Carboplatin plus ifosfamide as salvage treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer: a pilot study.

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1952-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Lorusso ◽  
A Catino ◽  
B Leone ◽  
M Rabinovich ◽  
G Gargano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Salvage Treatment ◽  
Previous Response ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Platinum Resistant

PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the activity and toxicity of carboplatin (PPL) and ifosfamide (IFO) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer previously treated with cisplatin (CDDP)-containing regimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS From July 1989 to December 1991, 35 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer relapsed or refractory to CDDP as first-line chemotherapy were treated. PPL was administered at a dose of 300 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on day 1 and IFO at a dose of 1,500 mg/m2 IV on days 1 to 3 every 3 to 4 weeks. Criteria for evaluating previous response to CDDP were strictly defined. RESULTS The overall response rate was 43% (complete response [CR], 6%; partial response [PR], 37%) and the median duration of response was 7 months (range, 3 to 16). In potentially platinum-sensitive (PPS; relapsed) patients, the overall response rate was 56%. None of the primary platinum-resistant (PPR) patients obtained a clinical response to PPL plus IFO, whereas one of five secondary platinum-resistant (SPR) patients obtained a PR. The regimen was easily manageable. CONCLUSION PPL plus IFO is useful and well-tolerated combination in salvage treatment of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. However, clear synergism between PPL and IFO that could overcome intrinsic or acquired CDDP resistance was not observed. The advantage of PPL plus IFO as compared with CDDP-containing regimens is represented by the increased tolerability and the reduced neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and ototoxicity as compared with CDDP-containing regimens. It is essential that the patient population be defined according to their previous response to platinum therapy in trials involving second-line therapy of ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Nivolumab Versus Gemcitabine or Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin for Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer: Open-Label, Randomized Trial in Japan (NINJA)

2021 ◽  
pp. JCO.21.00334
Author(s):  
Junzo Hamanishi ◽  
Nobuhiro Takeshima ◽  
Noriyuki Katsumata ◽  
Kimio Ushijima ◽  
Tadashi Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Liposomal Doxorubicin ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Platinum Resistant ◽  
Duration Of Response

PURPOSE This phase III, multicenter, randomized, open-label study investigated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab versus chemotherapy (gemcitabine [GEM] or pegylated liposomal doxorubicin [PLD]) in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eligible patients had platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer, received ≤ 1 regimen after diagnosis of resistance, and had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score of ≤ 1. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to nivolumab (240 mg once every 2 weeks [as one cycle]) or chemotherapy (GEM 1000 mg/m2 for 30 minutes [once on days 1, 8, and 15] followed by a week's rest [as one cycle], or PLD 50 mg/m2 once every 4 weeks [as one cycle]). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate, duration of response, and safety. RESULTS Patients (n = 316) were randomly assigned to nivolumab (n = 157) or GEM or PLD (n = 159) between October 2015 and December 2017. Median OS was 10.1 (95% CI, 8.3 to 14.1) and 12.1 (95% CI, 9.3 to 15.3) months with nivolumab and GEM or PLD, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.3; P = .808). Median PFS was 2.0 (95% CI, 1.9 to 2.2) and 3.8 (95% CI, 3.6 to 4.2) months with nivolumab and GEM or PLD, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.9; P = .002). There was no statistical difference in overall response rate between groups (7.6% v 13.2%; odds ratio, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.2 to 1.3; P = .191). Median duration of response was numerically longer with nivolumab than GEM or PLD (18.7 v 7.4 months). Fewer treatment-related adverse events were observed with nivolumab versus GEM or PLD (61.5% v 98.1%), with no additional or new safety risks. CONCLUSION Although well-tolerated, nivolumab did not improve OS and showed worse PFS compared with GEM or PLD in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Phase 1/2a study of 177Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan in relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (17) ◽  
pp. 4091-4101
Author(s):  
Arne Kolstad ◽  
Tim Illidge ◽  
Nils Bolstad ◽  
Signe Spetalen ◽  
Ulf Madsbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Anti Cd20

