Cancer sites and/or histologies with increasing incidence in elderly.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12036-e12036
Author(s):  
Jigisha P. Thakkar ◽  
Bridget J. McCarthy ◽  
John L. Villano
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Cancer Statistics ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
The Us

e12036 Background: In the US, from 2004-2008, approximately 7.8% of all cancers were diagnosed and 15.2% of cancer deaths occurred in those age 85 and older. Due to the aging of the US population, a focus on the incidence of cancer in the elderly population is needed to advance knowledge on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in this age group. Methods: Data was retrieved from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Cancer Statistics Review and from the SEER website. Data from seventeen SEER registries for the years 2000-2008 were included. Cancer sites/histologies included invasive cases only, unless otherwise noted, and rates were per 100,000. Age-specific incidence rates for meningioma were obtained from Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) Statistical Report: NPCR (National Program of Cancer Registries) and SEER (2004-2007). Results: The overall cancer incidence rate decreases in the elderly age group. The age-specific (crude) SEER incidence rate for all cancer sites combined for those aged 85+ is 2299.65/100,000. Elderly males have a higher incidence rate as compared to elderly females (3220.7 versus 1884.9). Despite the overall decline in the incidence rate in the oldest age group, the cancer sites and/or histologies with continued increasing incidence rates after 85 years of age are: colon, bones and joints, gall bladder, Kaposi’s sarcoma, leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, pancreas, soft tissue including heart, vulva, vagina, and meningioma. Conclusions: Among cancer sites with increasing incidence after age 85; colon cancer has the highest incidence rate. Screening and early diagnosis for cancer in the elderly should be critically considered for colorectal cancers.

scholarly journals Effect of Population-Wide Hepatitis B Vaccination in Preventing Liver Cancer Among Children and Young Adults in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 11s-11s
Author(s):  
A.Z. Shams ◽  
V. Winkler ◽  
H. Pohlabeln ◽  
V. Arndt ◽  
U. Haug
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
The Us ◽  
Incident Cases

Background: Liver cancer is the second most common cause of death from cancer worldwide1. In 2013, 79,2000 new cases of liver cancer and 818,000 deaths occurred globally2,3. Chronic infection with HBV accounts for at least 50% of liver cancer globally4. In the United States (US), liver cancer constitute the ninth leading cause of cancer death. The incidence of the cancer has persistently increased in the recent decades. Universal HBV vaccination was introduced in 1992 in the US. However, incidence trends of liver cancer among US children is poorly researched or relevant studies are not up-to-date5. Aim: This study aims to explore the effect of HBV population-wide vaccination program in reducing liver cancer incidence in the vaccinated children and adolescents in the US. Methods: Liver cancer incidence data were obtained from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) databases (volumes I to X) from International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC). Data acquisition and analysis covered available incidence data between 1978-2007 from 9 cancer registries from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) from the US presented in the CI5 databases. Age-specific incidence rates of liver cancer (based on 5 year age groups ie 5-9 year, 10-14 year and 15-19 years) were calculated using age and sex-disaggregated incidence and population data from the SEER cancer registries. Stata software version 14.0 (StataCorp, USA) was used to calculate age-specific incidence rates, using number of liver cancer incident cases in each age group by the number of population in the respective age group. Age-specific rates were analyzed by period of diagnosis and by birth year. Rate ratios were estimated from age-group-specific Poisson regressions. Results: A total of 140 liver cancer incident cases were registered in the 9 SEER registries between 1978 to 2007 in the US. The incidence rate of liver cancer in children 5 to 9 years of age from 1978-1982 was 0.10 per 100,000 children. The incidence increased to 0.16 for the period from 2003-2007. The same trend is seen for the age group 10-14 and 15-19 years of age. Overall, age-specific incidence rates for liver cancer increased across age groups of 5-9, 10-14 and 15-19 year in the population covered by the 9 SEER registries in the US. However, risk estimates (incidence rate ratios, resulted from age-group-specific Poisson regressions did not show statistical significant effects. Conclusion: While the global response to implement population-wide HBV vaccination program is out of question, efforts to establish processes to evaluate the effect of such programs seems to be incomparably limited. Estimating the effect of HBV vaccination will relatively improve with time as further incidence data become available eg upon publication of data from new volume of CI5 databases.

scholarly journals The epidemiology of spinal schwannoma in the United States between 2006 and 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahed Tish ◽  
Ghaith Habboub ◽  
Min Lang ◽  
Quinn T. Ostrom ◽  
Carol Kruchko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
American Population ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Spinal Schwannoma ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

