Phentermine and Psychosis

BackgroundWe investigated whether reported psychiatric morbidity was increased after termination of pregnancy compared with other outcomes of an unplanned pregnancy.MethodThis was a prospective cohort study of 13 261 women with an unplanned pregnancy. Psychiatric morbidity reported by GPs after the conclusion of the pregnancy was compared in four groups: women who had a termination of pregnancy (6410), women who did not request a termination (6151), women who were refused a termination (379), and women who changed their minds before the termination was performed (321).ResultsRates of total reported psychiatric disorder were no higher after termination of pregnancy than after childbirth. Women with a previous history of psychiatric illness were most at risk of disorder after the end of their pregnancy, whatever its outcome. Women without a previous history of psychosis had an apparently lower risk of psychosis after termination than postpartum (relative risk RR = 0.4, 95% confidence interval CI = 0.3–0.7), but rates of psychosis leading to hospital admission were similar. In women with no previous history of psychiatric illness, deliberate self-harm (DSH) was more common in those who had a termination (RR 1.7, 95%CI 1.1–2.6), or who were refused a termination (RR 2.9, 95%CI 1.3–6.3).ConclusionsThe findings on DSH are probably explicable by confounding variables, such as adverse social factors, associated both with the request for termination and with subsequent self-harm. No overall increase in reported psychiatric morbidity was found.

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Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: Psychiatric presentation and diagnostic challenges from psychosomatic medicine perspective

Palliative & Supportive Care ◽

10.1017/s1478951513000515 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 159-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Nataliya A. Gulyayeva ◽

Mary Jane Massie ◽

Katherine N. Duhamel

Keyword(s):

Nmda Receptor ◽

Psychosomatic Medicine ◽

Clinical Picture ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Previous History ◽

Recreational Drug ◽

Nmda Receptor Encephalitis ◽

Recreational Drug Use ◽

History Of

AbstractWe describe two cases of confirmed anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis; one patient initially presented with a clinical picture that resembled delirium and later appeared to present with a conversion reaction and the second patient presented with a first psychotic break followed by the clinical picture of neuroleptic malignant syndrome with catatonia. Neither patient had a previous history of psychiatric illness or recreational drug use. These cases illustrate the diagnostic and treatment challenges associated with this neuropsychiatric condition and underscore the role of psychosomatic medicine psychiatrists in diagnosing anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis.

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Attitudes of patients with psychiatric illness toward traditional healing

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0020764017748987 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 107-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdelaziz A Omer ◽

Amir A Mufaddel

Keyword(s):

Early Intervention ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Previous History ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Traditional Healing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Traditional Treatment ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of

Background: The role of traditional healers in the community remains an issue of debate as they have a role in the community that could not be neglected. Traditional medicine can be a barrier for early intervention and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Aim: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study that aims to evaluate the attitude of patients toward traditional healing in Khartoum teaching hospital in Sudan. Method: Patients who attended the outpatient clinic were asked about previous history of seeking treatment from traditional healers. A specific questionnaire was introduced to participants. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the data variables, and tabulated tables were used to calculate chi-square test for categorical data and the significance was set at p < .05. Results: From a total of 131 subjects, there were 111 (84%) of patients who reported previous history of seeking traditional treatment for psychiatric illness. No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of psychiatric diagnosis ( p = .559) or sociodemographic characteristics including age ( p = .740), gender ( p = .469) and educational level ( p = .226). The decision of seeking traditional treatment was mostly taken by families and the patients took the decision in only 27% of cases. The majority of participants (55.9%) believe that their psychiatric symptoms are due to evil eye, and 20.7% believe that the symptoms are due to magic. The type of traditional treatment was significantly related to gender ( p = .003) but not related to level of education ( p = .137). Conclusion: The vast majority of psychiatric patients have history of receiving traditional healing, and the decisions regarding treatment are taken by family in most of the cases. Further research is needed to evaluate future projects of providing psychoeducation to the community and to invite traditional healers to participate in channels of referral for cases that need early intervention with psychotropic medications.