Abstract For patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma who fail initial anti-CD20–based immunochemotherapy or develop relapsed or refractory disease, there remains a significant unmet clinical need for new therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes and quality of life. 177Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan is a next-generation single-dose CD37-directed radioimmunotherapy (RIT) which was investigated in a phase 1/2a study in 74 patients with relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma, including 57 patients with follicular lymphoma (FL). To improve targeting of 177Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan to tumor tissue and decrease hematologic toxicity, its administration was preceded by the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab and the “cold” anti-CD37 antibody lilotomab. The most common adverse events (AEs) were reversible grade 3/4 neutropenia (31.6%) and thrombocytopenia (26.3%) with neutrophil and platelet count nadirs 5 to 7 weeks after RIT. The most frequent nonhematologic AE was grade 1/2 nausea (15.8%). With a single administration, the overall response rate was 61% (65% in patients with FL), including 30% complete responses. For FL with ≥2 prior therapies (n = 37), the overall response rate was 70%, including 32% complete responses. For patients with rituximab-refractory FL ≥2 prior therapies (n = 21), the overall response rate was 67%, and the complete response rate was 24%. The overall median duration of response was 13.6 months (32.0 months for patients with a complete response). 177Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan may provide a valuable alternative treatment approach in relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma, particularly in patients with comorbidities unsuitable for more intensive approaches. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01796171.

Phase II study of vinorelbine in patients with pretreated advanced ovarian cancer: activity in platinum-resistant disease.

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2546-2551 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Bajetta ◽  
A Di Leo ◽  
L Biganzoli ◽  
L Mariani ◽  
F Cappuzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Dose Intensity ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Resistant Disease ◽  
Platinum Resistant ◽  
Exact Confidence Interval

PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of vinorelbine (VNLB) in a population of advanced ovarian cancer patients, with particular attention to defining its role in platinum-resistant disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-three patients were recruited and treated with VNLB 25 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) weekly. the median age was 53 years, performance status 0 to 2, and number of previous chemotherapy regimens two (range, one to five). Twenty-four patients were platinum-resistant; the remaining nine either were platinum-sensitive (four cases) or had undetermined sensitivity (five cases). RESULTS The mean delivered dose-intensity of VNLB was 67% of the planned level, because 60% of the cycles were delayed due to neutropenia or anemia. Four partial responses (PRs) and one complete response (CR) were observed, for an overall response rate of 15% (95% exact confidence interval, 5.1% to 31.9%). All the responses occurred in the subgroup of 24 platinum-resistant cases, in whom the response rate was 21% (95% exact confidence interval, 7.1% to 42.1%). Seven patients became stabilized on VNLB, and 27% of the cases showed a reduction in serum cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) levels. G3/G4 side effects consisted of neutropenia, anemia, and worsening of preexisting peripheral neuropathy. No treatment-related deaths occurred. CONCLUSION VNLB led to a 21% response rate in the population of heavily pretreated and platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients. Further studies of VNLB alone or in combination with taxanes are warranted in patients with less pretreatment.

High Overall Response Rate in Calcineurin Inhibitor-Free Treatment with the mTOR Inhibitor Everolimus in Advanced Extensive Chronic GvHD after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2210-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Klink ◽  
Kristina Schilling ◽  
Katrin Rapp ◽  
Klaus Höffken ◽  
Herbert G. Sayer
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Mtor Inhibitor ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Unrelated Donors ◽  
Grade Ii

