Prediction of survival by immunohistochemical stains (IHC) in stage D2 prostate cancer patients (pts): The importance of pTEN overexpression

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16019-e16019
Author(s):  
B. Kasimis ◽  
V. Chang ◽  
S. Gounder ◽  
M. Gonzalez ◽  
C. Finch-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Pdgfr Beta ◽  
Pdgfr Alpha

e16019 Background: Several signal transduction pathways,important for apoptosis and angiogenesis were idendified and their expression and correlation with survival was studied by IHC in archival prostate cancer biopsies. All pts has androgen deprivation for stage D2 disease and were followed at 3 month intervals. Methods: In an IRB approved study,42 pts had adequate tissue preserved between 1992 and 2006 and their charts were reviewed retrospectively.IHC stains to detect tumor expression of S6(ribosomal),p70s6,pTEN,AKT-1,BCL-1(Cyclin D1),VEGF,c-KIT,PDGFR-alpha and PDGFR-beta were performed by US Labs(Irvine,CA).All results were independently evaluated by two pathologists.Immunoreactivity was scored using a semiquantitative system combining intensity of staining(0–3+) and percentage of cells staining positive(0–3+).The total score was obtained by adding the scores for indensity and the percentage of positive cells,then averaging the resuts obtained by each reader.For the purpose of this study, stain intensity of 0–1+ was considered negative and the intensity of 2–3+ was considered positive.A Cox regression survival model for each stain was developed with variables known to predict survival :Gleason score,Hemoglobin(Hgb),Alkaline Phosphatase(Alk Phos),Prostate Specific Antigen(PSA),Lactate Dehydrogenase(LDH) levels. Results: The median values were: age 70yrs(56–92),Gleason score 8(6–10), LDH 171 IU/L(97–350),Hgb 12.9gm/dl (6.8–16.3), PSA 188ng/ml(2–5677),Alk Phos 139U/L(60–1756),survival 851 days(163- 6102).In univariate analysis,VEGF staining was predictive of survival (p<0.037) but not in multivariate analysis.The pTEN staining correlated with survival (p<0.0367) and a hazard ratio of 0.040 in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: In this small sample of pts, overexpression of S6,p70s6,AKT-1,BCL-1,VEGF,c-KIT,PDGFR-alpha and PDGFR-beta by IHC staining did not predict survival independently.The pTEN staining,however was strong predictor of survival in the multivariate analysis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Charlson Score as prognostic factor in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 242-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Jankilevich ◽  
Luciana Gennari ◽  
Matias Salazar ◽  
Claudio Graziano ◽  
Eduardo Saravia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistance

242 Background: Tumor stage, Gleason score, PSA, Performance Status have been identified as important predictors of survival in prostate cancer. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a validated score used to stratify patients according to comorbidities. To evaluate the prognostic role of CCI in patients with CPRC. Methods: A retrospective study based on an analysis of medical records of 212 patients with CRPC treated at Durand Hospital between 2010-2015. The CCI was calculated for each patient and a correlation with overall survival was performed. Statistical analysis included univariate analysis and multivariate analysis (Cox regression). Patients were stratified according CCI ≤ 7.6 or ≥ 7.6. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier curve. Results: We analyzed records of 212 patients with prostate cancer, of which 59 were resistant to castration. Median age 69 years, the PFS with androgen blockade was 32.4 months. Patients with CPRC 54% perform chemotherapy as first-line treatment of castration resistance and 46% performed treatment of hormonal manipulation (Enzalutamide or Abiraterone Acetate). Median overall survival of patients with CCI < 7.6 was 75 months versus 62 months for those with CCI > 7.6 HR: 1.19 (1.03 to 1.36) p: 0.01. In multivariate analysis the ICC was an independent predictor of mortality in these patients HR: 1.23 (1.03 to 1.48) p: 0.02. (Table 1) CCI ≤ 7,6 was predictor to subsequent lines in CPRC setting. Gleason score, PS were independent predictors of survival. Conclusions: Based on our results we can consider the CCI as an independent predictor of survival in CPRC patients. CCI could be an useful tool useful to select patients in clinical trial and community settings. [Table: see text]

Oncological outcomes of surgery in very high risk pT3b prostate cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Daimantas MILONAS ◽  
Giedrė SMAILYTĖ ◽  
Darius TRUMBECKAS ◽  
Mindaugas JIEVALTAS
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Surgery Outcome