OBJECTIVESpinal schwannoma remains the third most common intradural spinal tumor following spinal meningioma and ependymoma. The available literature is generally limited to single-institution reports rather than epidemiological investigations. As of 1/1/2004, registration of all benign central nervous system tumors in the United States became mandatory after the Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act took action, which provided massive resources for United States population-based epidemiological studies. This article describes the epidemiology of spinal schwannoma in the United States from January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2014.METHODSIn this study, the authors utilized the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, which corresponds to 100% of the American population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Program of Cancer Registries and the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results program provide the resource for this data registry. The authors included diagnosis years 2006 to 2014. They used the codes per the International Coding of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition: histology code 9560/0 and site codes C72.0 (spinal cord), C70.1 (spinal meninges), and C72.1 (cauda equina). Rates are per 100,000 persons and are age-adjusted to the 2000 United States standard population. The age-adjusted incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals are calculated by age, sex, race, and ethnicity.RESULTSThere were 6989 spinal schwannoma cases between the years 2006 and 2014. The yearly incidence eminently increased between 2010 and 2014. Total incidence rate was 0.24 (95% CI 0.23–0.24) per 100,000 persons. The peak adjusted incidence rate was seen in patients who ranged in age from 65 to 74 years. Spinal schwannomas were less common in females than they were in males (incidence rate ratio = 0.85; p < 0.001), and they were less common in blacks than they were in whites (IRR = 0.52; p < 0.001) and American Indians/Alaska Natives (IRR = 0.50; p < 0.001) compared to whites. There was no statistically significant difference in incidence rate between whites and Asian or Pacific Islanders (IRR = 0.92; p = 0.16).CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ study results demonstrated a steady increase in the incidence of spinal schwannomas between 2010 and 2014. Male sex and the age range 65–74 years were associated with higher incidence rates of spinal schwannomas, whereas black and American Indian/Alaska Native races were associated with lower incidence rates. The present study represents the most thorough assessment of spinal schwannoma epidemiology in the American population.

Trends of endometrial cancer incidence from 2000 to 2015 in the United States.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5591-5591
Author(s):  
V V Pavan Kedar Mukthinuthalapati ◽  
Muhammad Zain Farooq ◽  
Shweta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
The Us ◽  
Histologic Subtypes

5591 Background: Recent studies have shown that obesity related cancers are increasing in incidence in the US as the rates of obesity rise and some cancers, like colorectal cancer, are occurring in younger age groups. We studied trends in incidence of endometrial cancer (EC), one of the obesity related cancers, in a population wide analysis. Methods: We analyzed data from all cases of EC between 2000 and 2015 from 18 US cancer registries using the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program. SEER*Stat was used to query the database for annual percent changes (APC), incidence ratios and percent change in incidence across different age groups, years of diagnosis, histologic subtypes, grade and race. We also studied the reported rates and trends of obesity in the US. Results: APC of age-adjusted EC incidence between 2000 and 2015 was +0.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-0.6, p value<0.05). Incidence of EC rose from 17.8 per 100,000 to 19.7 per 100,000 during the same duration. APC for EC incidence for age groups 20-39 and >40 were +3.2% (p-value <0.05) and +0.8% (p value <0.05), respectively. For the age-group 20-39, endometrioid EC was the only histologic subtype that rose in incidence, with an APC of +5.5% and absolute percentage change of 156%. The APC of EC in 20-39 age group was more for whites (3.5%, p-value<0.05) and Asians (2.2%, p-value<0.05) than blacks (1.8, p-value <0.05). CDC reported an increase in obesity rates in adults from 30.5% in 2000 to 37.7% in 2014. Table shows trends of EC incidence in age groups 20-39 and >40 years across various histologic subtypes. (Abbreviations: S significant, NS not significant, NC non-calculable). Conclusions: Endometrial cancer, especially of endometrioid histology, is increasing in incidence and is occurring more often in the younger population. The concomitant rise in obesity rates during the same period point towards a possible causality of the increased in incidence of EC. Population based strategies are needed to decrease the trends in obesity so as to decrease the risk of endometrial cancer in younger women. [Table: see text]