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Acute mania with psychotic symptom in post COVID-19 patient

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (S1) ◽

pp. S50-S51

Author(s):

Sridevi Shanmugam ◽

Praveen Kumar ◽

Blaga Carr

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Previous History ◽

Acute Mania ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

High Dose ◽

Neuropsychiatric Complications ◽

History Of

AimsCOVID-19 is an on-going pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recent evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may be associated with various neuropsychiatric symptoms, including mania. We present a case of a middle aged man presenting with acute mania with psychotic symptoms 20 days post COVID infection in the absence of prior psychiatric illness. This report highlights the need for rigorous neuropsychiatric assessment in patient with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodA 52-year-old man of West African origin with past history of hypertension and no previous history of mental health illness presented with acute manic symptoms on background of two weeks of high fever, diarrhoea, mild headache, dry cough and anosmia. He was tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection on COVID PCR test. He was under self-isolation along with his family members who exhibited mild symptoms of SARS-CoV-2, none of them required hospital admission. He was initially fearful to seek medical attention but was brought in by family after exhibiting behaviour changes, obsession with toilet cleaning, reckless spending and getting aggressive approximately two weeks after the onset of acute upper respiratory symptoms. He presented elated in mood with pressure of speech and grandiose ideas. Investigations like neuroimaging and bloods were unremarkable. Initial psychiatric assessment found symptoms consistent with acute mania and he was detained under the Mental Health Act. During admission, he was sexually disinhibited and agitated on the ward requiring IM antipsychotics. He was treated with high dose of Olanzapine and Sodium valproate and his symptoms subsided within two weeks.ResultThis case emphasises the manifestation of neuropsychiatric illness post COVID-19 without a background of psychiatric illness, hypoxemia and cerebral infarction.Based on the CORONERVE Programme and latest retrospective Lancet cohort studies, the period between 14 and 90 days after diagnosis, 5.8% COVID-19 survivors had their first recorded diagnosis of psychiatric illness.It is also important to consider other organic disease given the simultaneous diagnosis of COVID-19. Although it is not yet possible to confirm here due to the lack of a validated CSF-PCR assay, previous reports have implicated SARS-CoV-2 in the development of viral encephalitis, and this remains an important differential.ConclusionClinicians should be alert to the possibility of patients with COVID-19 developing neuropsychiatric complications post SARS-CoV-2 infection, mandating the need for vigilant initial neuropsychiatric assessment and possibly follow-up care in 3 months.

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Factors of psychiatric morbidity during perinatal period

Bangladesh Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.3329/bjpsy.v29i2.37850 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 53-58

Author(s):

Shahana Parveen ◽

Mohammad Akteruzzaman ◽

Mohammad Muntasir Maruf ◽

Sumiya Akhter ◽

Sadya Tarannum

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Family Environment ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Previous History ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Psychiatric Evaluation ◽

History Of ◽

Axis I

The presence of psychiatric disorders during perinatal period imposes negative and long-term effect on maternal health and child development as well as normal family environment. The purpose of our study was to investigate the socio-demographic factors associated with psychiatric morbidity during perinatal period. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among purposively selected 197 perinatal women attending the Obstetrics & Gynaecology Outpatient Department (OPD) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from August 2012 to July 2013. Data were collected through face-to-face interview by administering a semistructured questionnaire, containing socio-demographic and other variables and translated Bangla version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I Disorders – Clinician Version (SCID-CV). Majority (79.7%) of the women were included in the age group of 20-34 years. The mean (±SD) age of the respondents were calculated as 24.60 (±4.88) years. Rural habitat was predominant (53.6%). A good number (5.1%) of respondents with psychiatric disorders had positive family history of psychiatric illness which was found statistically significant. Majority (7.6%) of the respondents with psychiatric disorders had previous history of psychiatric illness. Women in perinatal period with the risk factors for developing psychiatric disorders need proper psychiatric evaluation to prevent and treat perinatal mental illness.Bang J Psychiatry December 2015; 29(2): 53-58

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Prevalence of depression, stress, anxiety among information technology professionals during COVID-19 lockdown, 2020 in Kerala

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214610 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 6031

Author(s):

Cissy James ◽

Gopika G. ◽

Irina Mariya Diju ◽

Aswathy T. R. ◽

Karthika J. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Past History ◽

Previous History ◽

Relationship Status ◽

Information Technology Professionals ◽

It Professionals ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Study Participants

