Preliminary Tuberculosis Survey in a Mental Hospital

1946 ◽  
Vol 92 (386) ◽  
pp. 96-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donal F. Early
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Disproportionate Number

The problem of tuberculosis amongst mental hospital patients is of importance from both the psychiatric and public health point of view. Most of the active methods of psychiatric treatment must be abandoned or discontinued when physical illness intervenes. The problem is even more far-reaching from the standpoint of public health. Wingfield, Trail, Banks and McDougall (1942) have estimated that there is probably a reservoir of 250,000 infectious cases recognized and unrecognized in England, Scotland and Wales, and several authors have pointed out that mental hospitals contribute a disproportionate number to this reservoir. Modern methods of mental hospital administration with parole and leave privileges applied to the maximum number of patients lend importance to the public health aspect, not only the patients themselves and hospital staff being menaced, but also patients' visitors and relatives and other contacts outside hospital. The incidence of tuberculosis in mental hospitals has been variously estimated at 5 to 10 times and the mortality in peace-time 8 or 9 times that of the general population. These figures are sufficient to justify all efforts to bring the problem under control.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-693
Author(s):  
STARKEY D. DAVIS ◽  
RALPH J. WEDGWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
The One ◽  
Isoniazid Prophylaxis

Dr. Yerushalmy points out the excess mortality in the isoniazid pupulation in two trials: contacts of new cases and patients in mental hospitals. He failed to mention that the Public Health Service has conducted five other isoniazid prophylaxis trials (Table I). In the six trials listed, excluding the one in institutions, the isoniazid groups had more deaths in three trials, the placebo group had more deaths in two trials, and in one trial the number of deaths in each group was equal.

scholarly journals LOCAL MEDIA IN THE CORONA CRISIS: SIGNIFICANCE AND CHALLENGES ON THE EXAMPLE OF POŽEGA 034 PORTAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ante Mandarić ◽  
Goran Matijević
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Crisis Communication ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Local Media ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

The epidemic of the disease COVID-19, in Požeština in relation to China, where it originated in other parts of Croatia, appeared somewhat later, while Požega-Slavonia County in terms of total share in relation to other counties in Croatia remained relatively well , 16th place, out of a total of 20 counties, ie a smaller number of patients was recorded. In the conditions of public health danger to the health and lives of people with expressed uncertainty, citizens around the world were flooded with numerous information, about the disease, ways of prevention, treatment that at one point threatened to turn into an infodemia, as warned by the WHO. The importance of crisis communication in such conditions is of great importance, and how governments and headquarters communicate messages about the crisis to the public, which is discussed in the first parts of the paper and points out several inconsistencies and illogicalities in the actions of the state headquarters. prohibition and permission to make recommendations contrary to the epidemiologist’s recommendations. But more important than the recommendations of headquarters and governments, today are the recommendations and news transmitted by digital media, and especially the local ones that bring news and recommendations for the area where we live. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate in the central part the significance of the local 034 Portal in the Corona crisis, and its monitoring of the crisis and its impact on the public. Research through several segments, it was found that the portal maintained the level of reporting on regular events and adjusted reporting on the Crown to the conditions and situation in the county, not leading to sensationalism, concern, fear, but was a carrier of preventive activities and a good ally in the fight. against the epidemic, that is, he followed the guidelines for informing the WHO and did not contribute to the creation of an infodemia.

scholarly journals The concept of public health. Types of health systems. Parallel between the Romanian and the Australian health system

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Dorel Dulău ◽  
◽  
Simona Bungău ◽  
Lucia Daina ◽  
Camelia Buhaş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Centralization And Decentralization

Medical management is a field that combines, both in theory and in practice, two somewhat different domains, administration and the medical domain, creating a third area of activity, namely that of medical management. This review is part of a study of health services management, which seeks to find solutions to improve the efficiency of the the management and administration of the medical system, both locally and nationally. In order to be able to study and evaluate, from a scientific point of view, the concepts of centralization and decentralization of the public health system in Romania, it is absolutely pertinent, but also mandatory, to focus on defining the notion of health system. Only later can we approach and research the process of decentralization of health, the political and economic context in which it can be initiated, as well as how to activate and carry it out. Decentralization, as a phenomenon of the transfer of rights and obligations, from the level of the central authority to the level of the local authority, can take various forms. From a theoretical and practical point of view, the forms of decentralization can be studied, evaluated and concluded by emphasizing the strengths and weaknesses. Also important to study are the ways of putting health systems into practice, which from the point of view of the source of funding are divided into state-funded health systems (Semashko, Beveridge and Bismarck) and privately funded health systems.

