuroleptic medication. Despite suggestions to the contrary, the abnormal movements are not necessarily associated with high dosage of neuroleptic drugs or with pre-existing brain damage.3 4 Tardive dyskinesia has been reported in 3–6% of a mixed population of psychiatric patients5 and over half of a group of chronic schizophrenics on long-term treatment.4 The more careful the neurological examination, the greater the apparent incidence.

Cognitive dysfunction and ocular movements in chronic schizophrenic patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 280S
Author(s):  
T. Narita ◽  
M. Nakamura ◽  
J. Kato ◽  
O. Furukawa ◽  
Y. Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Ocular Movements ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in schizophrenic and manic-depressive patients.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
D S Abdalla ◽  
H P Monteiro ◽  
J A Oliveira ◽  
E J Bechara
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Active Oxygen Species ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Neuroleptic Drugs ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Manifestations ◽  
Depressive Patients

Abstract Activities of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) in erythrocytes were evaluated in 50 schizophrenic and 20 manic-depressive patients, who were or were not being treated with different neuroleptic drugs, and results were compared with those for 58 normal individuals. Neuroleptic-treated and untreated schizophrenic patients showed similar activities of superoxide dismutase, about 60% higher than those found in normal individuals (p less than 0.001). In manic-depressive patients treated with either lithium (n = 8) or lithium plus neuroleptic drugs (n = 12), superoxide dismutase activities were increased by about 40% over those of normal subjects (p less than 0.001). Significantly abnormal activities of glutathione peroxidase were found only in the sub-group of schizophrenic women. These results are interpreted in terms of active oxygen species involvement in the psychiatric manifestations.

The Expectation of Outcome from Maintenance Therapy in Chronic Schizophrenic Patients

1976 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. W. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Neuroleptic Drugs ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Long Acting

SummaryThe results from a prospective follow-up study of a group of schizophrenic patients suggest that a significant proportion (41 per cent) are likely to relapse during a two-year period despite the prescription of long-acting injectable neuroleptic drugs. Some will relapse because of a failure of the regime, but others (32–37 per cent) because the pharmacological protection of these drugs would appear to be less effective in certain patients. Even with the major advantages of the long-acting injectable neuroleptics over oral medication, the schizophrenic patient population remains a group with a high incidence of psychiatric and social morbidity which continues to require the full resources of both the hospital and community services.

Coping Style and Cognitive Dysfunction in Schizophrenic Patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 161 (S18) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Bosch Van Den ◽  
Maria J. O. Asma Van ◽  
René Rombouts ◽  
Jan Willem Louwerens
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Schizophrenic Disorder ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Know How ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Firm Scientific Basis

It is important to know how people with a schizophrenic disorder experience their cognitive vulnerability and how that experience affects their daily lives. Rehabilitation, as we understand it, has the aim of stimulating patients to make the best use of their residual capacities, especially in dealing with social complexity. Unfortunately, the rehabilitation approach in psychiatry still lacks a firm scientific basis. Strong links need to be developed between the practice of rehabilitation and theories of basic cognitive and behavioural dysfunction in schizophrenic patients (Watts & Bennett, 1983). It is a prerequisite that the subjective experiences of patients are included in this endeavour: schizophrenia is an ‘I am’ illness (Estroff, 1989).

scholarly journals Quality of life in schizophrenic patients: the influence of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and satisfaction with social support

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Manuela Guedes de Pinho ◽  
Anabela Maria de Sousa Pereira ◽  
Cláudia Margarida Correia Balula Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Support Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Abstract Objective To evaluate the relationship of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and satisfaction with social support with the quality of life of schizophrenic patients. Methodology This study included a sample of 268 participants. An interview was conducted to obtain sociodemographic and clinical data, supplemented with two assessment tools used to evaluate quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument-Abbreviated version – WHOQOL-Bref) and satisfaction with social support (Social Support Satisfaction Scale – SSSS). Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. Results Most individuals were male (63.4%), with a mean age of 45.4 years, single (85.4%), living with their family (62.3%) and unemployed (90.3%). As for clinical characteristics, most had the disease for less than 20 years (50.7%), and 55.6% had at least one hospitalization within the last 5 years. Being employed and having had no hospitalization within the last 5 years were positively correlated with one or more WHOQOL-Bref domains. The results of the variables intimacy (p<0.001) and satisfaction with friends (p<0.001) were independently related to the total WHOQOL-Bref score. Conclusion Having a job, having had no hospitalization within the last 5 years and having greater satisfaction with social support are factors that positively influence quality of life among schizophrenics. It is therefore crucial that the psychosocial rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia take these factors into account, increasing the support network, preventing relapses and promoting occupational activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document