Descriptive epidemiology of pituitary tumors in the United States, 2004–2009

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley Gittleman ◽  
Quinn T. Ostrom ◽  
Paul D. Farah ◽  
Annie Ondracek ◽  
Yanwen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
The Us ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Object Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths that develop in the pituitary gland. The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) contains the largest aggregation of population-based data on the incidence of primary CNS tumors in the US. These data were used to determine the incidence of tumors of the pituitary and associated trends between 2004 and 2009. Methods Using incidence data from 49 population-based state cancer registries, 2004–2009, age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 population for pituitary tumors with ICD-O-3 (International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition) histology codes 8040, 8140, 8146, 8246, 8260, 8270, 8271, 8272, 8280, 8281, 8290, 8300, 8310, 8323, 9492 (site C75.1 only), and 9582 were calculated overall and by patient sex, race, Hispanic ethnicity, and age at diagnosis. Corresponding annual percent change (APC) scores and 95% confidence intervals were also calculated using Joinpoint to characterize trends in incidence rates over time. Diagnostic confirmation by subregion of the US was also examined. Results The overall annual incidence rate increased from 2.52 (95% CI 2.46–2.58) in 2004 to 3.13 (95% CI 3.07–3.20) in 2009. Associated time trend yielded an APC of 4.25% (95% CI 2.91%–5.61%). When stratifying by patient sex, the annual incidence rate increased from 2.42 (95% CI 2.33–2.50) to 2.94 (95% CI 2.85–3.03) in men and 2.70 (95% CI 2.62–2.79) to 3.40 (95% CI 3.31–3.49) in women, with APCs of 4.35% (95% CI 3.21%–5.51%) and 4.34% (95% CI 2.23%–6.49%), respectively. When stratifying by race, the annual incidence rate increased from 2.31 (95% CI 2.25–2.37) to 2.81 (95% CI 2.74–2.88) in whites, 3.99 (95% CI 3.77–4.23) to 5.31 (95% CI 5.06–5.56) in blacks, 1.77 (95% CI 1.26–2.42) to 2.52 (95% CI 1.96–3.19) in American Indians or Alaska Natives, and 1.86 (95% CI 1.62–2.13) to 2.03 (95% CI 1.80–2.28) in Asians or Pacific Islanders, with APCs of 3.91% (95% CI 2.88%–4.95%), 5.25% (95% CI 3.19%–7.36%), 5.31% (95% CI –0.11% to 11.03%), and 2.40% (95% CI –3.20% to 8.31%), respectively. When stratifying by Hispanic ethnicity, the annual incidence rate increased from 2.46 (95% CI 2.40–2.52) to 3.03 (95% CI 2.97–3.10) in non-Hispanics and 3.12 (95% CI 2.91–3.34) to 4.01 (95% CI 3.80–4.24) in Hispanics, with APCs of 4.15% (95% CI 2.67%–5.65%) and 5.01% (95% CI 4.42%–5.60%), respectively. When stratifying by age at diagnosis, the incidence of pituitary tumor was highest for those 65–74 years old and lowest for those 15–24 years old, with corresponding overall age-adjusted incidence rates of 6.39 (95% CI 6.24–6.54) and 1.56 (95% CI 1.51–1.61), respectively. Conclusions In this large patient cohort, the incidence of pituitary tumors reported between 2004 and 2009 was found to increase. Possible explanations for this increase include changes in documentation, changes in the diagnosis and registration of these tumors, improved diagnostics, improved data collection, increased awareness of pituitary diseases among physicians and the public, longer life expectancies, and/or an actual increase in the incidence of these tumors in the US population.

Incidence and prevalence of synovial sarcoma in the US: An analysis using SEER*Stat.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22535-e22535
Author(s):  
Nedra Joseph ◽  
Samantha St. Laurent ◽  
Jeanenne Joy Nelson ◽  
Shan Zheng ◽  
Heide Stirnadel-Farrant
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Statistics ◽  
The Us ◽  
Incident Cases

e22535 Background: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare and aggressive soft tissue sarcoma which primarily affects the extremities of the arms and legs, and can also occur in the head and neck, lungs and pleura, and the trunk. The disease burden of SS is generally extrapolated from overall soft tissue sarcoma (STS) with SS accounting for 4.5% of all STS (587 cases estimated in 2018 in the US) (Noone, 2018; Siegel, 2018). The objective of this study was to provide disease burden estimates specific to SS in the US. Methods: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 Registries, Nov. 2017 (2000-2015) were analyzed using SEER*Stat software (v8.3.5). The incidence and prevalence of SS was estimated by utilizing SS-specific International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, V.3 (ICD-O-3) and histology codes. Data from 2011-2015 were used to project incidence rates (age-specific and age-adjusted), 5-year limited duration prevalence, number of incidence and prevalent cases, and the age distribution of synovial sarcoma for 2018. Results: In the US, the age-adjusted incidence rate of SS was 0.177 per 100,000 (estimated 580 incident cases) in 2018. SS is more frequently manifested in patients aged 20-49 years, with the highest occurrence of new cases in patients between 45-49 years (incidence rate 0.26 per 100,000). The prevalence rate of SS across all ages was 0.65 per 100,000 (estimated 2129 prevalent cases) as of January 1, 2018. Conclusions: We described incidence and prevalence rates of SS, including age-specific and age-standardized rates, and characterized the age distribution of SS. This approach provided more precise estimates that are specific to SS without extrapolation from STS, and which are not available in the literature. References: Noone AM, et al. (ed). SEER CSR, 1975-2015, https://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2015/ . Siegel RL, et al. Cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:7–30.