Abstract Background: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor Everolimus (RAD001, Certican®) is a new immunosuppressive drug and beside of sirolimus used and approved in solid organ transplantation. Recently, it was reported that mTOR-inhibitors in combination with calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) showed clinical responses in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD). In this single centre retrospective analysis, we report on 29 patients (pts) with severe cGvHD treated with Everolimus without CNI. Patients and Methods: Twenty-nine pts (17 AML, 3 CML, 4 ALL, 3 CLL, 2 NHL) with a median age of 44 years [range: 25–61] underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation between September 1999 and August 2007. Myeloablative conditioning was used in 21 pts, reduced-intensity conditioning in 8 pts. Except for one patient receiving bone marrow, all pts received peripheral blood stem cells for transplantation. Family donors (2 non-fully HLA matched) were used in 7 pts (24%) and unrelated donors (7 non-fully HLA-matched) in 22 pts (76%). GvHD-prophylaxis consisted of CNI (cyclosporine or tacrolimus) in 4 pts, CNI+Methotrexate (MTX) in 8 pts, CNI+Mycophenolate (MPA) in 8 pts and CNI+MPA+MTX in 9 pts. Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) as in vivo T-cell depletion was used in 9 pts. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-serostatus was positive in 14 pts, with seronegative donors in 5 pts. Acute GvHD occurred in 27/29 (93.3%), grade II-IV in 25 (86.2%). At the same time, CMV reactivation/infection was observed in 11 pts and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in 3 pts. All pts developed severe cGVHD with extensive disease. Organ involvement included skin with scleroderma in 21 pts, mucous membranes in 22 pts, eyes in 22 pts, lungs in 8 pts, liver in 11 pts, gut in 9 pts and arthralgia in 6 pts. At the time of treatment start with everolimus (0.75 mg Certican ® twice a day orally), CNI medication was stopped. The intended plasma therapeutic levels of everolimus were 3–8 mg/l. In addition all pts received prednisone and in 18 pts (62%) MPA as third immunosuppressive agent was continued. Results: Median treatment duration was 8.4 months [range: 2.5–21.7]. None of the pts developed CMV disease or TMA. Adverse events were: arterial hypertension in 1 patient, atrial fibrillation in 1 patient, pneumonia in 1 patient, sinusitis in 1 patient, herpes labials infection in 1 patient, renal insufficiency grade II in 2 pts and myalgia in 2 pts. 96.6% are still alive, 1 patient (3.4%) died due to relapse of ALL. Two pts (6.9%) achieved a complete response of their cGvHD and 18 pts (62.1%) a partial response resulting in an overall response rate of 69.0% (n=20) according to the recent consensus NIH report (Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 2006 May; 12(5): 491–505). No change was observed in 3 pts (10.3%) and progression occurred in 6 pts (20.7%). Complete response in HLA-identical related donors was 20% (1/5) and with HLA-matched unrelated donors was 6.7% (1/15). 100% (n=2) of pts with a HLA-mismatched related donor achieved a partial remission and 85.7% (n=6) of pts with a HLA-mismatched unrelated donor. The gender of recipient or donor did not impair the observed responses with everolimus. Prednisone could be tapered in 62.1% of all pts (18/29). In the triple combination with MPA, MPA could be tapered in 22.2% (4/18) and could be stopped in 38.9% (7/18). Conclusions: A CNI-free treatment of advanced extensive cGvHD with everolimus seems to be feasible and effective with a high overall response rate of nearly 70 %. It should be emphasized that a low toxicity profile without TMA was observed. Our data supports further clinical and immunological investigations with m-TOR inhibitor everolimus in treating GvHD.

Clinical experience of using docetaxel-cisplatin in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer: A Bangladesh perspective

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15070-15070
Author(s):  
M. Mokhlesuddin ◽  
P. S. Akhter ◽  
D. U. Ahmed ◽  
M. A. Khan ◽  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ecog Performance Status ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Bangladeshi Population

15070 Background: Docetaxel is an active agent in the treatment of recurrent advanced ovarian cancer. We conducted a multi-center phase II study to evaluate the response rate, toxicity and survival of docetaxel-cisplatin regimen as first-line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer in Bangladeshi population. Methods: Forty chemotherapy-naïve patients of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were recruited between October 1999 to March 2002. Eligibility criteria included stage Ic-IV patients, age 18–75 years, an ECOG performance status of 0–3 with adequate hepatic, renal and bone marrow function. Docetaxel 60 mg/m2 as 1 hour IV infusion and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 were given on day 1 every 3 weeks for a maximum of 6 cycles (average 5 cycles). Tumor responses and toxicities were evaluated by relevant investigations and survival was documented. Results: A total of 40 patients were enrolled. Median age was 44 years (age range 18–75 years). All the patients were evaluable for response. Overall response was observed in 32 patients (80%) with complete response rate 38% (12 patients), partial response rate 62% (20 patients). Stable disease was seen in 5 patients (12.5%) and progressive disease was in 3 patients (7.5%).Two years survival was documented in 62% patients. Toxicities were limited with grade 3 neutropenia in 10 patients (25%) and some non-hematological toxicities (including nausea, vomiting and fluid retention) in twenty-six patients (65%). No severe febrile neutropenia and no events of death were observed. Conclusions: The combination of docetaxel and cisplatin appears to be effective with manageable toxicities in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in Bangladeshi population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and platinum in patients with advanced ovarian cancer in late relapse (>6 months)