Background. The aim of the study was to present the oncologic outcomes and to determine the prognostic factors of overall (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) as well as disease-progression-free survival (DPFS) after surgery for pT3b prostate cancer. Materials and methods. In 2002–2007, a pT3b stage after radical prostatectomy was detected in 56 patients. Patients were divided into groups according to the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level (20 ng/ml), lymph nodes status (N0 vs. Nx vs. N1) and the Gleason score (6–7 vs. 8–10). The Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to calculate OS, CSS and DPFS. The Cox regression was used to identify the predictive factors of survival. Results. Five-year OS, CSS and DPFS rates were 75.1%, 79.6% and 79.3%, respectively. The survival was significantly different when comparing the Gleason 6–7 and 8–10 groups. The 5-year OS, CSS and DPFS were 91.2% vs. 48.6%, 97.1% vs. 51.1% and 93.8 vs. 51.1%, respectively. There was no difference in survival among the groups with a different PSA level. The OS and CSS but not DPFS were significantly different when comparing the N0 and N1 groups. The 5-year OS and CSS was 84.4% vs. 37.5% and 87.3% vs. 47.6%, respectively. The specimen Gleason score was a significant predictor of OS and CSS. The risk of death increased up to 4-fold when a Gleason score 8–10 was present at the final pathology. Conclusions. Radical prostatectomy may offer acceptable CSS, DPFS and OS rates in pT3b PCa. However, outcomes in patients with N1 and specimen Gleason ≥8 were significantly worse, suggesting the need of multimodality treatment in such cases. Keywords: prostate cancer, locally advanced, surgery, outcome

Correlation of percent of core biopsies positive for prostate cancer and biochemical outcome following I-125 prostate brachytherapy or external beam radiation.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
R. D. Tendulkar ◽  
K. L. Stephans ◽  
C. A. Reddy ◽  
K. Martires ◽  
A. R. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Prostate Brachytherapy ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
T Stage ◽  
Psa Testing ◽  
Biopsy Gleason Score

40 Background: The percentage of positive cores (PPC) on biopsy for prostate cancer has been identified as a predictor of outcome following definitive local treatment. We aim to identify whether this observation holds true for a modern cohort of patients (pts) treated at Cleveland Clinic with permanent prostate brachytherapy (PB) or external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed pathology reports of pts treated with either PB or EBRT from our IRB-approved prospective prostate cancer registry. No pts underwent both PB and EBRT. The number of biopsy cores sampled, number of cores positive for prostate cancer, and maximum length of any core positive for prostate cancer were collected. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze biochemical relapse free survival (bRFS) using the nadir + 2 ng/ml definition. Results: We identified 1253 PB and 879 EBRT pts with complete pathology and clinical information. Among PB pts, 46% were low risk, 40% intermediate risk, and 14% high risk, while 78% had <50% PPC, and 22% had >=50% PPC. The 5-year bRFS for PB was 92.0% for <50% PPC, vs. 83.1% for >=50% PPC (HR 2.1, p=0.0005). For PB pts, significant predictors of bRFS on univariate analysis included: PPC, clinical T stage, PSA, biopsy Gleason score, androgen deprivation, and frequency of PSA testing. On multivariate analysis, only PPC, biopsy Gleason score, and PSA frequency remained significant predictors following PB. Among EBRT pts, 11% were low risk, 36% intermediate risk, and 53% high risk, while 55% had <50% PPC, and 45% had >=50% PPC. The 5-year bRFS for EBRT was 85.6% for <50% PPC, vs. 77.1% for >=50% PPC (HR 1.8, p<0.0001). For EBRT pts, significant predictors of bRFS on univariate analysis included: PPC, clinical T stage, PSA, biopsy Gleason score, androgen deprivation, EBRT dose, and frequency of PSA testing. On multivariate analysis, only PPC, biopsy Gleason score, and PSA frequency remained significant predictors following EBRT. Conclusions: Following PB or EBRT, the percent of positive cores for prostate cancer was a significant predictor of bRFS on multivariate analysis, more so than conventional predictors such as T stage and PSA. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Predicting positive bone marrow biopsies (BMBs) in patients (PTS) with advanced prostate cancer (APC).