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed the work pattern of information technology professionals who had to shift from the work from office to work from home pattern. The comforts of home, that they used to enjoy, was now taken up by an office space at home and this has potentially altered the mental health status of these professionals.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among IT professionals within the age group 21-45 years working in Kerala. 218 subjects were included in the study. A self-prepared structured questionnaire was used to collect basic demographic information and depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS 21) scale was used to assess depression anxiety and stress among IT professionals using Google form. Informed consent was obtained in the beginning of the questionnaire. The data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS software.Results: Out of the total study participants 50.5% (110) were males and 49% (108) were females. 42.7% were married and 57.3% were unmarried and none of them were divorced or living separated. Most of the study participants (62.8%) had monthly income below 50,000. Out of the total study participants, 72 (33%) of them were working in IT field for less than 2 years, 52 were working for last 2-4 years, 51 were working for last 4-8 years and only 43 individuals were working for more than 8 years. 67% of them had their working hours raised during COVID lock down. In our study while 21.6% had a previous history of psychiatric illness for which they have consulted a doctor/psychologist. Out of all the study subjects, 4.1% were mildly depressed, 6.9% were moderately depressed, 5.5% were severely depressed and 1.8% had extremely severe depression. Most of the study subjects (81.7%) were not anxious, 9.2% were mildly anxious, 6.8% were moderately anxious, 2.3% were severely anxious. 76.9% had no stress, 6.1% were mildly stressed, 11.5% were moderately stressed, 4.6% were severely stressed and 0.9% had extremely severe stress. Depression among IT professionals during COVID-19 lockdown was found to be significantly associated with past history of psychiatric illness. Anxiety was found to be significantly associated with past history of psychiatric illness and unmarried relationship status. The stress among IT professionals during lockdown was found to be significantly associated with previous history of psychiatric illness and unmarried relationship status.Conclusions: 18.3% of the IT professionals had some degree of depression and 23.1% was facing stress 18.3% was anxious. Past history of psychiatric illness was associated with increased depression anxiety and stress. Unmarried relationship status was associated with associated with increased anxiety and stress.

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A study of anxiety, depression and stress symptoms among Fayoum medical students during COVID-19 lockdown, Egypt

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery ◽

10.1186/s41983-021-00377-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed R. Soltan ◽

Shaimaa S. Soliman ◽

Mariam E. Dawoud

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Previous History ◽

Road Accident ◽

Psychological Effects ◽

Road Accidents ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The widespread pandemic of COVID-19 virus carries not only physical hazards, but also major psychological effects especially among medical students. The aim was to investigate the psychological effects of COVID-19 on medical students and the factors affecting them. The study was carried out with an online questionnaire distributed through Google Forms for medical students at Faculty of Medicine, Egypt. The questionnaire included socio-demographic questions, validated psychometric tools for the assessment of depression, anxiety and stress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales DASS-21) and the Impact of Event Stress Scale-Revised (IES-R) were applied. Results The total number of participants was 282 students. Percentage of participants with clinically significant depression was 75.2%, anxiety was 56.4% and stress was 52.9%. Those showed PTSD probability was 54.3%. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that IES remained significantly associated with gender and previous road accidents, depression and anxiety remained significantly associated with personal history of psychiatric illness, while stress remained significantly associated with gender and previous road accidents. Conclusions Medical students were highly depressed, anxious and stressed during period of COVID-19 pandemic. Being a female, having previous history of psychiatric illness and previous road accident were highly associated with increasing the psychological impact of COVID-19.

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A Study of 133 Suicides among Canadian Federal Prisoners

Medicine Science and the Law ◽

10.1177/002580249303300207 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 121-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

C Green ◽

K Kendall ◽

G Andre ◽

T Looman ◽

N Polvi

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Abuse ◽

Marital Status ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Previous History ◽

History Of ◽

Federal Prisoners ◽

Length Of Sentence

This paper reviews the literature on prison suicide. The characteristics of suicide within the Canadian Federal Penetentiary Service are compared with previous data. In the population examined, prison suicide was found to be a predominently male phenomenon, not associated with age, offence type, previous convictions or length of sentence. It was most commonly committed by hanging, frequently occurring in the period shortly after sentencing. Suicide was associated with single marital status, earlier suicide attempts, a history of drug or alcohol abuse, and a previous history of psychiatric illness.

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