Incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related head and neck cancers in the U.S. from 1998–2003: Pre-HPV vaccine licensure

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6003-6003 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Saraiya ◽  
K. Kawaoka
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Base Of Tongue ◽  
Asian Pacific Islanders ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
The U.S

6003 Background: While smoking and alcohol are implicated in the majority of head and neck cancers, human papillomavirus (HPV) has been responsible for 15–35% of head and neck cancers worldwide. In head and neck sites such as the oropharynx, tonsil, and tongue, HPV is associated with 50–90% of squamous cell cancers. Recent recommendation of an HPV vaccine, protecting against infection with HPV types 16 and 18 have prompted this current assessment of the burden of squamous cell cancers (SCC) at these sites. Methods: Using data from CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries and/or NCI’s SEER Program for cases diagnosed from 1998–2003, covering 83% of the U.S. population, we assessed the squamous cell cancers (SCC) of the base of tongue, oropharynx, and tonsil in the U.S. population on the basis of age group, gender, race/ethnicity, stage, US region, and year of diagnosis. Incidence rates were age- adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population and are expressed per 100,000 individuals. Results: The average annual incidence rates per 100,000 individuals during 1998–2003 are: base of tongue, 1.16 (95% confidence interval 1.14–1.18); oropharyngeal, 0.90 (95% CI 0.89–0.92); and tonsillar, 1.35 (95% CI 1.34–1.37). Blacks have the highest incidence of base of tongue, oropharyngeal, and tonsillar SCC (1.25, 1.61, and 1.47, respectively) while Asian/Pacific Islanders have the lowest incidence (0.37, 0.25, and 0.49, respectively). The South has the highest incidence of base of tongue, oropharyngeal, and tonsillar SCC (1.24, 1.06, and 1.52 respectively). Tonsillar cancer had the highest incidence rates for Whites, Asian/Pacific Islanders, American Indians/Alaska Natives, and Hispanics (1.37, 0.49, 0.85, and 0.89, respectively), but oropharyngeal cancer was the highest in Blacks (1.47). Both base of tongue and tonsillar SCC show a significant annual increase (2.68%, 2.96%, respectively). Conclusions: Increasing incidence rates among those head and neck cancers that are HPV- associated such as tonsillar and base of tongue suggest that the HPV vaccine may have a significant impact on these cancers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

The Rhetoric of Family in the U.S. Immigration Movement

2020 ◽  
pp. 208-225
Author(s):  
Karma R. Chávez ◽  
Hana Masri
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islander ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Political Education ◽  
Shared Experiences ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Street Theater ◽  
Asian Pacific Islander ◽  
Asian Pacific Islanders ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
The U.S

This reflection describes the author’s experiences organizing with the National Queer Asian Pacific Islander Alliance (NQAPIA) to build deeper solidarities between marginalized queer and trans Asian/Pacific Islanders and Black Lives Matter agendas. The author details a series of actions and campaigns to draw attention to shared experiences of policing, surveillance, and profiling. These actions involved storytelling, guerrilla street theater, and political education.

Acral lentiginous melanoma: Population-based analysis of incidence and survival in United States from 1993 to 2013.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22108-e22108
Author(s):  
Nishitha Thumallapally ◽  
Ahmed Meshref ◽  
Mohammed Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Tumor Thickness ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma ◽  
Asian Pacific Islanders ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

e22108 Background: Acral Lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a rare form of cutaneous melanoma with aggressive nature. This study investigates the incidence and survival patterns in patients diagnosed with ALM in USA from 1993-2013 using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Registry. Methods: The 18 cancer registries of SEER program were used to identify patients diagnosed with ALM according to international classification of diseases for oncology (ICDO-3) codes. Age adjusted incidence rates in addition to 5 and 10-year relative survival rates were calculated. Results: 2189 patients were included in this retrospective study.The age-adjusted incidence rate of ALM was 2.11 per million person-years.Hispanic whites had highest incidence rates of ALM among all racial subgroups ( 2.58, p = 0.005). Incidence of ALM was higher between 2003-2013 compared to 1993-2003 (2.3 vs 1.9).Median age at diagnosis was 61.68 years. 53.9 % were female. Our study population was dominated by Non-Hispanic Whites (69.2%) followed by Hispanic Whites (13.5%), Blacks (8.2%), Asians or Pacific Islanders (7.3%) and other races (1.8%). stage III was the most frequent (24.7%) followed by stage I (20.9%). In terms of tumor thickness, 43.2 % presented with T3 thickness at the time of diagnosis. The ALM 5 - and 10-year survival rates were highest in age < 40, females, T1, non ulcerated, lymph node negative lesions ( p < 0.05). Among racial subgroups, non Hispanic whites had highest survival rates (83 vs 74 % ). Asian/Pacific Islanders (75.1%vs 49.8%) had lowest survival rates followed Hispanic whites ( 76.4 % vs 63.9 ) and Blacks (74.7 vs 71.5 %) ( p = 0.19). Conclusions: ALM is rare subtype of cutaneous melanoma with increased incidence in people of color. Patients present with increased tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. Poor survival rates are seen among Asian/Pacific Islanders and Hispanic whites.