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 180-180
Author(s):  
David Lorente ◽  
Aurelius Gabriel Omlin ◽  
Carmel Jo Pezaro ◽  
Nina Tunariu ◽  
Roberta Ferraldeschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Scan ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsies

180 Background: Advanced prostate cancer (APC) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease, with evidence of clonal evolution that could be responsible for resistance to treatment. About 90% of patients (pts) with APC have bone metastases. The acquisition of a bone marrow biopsies (BMBs) is a safe and feasible technique for obtaining tissue, with a low rate of complications. We hypothesized that pre-biopsy clinical variables may increase the success rate of BMBs in APC. Methods: Standard BMBs of the iliac crest were performed in APC pts between October 2011 and June 2013. All pts signed ethics approved consent. In the control cohort (n=10) BMBs were collected in pts with normal CT and bone scan appearance. Minimum, maximum, and mean Hounsfield Units (HU) of the iliac crest on pre-biopsy CTs were determined. Clinical and laboratory variables were collected from the electronic record system. Biopsies were defined as containing 50 or more or 1 to 50 malignant cells or none (negative). Univariate analysis was performed to determine variables associated with biopsy positivity with 50 or more cells. For variables with p value<0.1, the optimal cut-off point was determined by ROC curve analysis. A multivariate analysis with optimal cut-off points was then performed. Results: A total of 71 BMBs were performed in 57 pts. None of the control biopsies in pts with normal CT and bone scan (10 of 10) contained tumor. A total of 46 of 61 BMBs (75.4%) were positive. 38 of 61 (62.3%) contained 50 or more cells. Prior treatments were docetaxel in 57 (79.2%) and abiraterone in 42 (58%) pts. Bisphosphonates had been used in 21 (28.8%) pts. The significant variables on univariate analysis were ALP more than or equal to 200 IU/L (p=0.059), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) more than or equal to 225 ng/mL (p=0.008), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) more than or equal to 200 IU/L (p=0.09), mean HU more than or equal to 125 (p=0.000) and maximum HU more than or equal to 550 (p=0.001). These factors were tested in multivariate analysis. Only PSA and mean HU were significant in multivariate analysis. The combined PSA and mean HU score had an ROC AUC of 0.79. Conclusions: A combination of PSA and mean HU on CT could assist physicians in selecting APC patients/ iliac crest site more likely to have a positive BMB. Prospective evaluation is ongoing in a validation set.

scholarly journals The role of PSA density to predict a pathological tumour upgrade between needle biopsy and radical prostatectomy for low risk clinical prostate cancer in the modified Gleason system era

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros Sfoungaristos ◽  
Ioannis Katafigiotis ◽  
Petros Perimenis
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Surgical Margins ◽  
Positive Surgical Margins ◽  
Psa Density

Objectives: We evaluate the role of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density to predict Gleason score upgrade between prostate biopsy material and radical prostatectomy specimen examination in patients with low-risk prostate cancer.Methods: Between January 2007 and November 2011, 133 low-risk patients underwent a radical prostatectomy. Using the modified Gleason criteria, tumour grade of the surgical specimens was examined and compared to the biopsy results.Results: A tumour upgrade was noticed in 57 (42.9%) patients. Organ-confined disease was found in 110 (82.7%) patients, while extracapsular disease and seminal vesicles invasion was found in 19 (14.3%) and 4 (3.0%) patients, respectively. Positive surgical margins were reported in 23 (17.3%) patients. A statistical significant correlation between the preoperative PSA density value and postoperative upgrade was found (p = 0.001) and this observation had a predictive value (p = 0.002); this is in contrast to the other studied parameters which failed to reach significance, including PSA, percentage of cancer in biopsy and number of biopsy cores. Tumour upgrade was also highly associated with extracapsularcancer extension (p = 0.017) and the presence of positive surgical margins (p = 0.017).Conclusions: PSA density represents a strong predictor for Gleason score upgrade after radical prostatectomy in patients with clinical low-risk disease. Since tumour upgrade increases the potential for postoperative pathological adverse findings and prognosis, PSA density should be considered when treating and consulting patients with low-risk prostate cancer.

scholarly journals The GP Score, a Simplified Formula (Bioptic Gleason Score Times Prostate Specific Antigen) as a Predictor for Biochemical Failure after Prostatectomy in Prostate Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Norihito Soga ◽  
Yuji Ogura ◽  
Toshiaki Wakita ◽  
Takumi Kageyama ◽  
Jun Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Biochemical Failure ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Significant Independent Risk Factor