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15035-15035
Author(s):  
L. Wei ◽  
C. Chen ◽  
C. Huang ◽  
S. Chien ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Late Relapse ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Overall Response

15035 Background: Platinum and doxorubicin have different mechanisms of action, show no cross-resistance, and their toxicities do not overlap. Because pegylated liposomaI doxorubicin (Lipo-Dox was manufactured by TTY Biopharm Company Ltd. in Taiwan) appears to be a promising form of delivering doxorubicin with decrease of some of the most problematic toxicities, a combination with platinum should be assessed. Methods: An open-label, non-comparative, single center phase II clinical trial. Eligible patients must have histologically proven advance ovarian cancer with two-dimensioned measurable disease or evaluable disease (defined as CA-125 ≥ 40 U/ml), who have been treated with one or two previous platinum- and taxane-based regimen. All patients will hospitalize for 24 hours for treatment. The dose of platinum is fixed (cisplatin at 75 mg/m2 or carboplatin at AUC=5) on D1 and the initial dose of pegylated liposomaI doxorubicin (Lipo-Dox) is 35 mg/m2 on D2 at a 4-week interval. Results: Twenty patients were enrolled from July 2002 to January 2004 and follow up until June 2004. All eligible patients are assessable for response and toxicity. The overall response rate was 80%. Of the 20 patients eligible for response evaluation, 10 (50%) patients had a complete response, 6 (30%) had partial response, 3 (15%) were with stable disease, and 1 (5%) showed progressive disease. An overall response (OR) was achieved in 80% of patients. In patients achieving an OR based on WHO criteria, median CA125 levels declined from 142 U/ml (range, 13–3670 U/ml) during the baseline to 26.5 U/ml (range, 5–375 U/ml) during the last cycle. Median time to response was 65 days (range, 12–188 days). Median duration of response was 471 days (range 146–1085 days). Furthermore, the median time to progression was 481 days (range, 138–1136 days). The main toxicity was myelosuppression, with grade 3 and 4 neutropenia in 3 patients, anemia in 4 patients, and leukopenia in 2 patients. Conclusions: Based on effectiveness and toxicity advantages, the combination of pegylated liposomaI doxorubicin (Lipo-Dox) and platinum should be considered in patients with advanced ovarian cancer in late relapse. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Phase Ib dose escalation study of oral quisinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed multiple myeloma.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8530-8530
Author(s):  
Xavier Leleu ◽  
Cyrille Touzeau ◽  
Lotfi Benboubker ◽  
Thierry Facon ◽  
Martine Delain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Aggresome Formation

8530 Background: Aggresome formation is a mechanism of resistance to agents (e.g., bortezomib) which block proteasome activity. HDACi (e.g., quisinostat) prevents aggresome formation by deacetylation of tubulin that allows the transport of unfolded proteins to lysosomes for degradation. Methods: Patients received quisinostat (Q) at escalated doses (6, 8, 10 and 12 mg) on days 1, 3, and 5 weekly, subcutaneous VELCADE (V) at 1.3 mg/m2on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of a 3-week cycle, and oral dexamethasone (D) at 20 mg on the day of and the day after VELCADE dosing. The primary endpoint was the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of Q in the combination (Q+V+D). The secondary endpoints included safety, overall response rate, and pharmacodynamic biomarkers. Results: Eighteen patients (3, 3, 6, and 6 in increasing Q doses) were enrolled: 56% male; median age = 69 (range 50-82) years; multiple myeloma stage: IA = 11% and IIIA = 89%; prior lines of therapy: 1 = 100%, 2 = 55.6%, and 3 = 11.1%; prior VELCADE treatment = 50%. At the highest dose (12 mg) 2 patients had dose-limiting toxicity, 1 with QTc prolongation and 1 with atrial fibrillation. The MTD was established at the 10 mg Q for the Q+V+D regimen. The most common adverse events (≥ 10% of patients) were diarrhea (39%), asthenia (33%), peripheral oedema (22%), nausea (17%), thrombocytopenia (17%), alopecia (11%), constipation (11%), and vomiting (11%); most were grade 2 or lower in toxicity. To date, 13 patients have discontinued treatment, of which 5 completed 11 cycles of treatment. The overall response rate was 87.5% (14/16, 95% CI: 61.7% to 98.5%), including 1 complete response, 2 very good partial response, and 11 partial responses. Most patients (9/11) showed a decrease in number of circulating multiple myeloma cells after 1 cycle. Two of 5 patients showed an increase in acetylated histone 3 from baseline as measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Conclusions: The MTD is 10 mg quisinostat in combination with VELCADE and dexamethasone. The combination is active in the treatment of relapsed multiple myeloma and has an acceptable safety profile. Clinical trial information: NCT01464112.