scholarly journals An economic and disease transmission model of human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer in Texas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengxue Zhong ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Ho-Lan Peng ◽  
Samantha Tam ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life ◽  
The U.S

AbstractIn 2017, 46,157 and 3,127 new oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) cases were reported in the U.S. and Texas, respectively. About 70% of OPC were attributed to human papillomavirus (HPV). However, only 51% of U.S. and 43.5% of Texas adolescents have completed the HPV vaccine series. Therefore, modeling the demographic dynamics and transmission of HPV and OPC progression is needed for accurate estimation of the economic and epidemiological impacts of HPV vaccine in a geographic area. An age-structured population dynamic model was developed for the U.S. state of Texas. With Texas-specific model parameters calibrated, this model described the dynamics of HPV-associated OPC in Texas. Parameters for the Year 2010 were used as the initial values, and the prediction for Year 2012 was compared with the real age-specific incidence rates in 23 age groups for model validation. The validated model was applied to predict 100-year age-adjusted incidence rates. The public health benefits of HPV vaccine uptake were evaluated by computer simulation. Compared with current vaccination program, increasing vaccine uptake rates by 50% would decrease the cumulative cases by 4403, within 100 years. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of this strategy was $94,518 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Increasing the vaccine uptake rate by 50% can: (i) reduce the incidence rates of OPC among both males and females; (ii) improve the quality-adjusted life years for both males and females; (iii) be cost-effective and has the potential to provide tremendous public health benefits in Texas.

Validation of the Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Technique in Head and Neck Cancers of the Oral Cavity

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 1295-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pejman Radkani ◽  
Thomas W. Mesko ◽  
Juan C. Paramo
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Published Data

The purpose of this study was to present our experience and validate the use of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in patients with head and neck cancers. A retrospective review of a pro-spectively collected database of patients with a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck from 2008 to 2011 was done. The group consisted of a total of 20 patients. The first node(s) highlighted with blue, or identified as radioactive by Tc99-sulfur radioactive colloid, was (were) identified as the SLNs. In the first seven patients, formal modified neck dissection was performed. In the remaining 13 patients, only a SLN biopsy procedure was done. At least one SLN was identified in all 20 patients (100%). Only one patient (5%) had positive nodes. In this case, the SLN was also positive. In the remaining 19 cases, all lymph nodes were negative. After an average of 24 months of follow-up, there have been three local recurrences (15%) but no evidence of distant metastatic disease. SLN mapping in head and neck cancers is a feasible technique with a high identification rate and a low false-negative rate. Although the detection rate of regional metastatic disease compares favorably with published data as well as the disease-free and overall survival, further studies are warranted before considering this technique to be the “gold standard” in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and a negative neck by clinical examination and imaging studies.

scholarly journals Research Progress of circRNAs in Head and Neck Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panchun Li ◽  
Kunjie Zhu ◽  
Yongzhen Mo ◽  
Xiangying Deng ◽  
Xianjie Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
High Conservation

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of non-coding RNAs. Because of their characteristics of a closed loop structure, disease- and tissue-specificity, and high conservation and stability, circRNAs have the potential to be biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Head and neck cancers are one of the most common malignant tumors with high incidence rates globally. Affected patients are often diagnosed at the advanced stage with poor prognosis, owing to the concealment of anatomic sites. The characteristics, functions, and specific mechanisms of circRNAs in head and neck cancers are increasingly being discovered, and they have important clinical significance for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of patients with cancer. In this study, the generation, characteristics, and functions of circRNAs, along with their regulatory mechanisms in head and neck cancers have been summarized. We report that circRNAs interact with molecules such as transcription and growth factors to influence specific pathways involved in tumorigenesis. We conclude that circRNAs have an important role to play in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, energy and substance metabolism, and treatment resistance in cancers.