Objectives: We used a new GP score (Gleason score multiplied by prostate-specific antigen) without the T stage as a predictive value for biochemical failure (BCF) after prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: We assessed 459 prostate cancer patients who underwent prostatectomies at our institution. Three sub-groups were defined in terms of D'Amico classification risk (low, intermediate, and high) and Gleason score (low, < 50; intermediate, 50-100; and high GP score, > 100). Risk factors for BCF were evaluated by multivariate analysis with a Cox hazard model. A log-rank test was used to compare the BCF rate in the 2 groups. Results: There was nosignificant difference in the non-BCF rate between the lowrisk and low GP score subgroups or the intermediate risk andintermediate GP score subgroups. In contrast, the non-BCFrate of the high GP score subgroup (42.1%) was significantlylower than that of the high-risk subgroup (66.1%, log-rankp = 0.008). Based on multivariate analysis, a high GP score(p = 0.001; HR 3.78; 95%CI 1.95-7.35) was a significant independent risk factor for BCF after prostatectomy. Conclusion: The GP score, consisting of two absolute numbers, may be a valuable predictive factor for BCF after prostatectomy, especially in the high-risk failure group.

Pretreatment Nomogram for Prostate-Specific Antigen Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy or External-Beam Radiation Therapy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony V. D'Amico ◽  
Richard Whittington ◽  
S. Bruce Malkowicz ◽  
Julie Fondurulia ◽  
Ming-Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
External Beam Radiation Therapy ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Psa Failure ◽  
Biopsy Gleason Score

PURPOSE: To present nomograms providing estimates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure–free survival after radical prostatectomy (RP) or external-beam radiation therapy (RT) for men diagnosed during the PSA era with clinically localized disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A Cox regression multivariable analysis was used to determine the prognostic significance of the pretreatment PSA level, 1992 American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical stage, and biopsy Gleason score in predicting the time to posttherapy PSA failure in 1,654 men with T1c,2 prostate cancer managed with either RP or RT. RESULTS: Pretherapy PSA, AJCC clinical stage, and biopsy Gleason score were independent predictors (P < .0001) of time to posttherapy PSA failure in patients managed with either RP or RT. Two-year PSA failure rates derived from the Cox regression model and bootstrap estimates of the 95% confidence intervals are presented in the format of a nomogram stratified by the pretreatment PSA, AJCC clinical stage, biopsy Gleason score, and local treatment modality. CONCLUSION: Men at high risk (> 50%) for early (≤ 2 years) PSA failure could be identified on the basis of the type of local therapy received and the clinical information obtained as part of the routine work-up for localized prostate cancer. Selection of these men for trials evaluating adjuvant systemic and improved local therapies may be justified.

The effect of corticosteroid (Cs) use during docetaxel (D) treatment on overall survival (OS) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16522-e16522
Author(s):  
Fruzsina Gyergyay ◽  
Barna Budai ◽  
Krisztina Biro ◽  
Zsofia Kuronya ◽  
Krisztian Nagyivanyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Abiraterone Acetate ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Kaplan Meier

e16522 Background: Cs are commonly used in the treatment of mCRPC, because of their inhibitory effects on the secretion of ACTH and their palliative effects. Inhibition of ACTH results in downregulation of adrenal androgens. Cs may have a cytotoxic effect on prostate cancer cells, mediated in part by the downregulation of androgen receptors and the activation of glucocorticoid receptor-mediated signaling and downstream antiangiogenic activity. The rationale for adding Cs to D chemotherapy is for the management of symptoms and adverse events rather than for improving responses. D (without Cs) + ADT (androgen-deprivation therapy) vs ADT alone in castration-sensitive prostate cancer has resulted in significant increase in survival (NEJM, 2015). Cs has been reported to adversely influence OS during enzalutamide (NEJM, 2012). In the COU-AA-301 trial Cs use at baseline was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis, but not in a stepwise selection model (JCO, 2013). Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 117 mCRPC pts treated with D. All pts had standard Cs premedication before D and 74 pts received prednisone 5 mg po BID, but 43 pts didn’t get continuous Cs therapy. Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression model were used. Results: Pts characteristics were as follows: median age 66 yrs (range 48-81), Gleason score ≤6: 22pts, ≥7: 61pts. (34 NA). Altogether 1015 cycles of D were given, median 8 (range 2-27). Subsequent therapies were as follows: Abiraterone Acetate (AA) (75), Mitoxantrone (46), Xofigo (5), other chemotherapies (7), none (21). Pts receiving Cs had an inferior OS in all subgroups, although none was significant (Table). Only the Gleason score was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our data suggest, that D therapy withouth Cs is at least as effective as the combination. More data is neccesary to support the suspicion of negative influence of Cs on OS. Thus unnecesarry Cs treatment might be ommited. [Table: see text]

