scholarly journals A measure of perceived stigma in people with intellectual disability

2008 ◽  
Vol 193 (5) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afia Ali ◽  
Andre Strydom ◽  
Angela Hassiotis ◽  
Rachael Williams ◽  
Michael King
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Moderate Intellectual Disability ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThere is a lack of validated instruments measuring perceived stigma in people with intellectual disability.AimsTo develop a valid and reliable self-rated instrument to measure perceived stigma that can be completed by people with mild to moderate intellectual disability.MethodA literature search was used to generate a list of statements. Professionals, individuals with intellectual disability and carers were consulted about the suitability of statements. An instrument was developed containing statements about stigma with accompanying photographs. Test–retest reliability, internal consistency and the factor structure of the instrument were evaluated.ResultsThe instrument was completed by 109 people once and 88 people twice. Items with limited variability in responses and kappa coefficients lower than 0.4 were dropped. Exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors: ‘perceived discrimination’ (seven items) and ‘reaction to discrimination’ (four items). One item loaded onto both factors. Cronbach's alpha for the ten-item instrument was 0.84.ConclusionsThis instrument will further our understanding of the impact of stigma in people with intellectual disability in clinical and research settings.

Exploratory factor analysis of the Adapted Skillstreaming Checklist for children with autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-446
Author(s):  
Christopher Lopata ◽  
James P Donnelly ◽  
Marcus L Thomeer ◽  
Jonathan D Rodgers ◽  
Martin A Volker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Behavioral Flexibility ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

The Adapted Skillstreaming Checklist measures social/social-communication skills and behavioral flexibility/regulation of children with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Prior studies provided support for the reliability and criterion-related validity of the Adapted Skillstreaming Checklist total score for these children; however, no studies have examined the Adapted Skillstreaming Checklist factor structure. This exploratory factor analysis examined the factor structure and internal consistency of parent ratings on the Adapted Skillstreaming Checklist for a sample of 331 children, ages 6–12 years, with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Results yielded a correlated three-factor solution. The individual factors and total score demonstrated very good internal consistency reliability. Findings supported the presence and interpretability of three subscales, as well as derivation of a total composite reflecting overall prosocial and adaptive skills and behaviors. Implications for assessment and research are discussed.

Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity of the Death Attitude Profile-Revised

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Clements ◽  
Linda A. Rooda
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Hospice Nurses ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Two Factors

The Present Study Examined The Factor Structure, reliability, and validity of the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R; Wong, Reker, & Gesser, 1994) using a sample of 403 hospital and hospice nurses. A principal-components factor analysis of the DAP-R indicated that the DAP-R may consist of six factors instead of the five originally reported by Wong et al. The first four factors reported by Wong et al., which correspond to the subscales that they labeled Fear of Death, Death Avoidance, Approach Acceptance, and Escape Acceptance, were replicated in the present study, and these subscales were found to have acceptable levels of internal consistency and to possess some degree of concurrent validity. However, the items which loaded on the fifth factor in Wong et al.‘s study (their “Neutral Acceptance” subscale) were split across two factors in the present study, suggesting that this subscale may not be measuring a unitary construct.

scholarly journals Arabic Translation of the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire: Instrument Validation Study of Factor Structure and Reliability (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser F BinDhim ◽  
Nora A Althumiri ◽  
Mada H Basyouni ◽  
Omar T Sims ◽  
Noara Alhusseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Enacted Stigma ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

BACKGROUND While it is most often associated with its effects on physical health, obesity is also associated with serious self-stigmatization. The lack of a suitable, validated tool to measure weight-related self-stigma in Arabic countries may be partly responsible for the scarcity of literature about this problem. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ). METHODS Data on the Arabic-translated version of the 12-item WSSQ were collected using two cross-sectional electronic questionnaires distributed among Saudi nationals through the Sharik Association for Health Research’s database in June 2020. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and exploratory factor analysis of the Arabic WSSQ were assessed and compared with the original English version and other translations. RESULTS For reliability analysis, 43 participants completed the Arabic WSSQ during two time periods. Internal consistency was α=.898 for the overall survey, α=.819 for the fear of enacted stigma subscale (factor 1), and α=.847 for the self-devaluation subscale (factor 2). The test-retest reliability of the intraclass correlation coefficient was α=.982. In the factor structure analysis, 295 participants completed the questionnaire. The Arabic WSSQ loading of the items was consistent with the original WSSQ, except for the loading of item 9, which was stronger in factor 2 than in factor 1. The two factors accounted for the observed variances of 47.7% and 10.6%. CONCLUSIONS The Arabic version of the WSSQ has good internal consistency and reliability, and the factorial structure is similar to that of the original WSSQ. The Arabic WSSQ is adaptable for clinicians seeking to assess weight-related self-stigma in Arabic-speaking people.