scholarly journals Phase II trial of cisplatin, gemcitabine and pembrolizumab for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252665
Author(s):  
Christine S. Walsh ◽  
Mitchell Kamrava ◽  
Andre Rogatko ◽  
Sungjin Kim ◽  
Andrew Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Interim Analysis ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Time To Progression ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Platinum Resistant ◽  
Duration Of Response

Objective To evaluate the combination of pembrolizumab, cisplatin and gemcitabine in recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Methods Patients received six cycles of chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin on day 1 and day 8 of a 21-day treatment cycle. Pembrolizumab was administered on day 1 of cycles 3–6 and as maintenance monotherapy in cycles 7–34. Palliative radiation to a non-target symptomatic lesion was allowed. The primary objective was overall response rate by RECIST 1.1 criteria. Secondary objectives included safety, progression-free survival, time to progression, duration of response and overall survival. Results An interim analysis for futility was performed at 18 evaluable patients. Overall response rate was 60%, duration of response was 4.9 months and time to progression was 5.2 months. Progression-free survival at 6 and 12 months was 43% and 5%. Median progression-free survival was 6.2 months and median overall survival was 11.3 months. In all patients, CA125 levels reflected response and progression. There were no pseudoprogression events. After receiving palliative radiation during pembrolizumab maintenance, a patient with recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma had an exceptional and durable response that is ongoing for greater than 2 years. After consultation with the sponsor, based on the modest duration of response observed at the interim analysis for futility, the decision was made to close the trial to further accrual. Conclusions The addition of pembrolizumab to cisplatin and gemcitabine did not appear to provide benefit beyond chemotherapy alone in patients with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Ανάλυση και συσχέτιση των απεικονιστικών ευρημάτων με την ανταπόκριση στη (α) Λιποπλατίνη και Γεμσιταβίνη και (β) Σισπλατίνη και Γεμσιταβίνη σε ασθενείς με μη μικροκυτταρικό καρκίνο του πνεύμονα σταδίου ΙΙΙΒ / ΙV

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Φωτεινή Λαζαριώτη
Keyword(s):  
Partial Response ◽  
Stable Disease ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Recist 1.1