Radiation-related lymphopenia after pelvic nodal irradiation for prostate cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 26-26
Author(s):  
Sunil W Dutta ◽  
Michael D Schad ◽  
Donald A Muller ◽  
Krishni Wijesooriya ◽  
Timothy N Showalter
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Biochemical Progression ◽  
One Year

26 Background: Given uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of pelvic nodal irradiation (PNI) for prostate cancer, we aimed to determine whether prostate cancer patients treated with PNI are at a higher risk of developing radiation-related lymphopenia (RRL) and whether RRL is predictive for worse treatment outcomes. Methods: The electronic charts of 886 consecutive patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer from 2006 to 2018 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Qualifying patients were those with total lymphocyte counts (TLCs) within one year prior to and 3–24 months after the start of RT. Lymphopenia was the primary outcome; overall survival (OS) and biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) were secondary outcomes. Results: Thirty-six patients with PNI and ninety-five patients without PNI qualified. In the PNI cohort, 61.1% of patients developed RRL (median follow-up TLC < 1000 cells/µL), versus 26.3% of non-PNI patients. On univariate analysis, initial prostate specific antigen (iPSA), baseline lymphopenia, treatment modality, PNI status, increased planned target volume, and androgen deprivation therapy administration were all significant predictors of RRL ( p < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, PNI status was a significant predictor of RRL ( p < 0.001; HR 3.42; 95% CI 1.22–9.61) as well as iPSA ( p = 0.006; HR 1.05; 95% CI 1.00–1.11) and baseline lymphopenia ( p = 0.007; HR 8.32; 95% CI 2.19–31.6). RRL was not predictive for bPFS, distant metastasis, or OS on multivariate analysis, though the numbers of events were likely insufficient for these analyses. Conclusions: The higher risk of RRL among PNI patients comports with other papers that show increased treatment volumes are associated with higher rates of RRL. Mounting evidence for the adverse effects of RRL on clinical outcomes supports the significance of our findings and suggests further studies are needed on RRL as a potential harm of PNI that may affect interpretation of results from clinical trials of PNI.

Association of Plasma Interlukin-6 in Metastatic & Non-Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients presented to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore Pakistan.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munazza Khan ◽  
Zaffar Uddin ◽  
Zarghuna Khan ◽  
Yasir Khan ◽  
Zarsanga Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is a complex, multi-factorial disease. In spite of its high prevalence, the Pathophysiology of thePC progression is poorly understood. Cytokines play important role in immune regulation. Cytokines (IL-6) regulates growth ofmany tumor cells including prostate cancer, therefor it can be used as a marker for PC.Objectives: To measure and compare the levels of IL-6 between metastatic and non- metastatic prostate cancer patients.Material and Methods: This study was a Cross-sectional analytical and was conducted in the Department of physiology FederalPsotgraduate Medical Institute (FPGMI) Lahore with collaboration of Urology department of Sheikh Zayed hospital Lahore.Patients with prostate cancer registered with Urology department, Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore were recruited for the study.Patients with inflammatory conditions, auto-immune diseases, obesity and Alzimer's disease were excluded. A standard Elisa kit(Thermo scientific made in USA) was used for estimation of serum IL-6 levels. Data was recorded on a structured checklist, whichcontained basic demographic data along with finding of prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostatic biopsy, bone scan and serum IL-6levels. Data was analyzed through SPSS version 20 for descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 50 (25 metastatic and 25 non-metastatic) prostate cancer patients were being part of the present study. Themean PSA level was 364.42 ± 86.7 among metastatic prostate cancer patients as compared to 30.71 ±23.48 non- metastatic,indicating significant difference (p =0.001). Similarly mean Gleason score was high (7.16±0.85) among metastatic prostate cancerpatients as compared to 6.28±0.54 among non-metastatic one. Significant difference (p=0.014) was observed regarding IL-6. Itwas 25.73±80.48 among metastatic patients in comparison with 1.56±1.38 among non-metastatic patients. There was strongcorrelation between PSA and Gleason score (r= 0.479**, p<0.001). Also positive association was found between IL-6 and PSA, (r=0.285*, p=0.045).Conclusion: Serum IL-6 might be considered as a predictor for metastatic prostate cancer. Along with PSA, serum IL-6 levelscould be a strong predictor for the diagnosis of metastatic condition of prostate cancer.

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