scholarly journals Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression 10-item Scale on Chinese International Students in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Yang Eun Kim ◽  
Boram Lee
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
International Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chinese International Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Introduction: Depression has become increasingly prevalent in Chinese international students in South Korea. For this population, therefore, accurate assessment of mood disorders, particularly depression, is critically important. The 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 10) is commonly used to measure depression in both clinical and non-clinical populations. Thus, this study examined the CES-D 10’s factor structure and psychometric properties in Chinese international students. Methods: Study participants were 250 Chinese international students aged 18–23, attending a four-year university in Korea; they completed the Chinese version of the CES-D 10. Based on relevant theories and empirical research, confirmatory factor analysis was employed to examine the adequacy of three competing models’ factor structure. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and test-retest reliability using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the two-factor model comprised of depressive affect/somatic retardation and positive affect had the best fit. The CES-D 10 showed satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability in Chinese international students. Conclusion: The CES-D 10 demonstrated strong psychometric properties in this Chinese international student sample, and results suggest that the CES-D scale is a useful screening tool for depressive symptoms. Therefore, the CES-D 10 could be used as a depression screen for international students at the population level and in health clinics.

Comparison of Unitary and Multidimensional Models of the Whiteley Index in a Nonclinical Sample: Implications for Understanding and Assessing Health Anxiety

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon J. R. Asmundson ◽  
Nicholas R. Carleton ◽  
Candice V. Bovell ◽  
Steven Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Item Content ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Health anxiety is an important but poorly assessed phenomenon. Manifesting along a continuum, health anxiety is the result of a catastrophic appraisal of somatic sensations and changes as indicative of disease. The Whiteley Index (WI) is one of the most widely used self-report measures for assessing health anxiety both for research and for clinical practice. It generally exhibits excellent and robust psychometric properties for internal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent validity, and concurrent validity; however, both its item content and its factor structure are matters of debate. Moreover, the measure has rarely been assessed in nonclinical samples. For the present study, a sample of 300 participants from the University of Regina completed the WI. If the latent dimensions identified in factor analysis represent etiologic mechanisms, then the elucidation of the WI’s factor structure may enhance our understanding of health anxiety. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine a robust and reliable item content and factor structure, resulting in a six-item two-factor structure that was invariant across gender. The two factors were denoted Somatic Symptoms/Bodily Preoccupation and Disease Worry/Phobia. Previous factor structure solutions were compared to the factor structure derived from this study by means of confirmatory factor analysis. The newly established item content and factor structure resulted in acceptable fit indices that were statistically superior to those found using the previous factor structure solutions. Implications and directions for assessment of health anxiety and future research are discussed.

The Companion Animal Bonding Scale: Internal Consistency and Factor Structure When Administered by Telephone

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Poresky
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Companion Animal ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Measure ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Human Animal

The performance of the 8-item Companion Animal Bonding Scale as a self-report behavioral measure of the human-animal relationship when administered as part of a telephone interview is described. For 784 respondents Cronbach alpha for internal consistency was .74 and the SPSS for Windows Principal Components factor analysis of its internal structure yielded two factors which accounted for 55% of the scale's variance. These results are similar to the scale's Cronbach alpha of .82 and the first two of the three factors which accounted for 56% of the variance when the scale was included in a written questionnaire.

scholarly journals Adaptation and validation of a test to measure Greek elementary students’ basic cycling skills

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Ioannis Papanikolaou ◽  
Manolis Adamakis
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Students ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Attention Skills ◽  
Skill Scores ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this study was to adapt a previously developed test to gain a detailed insight into the cycling skills of Greek children and examine the impact that gender, age and cycling experience have on cycling skills. Students (n=80) from a local elementary school in Attica region (Greece) took the adapted cycling skills test consisting of 12 test stations. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to investigate the factor structure of the cycling test. Descriptive statistics were performed on children’s cycling skill scores. Furthermore, independent sample t-tests and Pearson r correlations were executed to evaluate individual correlates of cycling skills. Two factors were extracted: the ‘during cycling skills’ and the ‘attention/handling cycling skills’ factor. Most children faced difficulties for skills that required more advanced attention skills and while cycling over obstacles. No significant differences in separate factors, as well as the overall cycling skill, were noted between boys and girls. Significant correlations were observed between years of cycling experience and cycling skills, while age was not correlated to these factors. The 12-item test battery adapted in the present study is suitable for the evaluation of cycling skills of Greek elementary students. Implications of the current research are further discussed.