Εισαγωγή: O καρκίνος του πνεύμονα αποτελεί το 28% όλων των θανάτων που σχετίζονται με καρκίνο και περίπου στο 80% των περιπτώσεων αφορά στο Μη Μικροκυτταρικό καρκίνωμα. H σισπλατίνη είναι από τα δραστικότερα και πιο αποτελεσματικά κυτταροτοξικά φάρμακα στη θεραπεία των επιθηλιακών κακοηθειών, που όμως οι σοβαρές ανεπιθύμητες ενέργειες και η αντίσταση στην χορήγηση της, εγείρουν την ανάγκη βελτιωμένων μορφών αυτού του φαρμάκου. Mία λιποσωμιακή μορφή της σισπλατίνης, είναι η Λιποπλατίνη (Lipoplatin™), η οποία αναπτύχθηκε με σκοπό να μειώσει τη συστηματική τοξικότητα της σισπλατίνης και να αυξήσει τη δραστικότητά της έναντι των όγκων. Σκοπός: Η ανάλυση και εκτίμηση των απεικονιστικών ευρημάτων, στα οποία κατά κύριο λόγο βασίζεται η αξιολόγηση της ανταπόκρισης στη χημειοθεραπεία (σύμφωνα με τα κριτήρια RECIST 1.1) η συσχέτιση τους με τον ιστολογικό τύπο του καρκίνου σε ασθενείς που λαμβάνουν μέρος σε τυχαιοποιημένη, συγκριτική, ανοιχτής αγωγής, προοδευτική μελέτη φάσης II και η εκτίμηση του ποσοστού αντικειμενικής ανταπόκρισης (Overall Response Rate-ORR) στους ασθενείς των δύο ομάδων. Οι συνδυασμοί χημειοθεραπείας είναι για την πρώτη ομάδα της μελέτης, Λιποπλατίνη και γεμσιταβίνη, ενώ για την δεύτερη ομάδα σισπλατίνη και γεμσιταβίνη, ως θεραπείες πρώτης γραμμής σε Μη Μικροκυτταρικού τύπου, καρκίνο του πνεύμονα (Στάδιο IIIβ/ IV).Δευτερεύοντες στόχοι είναι να συγκριθούν στις δύο ομάδες : το ποσοστό ελέγχου της ασθένειας (DCR), η επιβίωση χωρίς εξέλιξη της νόσου (PFS), η διάρκεια της ανταπόκρισης, η συνολική επιβίωση, η ασφάλεια και η ανεκτικότητα του συνδυασμού θεραπείας.Ασθενείς και Μέθοδος: Η Μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε στο νοσοκομείο Μεταξά (2η παθολογική κλινική, υπεύθυνος ερευνητής: Μυλωνάκης Νικόλαος). Τα βασικά κριτήρια συμπερίληψης ασθενών στη μελέτη είναι η ιστολογικά ή κυτταρολογικά επιβεβαιωμένη διάγνωση Μη μικροκυτταρικού καρκίνου του πνεύμονα (NSCLC) σε ασθενείς άνω των 18 ετών με τοπικά προχωρημένο ή μεταστατικό NSCLC.Τα κυριότερα κριτήρια αποκλεισμού είναι η προηγηθείσα χορήγηση άλλου είδους χημειοθεραπεία, βεβαρημένο ιατρικό ιστορικό και η είσοδος στη μελέτη σε χρονικό διάστημα λιγότερο των 3 εβδομάδων από μεγάλη χειρουργική επέμβαση.Οι ασθενείς τυχαιοποιούνται κεντρικά κατά την εισαγωγή τους στην ομάδα Α (Λιποπλατίνη και γεμσιταβίνη) ή στην ομάδα Β (σισπλατίνη και γεμσιταβίνη). Τo θεραπευτικό σχήμα της ομάδας A αποτελείται από: Λιποπλατίνη 120 mg/m2 (ημέρες 1, 8, 15 σε έναν κύκλο 21 ημερών, για 3 διαδοχικούς κύκλους) και γεμσιταβίνη 1000 mg/m2 (ημέρες 1, 8 σε έναν κύκλο 21 ημερών, για 3 διαδοχικούς κύκλους). Στην ομάδα Α δεν θα γίνεται προ- ή μετά- ενυδάτωση και δεν θα χρησιμοποιείται φυσιολογικός ορός, ενώ ο ρυθμός έγχυσης θα πρέπει να είναι αργός ιδίως στην αρχή αυτής. Το σχήμα της ομάδας B (χημειοθεραπευτική αγωγή αναφοράς) αποτελείται από σισπλατίνη 100 mg/m2 (ημέρα 1, σε έναν κύκλο 21 ημερών, για 3 διαδοχικούς κύκλους) και γεμσιταβίνη 1000 mg/m2 (Hμέρες 1, 8 σε έναν κύκλο 21 ημερών, για 3 διαδοχικούς κύκλους). Η σισπλατίνη θα χορηγείται ως δίωρη ενδοφλέβια έγχυση με ένα λίτρο φυσιολογικού ορού προενυδάτωση και βεβιασμένη διούρηση. Σε αμφότερες τις ομάδες θα συνεχιστεί η ίδια θεραπευτική αγωγή για 3 κύκλους επιπλέον, κατόπιν ανταπόκρισης ή σταθεροποίησης