scholarly journals Estimation of Premature Deaths From Lack of Access to Anti-HER2 Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer in the Brazilian Public Health System

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Debiasi ◽  
Tomás Reinert ◽  
Rafael Kaliks ◽  
Gilberto Amorim ◽  
Maira Caleffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health System ◽  
Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
The Public ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Positive Breast Cancer

Purpose Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -positive metastatic tumors treated in the public health system in Brazil do not have access to trastuzumab. This study aimed to estimate the impact of the lack of access to anti-HER2 therapies on the mortality of these patients. Methods On the basis of published data, the number of patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer in 2016 who should receive anti-HER2 targeted therapy was estimated. Three different treatment groups were considered for this hypothetical cohort: chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus trastuzumab, and chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and pertuzumab. The number of patients alive after 2 years of follow-up was estimated on the basis of the efficacy results of the pivotal trials considering these interventions. Results It was calculated that 2,008 women will be diagnosed with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer in Brazil in 2016. It was estimated that only 808 women would be alive in 2018 if they receive only chemotherapy (which is the treatment offered by the public health system). On the other hand, the bar rises to 1,408 women alive in 2018 if they receive chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and 1,576 women alive in 2018 if they receive the gold standard of chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and pertuzumab. Conclusion Trastuzumab is included in the WHO’s list of essential medications, but the Brazilian public health system does not yet provide this treatment to its population with advanced disease. The introduction of trastuzumab and pertuzumab would have a positive effect, preventing premature deaths in women with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer in Brazil.

A Note on the use of the 1937 Revision of the Stanford Binet Vocabulary List in Mental Hospital Patients

1940 ◽  
Vol 86 (362) ◽  
pp. 532-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Brody
Keyword(s):  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Single Test ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Vocabulary List

The Terman vocabulary test is probably used in mental hospitals more often than any other single test for measuring intelligence. The 1937 Stanford Binet Vocabulary List contains only 45 words selected from the original hundred. There is therefore a temptation to use it in place of the old one on account of its brevity. But this may cause serious errors.

scholarly journals Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolated from bloodculture: Causes or contaminants?

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Stojanovic ◽  
Branislava Kocic ◽  
Gordana Randjelovic ◽  
Vojislav Ciric
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Public Health Institute

Introduction According to the results of different investigations, the opinion that isolate of coagulase-negative staphylococci by bloodcultures represents the blood infection in 10-12% patient. The aim of the work was to determine the number of patients with blood infection-sepsa induced coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated by bloodcultures. Material and methods: The research was done at the Institute for Public Health in Nis. The basic group consisted of 56 patients and coagulase-negative staphylococci were segregated form their bloodcultures. The growth of microorganisms was monitored by the computerized apparatus 'Bactec 9120'. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were identified by the standard microbiologic method and Vitec AMS system. Results Eight patients (14.28%) were found to have minimum two signs of blood infection. S. epidermis was isolated in four patients. S. saprophyticus was isolated in the patients on hemodialysis with implanted urinary catheter. S. capitis was isolated in the patients with infarctus miocardi. S. auricularis was isolated in child who was administered the immunosuppressive therapy before and during hospitalization due to an acute asthmatic attack. The isolate of S. simulans was cultivated from samples of the patients hospitalized due to the febrile state. Discussion A correct interpretation of coagulase-negative staphylococci findings in bloodcultures is an overriding part of medical treatment. The best laboratory indicators of the presence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in blood would be to segregate those of the same kind from two samples at the same time but from different anatomic sites in the presence of clinical signs of blood infection. Conclusion In the investigation conducted at the Public Health Institute-Nis, we determined that bloodcultures isolated coagulase-negative staphylococci represent the blood infection on 14.28% patient.

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