Narrow Band Imaging for Detecting Metachronous Superficial Oropharyngeal and Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas After Chemoradiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancers

2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. 1787-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikatoshi Katada ◽  
Meijin Nakayama ◽  
Satoshi Tanabe ◽  
Wasaburo Koizumi ◽  
Takashi Masaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Narrow Band Imaging ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers

scholarly journals Effectiveness of planned surveillance for detecting second primary head and neck cancers after endoscopic resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1162-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Shinozaki ◽  
Chikatoshi Katada ◽  
Kiyoto Shiga ◽  
Takahiro Asakage ◽  
Tetsuji Yokoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Endoscopic Resection ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Transoral Surgery ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Laryngeal Function

Abstract Background Second primary head and neck cancers after endoscopic resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma adversely affect patients’ outcomes and the quality of life; however, an adequate surveillance schedule remains unclear. Methods We analyzed 330 patients with early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent endoscopic resection and were registered in the multicenter cohort study to evaluate adequate surveillance for detection of second primary head and neck cancers. Gastrointestinal endoscopists examined the head and neck regions after 3–6 months of endoscopic resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and subsequently every 6 months. An otolaryngologist also examined the head and neck regions at the time of endoscopic resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and at 12 months intervals thereafter. Results During the median follow-up period of 49.4 months (1.3–81.2 months), 33 second primary head and neck cancers were newly detected in 20 patients (6%). The tumor site was as follows: 22 lesions in the hypopharynx, eight lesions in the oropharynx, two lesions in larynx and one lesion in the oral cavity. The 2-year cumulative incidence rate of second primary head and neck cancers was 3.7%. Among them, 17 patients with 29 lesions were treated by transoral surgery. One patient with two synchronous lesions was treated by radiotherapy. Two lesions in two patients were not detected after biopsy. All patients were cured with preserved laryngeal function. Conclusions Surveillance by gastrointestinal endoscopy every 6 months and surveillance by an otolaryngologist every 12 months could detect second primary head and neck cancers at an early stage, thereby facilitating minimally invasive treatment.

scholarly journals SUN-426 The Impact from AJCC 8Th Edition Staging System on Thyroid Cancer Outcomes by Race And Ethnicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Santamaria-Barria ◽  
Amanda N Graff-Baker ◽  
Shu-Ching Chang ◽  
Adam Khader ◽  
Anthony J Scholer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Asian Pacific Islanders ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
The Impact ◽  
8Th Edition

Abstract Background. Previous studies have demonstrated racial and ethnic outcome disparities among differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients. However, the impact of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system (AJCC8) on these disparities is unknown. Methods. DTC patients with sufficient tumor and survival data were identified in the National Cancer Database from 2004-2013. The 7th edition of the staging system (AJCC7) and AJCC8 criteria were compared. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between AJCC7 to AJCC8 staging change and race and ethnicity. Cox-proportional hazards regression was then used to evaluate the association between AJCC7 to AJCC8 staging change and overall survival. Results. Of 33,323 DTC patients, 76.7% were White/Non-Hispanics, 7.6% Blacks, 6.7% Hispanics, 5.4% Asian/Pacific-Islanders, and 3.6% Native-American/Other. Most were female (77%) with papillary DTC (90%). After adjusting for demographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics, Hispanics and Asian/Pacific-Islanders were 27% and 12% less likely to be AJCC7 to AJCC8 downstaged than White/Non-Hispanics (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.66-0.81; and OR=0.88, 95%CI: 0.79-0.99, respectively); Blacks had no significant downstaging difference compared to White/Non-Hispanics (OR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.90-1.09, p=0.79). Although AJCC8 was a better survival prognosticator than AJCC7, Cox-proportional hazards regression showed that all AJCC7 to AJCC8 downstaged patients had an increased risk of death compared to patients with unchanged staging, regardless of race and ethnicity: White/Non-Hispanics (HR=2.64, 95%CI: 2.34-2.98), Blacks (HR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.23-2.54), Hispanic (HR=3.27, 95%CI: 2.05-5.22), Asian/Pacific-Islanders (HR=2.31, 95%CI: 1.35-3.98), and Native-American/Other (HR=5.26, 95%CI: 2.10-13.19). However, based on two way interaction, the magnitude of negative change in survival from downstaging was only different between White/Non-Hispanics and Blacks (HR=2.64 vs. HR=1.77, respectively; p=0.04). Conclusions. Racial and ethnic outcome disparities persist with AJCC8. The proportion of downstaged DTC patients with AJCC8 varies by race and ethnicity, with the least impact found in Hispanics and Asian/Pacific-Islanders. Downstaged patients across all racial and ethnic groups had a decreased survival than those with unchanged stage, with the least impact in Blacks. These disparities should be taken into account when counseling patients about their prognosis with the new AJCC8.

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