της νόσου. Η αξιολόγηση των ασθενών θα γίνεται σε 4 χρονικές περιόδους: πριν από την έναρξη της θεραπείας, εβδομαδιαία αξιολόγηση (την έβδομη ημέρα μετά από κάθε έγχυση), μετά από 3 και 6 κύκλους θεραπείας και κάθε 3 μήνες δια βίου. Ο έλεγχος των ασθενών θα περιλαμβάνει ιατρικό ιστορικό, φυσική εξέταση, γενική αίματος και πλήρη βιοχημικό έλεγχο με καταγραφή των ανεπιθύμητων ενεργειών. Η αξιολόγηση των ασθενών απεικονιστικά πριν την έναρξη και μετά από 3 και 6 κύκλους θεραπείας. Οι απεικονιστικές μέθοδοι περιλαμβάνουν ακτινογραφία και αξονική τομογραφία θώρακος, αξονικές τομογραφίες κοιλίας, εγκεφάλου και σπινθηρογράφημα οστών αν είναι απαραίτητο. Όλες οι απεικονιστικές εξετάσεις θα διενεργούνται σύμφωνα με τα συνήθη διεθνή πρωτόκολλα, όχι απαραίτητα σε προεπιλεγμένα κέντρα αφού η εισαγωγή και παρακολούθηση των ασθενών στη μελέτη θα πραγματοποιείται κατόπιν διάγνωσης NSCLC σε οποιοδήποτε κέντρο.Αποτελέσματα: Τα απεικονιστικά ευρήματα ανά ιστολογικό τύπο, των ασθενών που έλαβαν μέρος στη μελέτη δεν ήταν διαφορετικά από αυτά που αναφέρονται στην βιβλιογραφία. Η εντόπιση του αδενοκαρκινώματος είναι στις περισσότερες περιπτώσεις περιφερική. Το καρκίνωμα εκ πλακωδών κυττάρων έχει κεντρική εντόπιση στο μεγαλύτερο ποσοστό των ασθενών. Στο σύνολο των ασθενών η εντόπιση υπερέχει στον δεξιό πνεύμονα και στον άνω λοβό. Η κοιλοποίηση, οι αποτιτανώσεις και η προσβολή των πλευρών είναι πιο συχνή στο εκ πλακωδών κυττάρων καρκίνωμα. Η ανάλυση της αποτελεσματικότητας της μελέτης πραγματοποιήθηκε με βάση τα απεικονιστικά ευρήματα χρησιμοποιώντας τα κριτήρια RECIST 1.1. Μερική ανταπόκριση (Partial Response-PR) μετά από την ολοκλήρωση 3 κύκλων παρουσίασε το 31,7% των ασθενών στο Α σκέλος και το 25,6% στο Β αντίστοιχα. Σταθερή νόσος (Stable Disease-SD) παρατηρήθηκε στο 39% των ασθενών στο Α σκέλος, ενώ στο Β ήταν 30,8%. Σε κανένα σκέλος δεν υπήρξε πλήρης ανταπόκριση (Complete Response-CR). Αν και η διαφορά στην ανταπόκριση μεταξύ των δύο ομάδων δεν είναι στατιστικά σημαντική ωστόσο τα αποτελέσματα είναι ενθαρρυντικά αφού η Λιποπλατίνη όχι μόνο δεν υπήρξε υποδεέστερη της σισπλατίνης αλλά επιπλέον είχε μικρότερη τοξικότητα συγκριτικά με την σισπλατίνη. Μια διαφορά που ήταν στατιστικά σημαντική μεταξύ των δύο ομάδων ήταν στη νεφροτοξικότητα. Επιπροσθέτως στην περίπτωση του αδενοκαρκινώματος φαίνεται ότι η Λιποπλατίνη έχει πολύ καλύτερη ανταπόκριση συγκριτικά με την σισπλατίνη (16,7% πρόοδο νόσου έναντι 45,8%) ενώ στην περίπτωση του καρκινώματος εκ πλακωδών κυττάρων τα αντίστοιχα ποσοστά ήταν 46,1% και 37,5%. Συμπέρασμα: Η λιποσωμιακή μορφή της σισπλατίνης παρουσιάζει λιγότερες παρενέργειες συγκριτικά με την σισπλατίνη όταν συνδυάζεται με την γεμσιταβίνη και ειδικότερα στατιστικά σημαντική μικρότερη νεφροτοξικότητα. Ιδιαίτερα σημαντικό επίσης είναι το γεγονός ότι στους ασθενείς της ομάδας που έλαβαν Λιποπλατίνη δεν έγινε προ ενυδάτωση ούτε βεβιασμένη διούρηση. Επιπροσθέτως η Λιποπλατίνη παρουσιάζει μία μεγαλύτερη αποτελεσματικότητα η οποία δεν είναι στατιστικά σημαντική λόγω του μικρού δείγματος ασθενών ωστόσο στην περίπτωση του αδενοκαρκινώματος παρουσιάζει μία στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά στην ανταπόκριση έναντι της σισπλατίνης.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document