scholarly journals Measuring Staff Attitudes to Coercion in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Lickiewicz ◽  
Tonje Lossius Husum ◽  
Torleif Ruud ◽  
Johan Siqveland ◽  
Zofia Musiał ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Staff Attitudes ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Introduction: Coercion can be defined as the use of force to limit a person's choices. In Poland, coercive measures may tend to be overused. However, there is limited information regarding the attitudes of nurses toward coercion in psychiatric settings and the factors influencing any decisions to use coercion.Aims: To validate the Staff Attitudes to Coercion Scale (SACS) for a group of psychiatric nurses and psychiatrists, to compare the said with the original Norwegian SACS version, and to compare nurses' attitudes with those displayed by psychiatrists. A second aim was to understand the relationship between self-efficacy and attitudes to coercion.Method: We surveyed 351 psychiatric nurses and psychiatrists rating SACS and GSES (General Self Efficacy Scale). We validated the SACS factor structure using confirmatory principal component factor analysis, calculated the internal consistency of subscales, and analyzed the test-retest reliability and face validity of the subscales themselves. Further, we analyzed the differences in attitudes toward coercion between nurses and psychiatrists, as well as whether there was an association between GSES and the SACS subscales. We compared the means on the SACS items between three countries—Germany, Norway, and Poland.Results: The confirmatory factor analysis of the Polish version of SACS found the same factor structure with three factors as was displayed in the original Norwegian SACS, except that one item was loaded on another factor. Internal consistency was acceptable for the factors on coercion as security and the coercion as offending, and unacceptable for the factor on coercion as treatment. Test-retest reliability was excellent for all the three subscales. Face validity was high for the factor coercion as security, partly present for coercion as offending, and not present for coercion as treatment. The subscale Coercion as Treatment was rated significantly higher by nurses than by psychiatrists, but there was no difference for the two other subscales. There was no significant association between the General Self-Efficacy Scale and any of the SACS subscales. The biggest differences in attitudes toward forms of coercion was noted between Poland and Germany.Discussion: The three-factor structure of SACS was the best solution for the Polish nurses and psychiatrists. The attitudes toward coercion differed between the two groups, but a low correlation was computed for the SACS subscales and self-efficacy. There is a cultural diversity visible amongst the three countries examined. Reduction in the use of coercion is a priority worldwide. More knowledge about the process involved in using coercive measures may contribute to this. The use of coercive interventions may harm patients and threaten patients' rights. Thus, education is needed for pre-service and in-service nurses alike.

Development of a Performance Anxiety Scale for Music Students

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okam C Cırakoğlu ◽  
Gülce C Şentürk
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Performance Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

In the present research, the Performance Anxiety Scale for Music Students (PASMS) was developed in three successive studies. In Study 1, the factor structure of PASMS was explored and three components were found: fear of stage (FES), avoidance (AVD) and symptoms (SMP). The internal consistency of the subscales of PASMS, which consisted of 27 items, varied between 0.89 and 0.91. The internal consistency for the whole scale was found to be 0.95. The correlations among PASMS and other anxiety-related measures were significant and in the expected direction, indicating that the scale has convergent validity. The construct validity of the scale was assessed in Study 2 by confirmatory factor analysis. After several revisions, the final tested model achieved acceptable fits. In Study 3, the 14-day test-retest reliability of the final 24-item version of PASMS was tested and found to be extremely high (0.95). In all three studies, the whole scale and subscale scores of females were significantly higher than for males.

scholarly journals Arabic Translation of the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire: Instrument Validation Study of Factor Structure and Reliability

10.2196/24169 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. e24169
Author(s):  
Nasser F BinDhim ◽  
Nora A Althumiri ◽  
Mada H Basyouni ◽  
Omar T Sims ◽  
Noara Alhusseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Enacted Stigma ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background While it is most often associated with its effects on physical health, obesity is also associated with serious self-stigmatization. The lack of a suitable, validated tool to measure weight-related self-stigma in Arabic countries may be partly responsible for the scarcity of literature about this problem. Objective This study investigated the reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ). Methods Data on the Arabic-translated version of the 12-item WSSQ were collected using two cross-sectional electronic questionnaires distributed among Saudi nationals through the Sharik Association for Health Research’s database in June 2020. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and exploratory factor analysis of the Arabic WSSQ were assessed and compared with the original English version and other translations. Results For reliability analysis, 43 participants completed the Arabic WSSQ during two time periods. Internal consistency was α=.898 for the overall survey, α=.819 for the fear of enacted stigma subscale (factor 1), and α=.847 for the self-devaluation subscale (factor 2). The test-retest reliability of the intraclass correlation coefficient was α=.982. In the factor structure analysis, 295 participants completed the questionnaire. The Arabic WSSQ loading of the items was consistent with the original WSSQ, except for the loading of item 9, which was stronger in factor 2 than in factor 1. The two factors accounted for the observed variances of 47.7% and 10.6%. Conclusions The Arabic version of the WSSQ has good internal consistency and reliability, and the factorial structure is similar to that of the original WSSQ. The Arabic WSSQ is adaptable for clinicians seeking to assess weight-related self-stigma in Arabic-speaking people.

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