Epidemiology and characteristics of patients (pts) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and care in the United States.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 231-231
Author(s):  
Yunes Doleh ◽  
Huifen Wang ◽  
Ping Sun ◽  
Binbing Yu ◽  
Iksha Herr
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Intrahepatic Bile Duct ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Inpatient Settings

231 Background: The incidence of liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer, with HCC accounting for 72.7%, has doubled from 1992 to 2014 in the U.S. This study examined the latest epidemiology of HCC by analyzing 2 large U.S. databases. Methods: IBM MarketScan (IBM-MS) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-National Program of Cancer Registries (SEER-NPCR) databases were analyzed separately. Pts (aged ≥ 18 years) with HCC as the primary cancer were identified from the IBM-MS database, who were covered by employer-provided commercial or Medicare Supplemental insurance. A new HCC diagnosis (Dx) was defined as the first HCC Dx using ICD-9/10 codes within the study period (Jan 2012-Sep 2017) and no other HCC Dx in the prior 12 months. Comorbidities, performance status, distribution of pts, and treatments received were described. In SEER-NPCR (Jan 2010-Dec 2014), a nationally representative patient sample was analyzed to describe the incidence and mortality of pts with HCC. Results: A total of 8,150 and 119,927 pts were identified in IBM-MS and SEER-NPCR, respectively. Pts were predominately male in both databases. The HCC incidence rates among the IBM-MS cohort were 5.9, 5.5, 4.9, and 4.7 per 100,000 person-years from 2013 to 2016, respectively. The downward trend in the HCC incidence rate post-2013 for this population coincided with the drop in HCC incidence rate from 2013 to 2014 in SEER-NPCR. Amongst the IBM-MS cohort, 6%, 36%, and 59% of pts had hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and cirrhosis at Dx, respectively. Most pts (88%) were considered having good performance status at Dx. Embolization and chemo/targeted therapies were the most common treatments received by pts irrespective of the disease stage (31% and 12%, respectively) and pts with de novo metastatic HCC (19% and 18%, respectively). About 44% of the HCC Dx occurred at hospital outpatient settings; 31% at inpatient settings and 23% at physician offices. Conclusions: This study identifies the recent epidemiologic changes in pts with HCC and characterizes their comorbidities in a commercially-insured and a U.S. representative population. These epidemiologic data may be important considerations for U.S. payers making coverage policies for pts with HCC.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Elderly Population of the United States of America: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Sadjadi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
The Us

Current epidemiological data reports that adults aged 65 years and older comprise the most vulnerable age group with the highest proportion of CAP-attributable hospitalizations. Pneumococcal vaccine efficacy (VE) has been shown to decrease over time, contributing to increasing incidence rates of CAP. A holistic evaluation of age, sex, seasonality, and VE are is conducted in this systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 prospective and retrospective cohort studies. The findings suggest that incidence and age are positively associated and that incidence in females is more often reported to be higher in females than in males. In studies that observed seasonality of CAP, high seasons and low seasons were reported to be in winter and summer months, respectively. Lastly, studies that reviewed the effect of vaccination on incidence consistently found decreased observance of CAP in elderly adults following reception of PCV13 or PPSV23. However, one study suggested that such vaccinations may have decreased effectiveness in elderly populations and that research examining potential explanations for this require further investigation. Furthermore, distinct diagnostic and case ascertainment standards, descriptive measures, and methods of prevention and treatment of CAP used across the US are outlined in this review. Public health guidance such as encouraging the reception of pneumococcal vaccinations and mask-wearing during high seasons of CAP, and communicating the risks of not adhering to the aforementioned preventative measures can facilitate an effort to reduce the incidence of CAP and its associated adverse outcomes in the US elderly population.

scholarly journals Age and Sex Specific Trends in Incidence of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Danish Birth Cohorts from 1992 to 2002: A Nationwide Register Linkage Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8331
Author(s):  
Isabel Cardoso ◽  
Peder Frederiksen ◽  
Ina Olmer Specht ◽  
Mina Nicole Händel ◽  
Fanney Thorsteinsdottir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Poisson Regression Model ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Age And Sex

This study reports age- and sex-specific incidence rates of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in complete Danish birth cohorts from 1992 through 2002. Data were obtained from the Danish registries. All persons born in Denmark, from 1992–2002, were followed from birth and until either the date of first diagnosis recording, death, emigration, 16th birthday or administrative censoring (17 May 2017), whichever came first. The number of incident JIA cases and its incidence rate (per 100,000 person-years) were calculated within sex and age group for each of the birth cohorts. A multiplicative Poisson regression model was used to analyze the variation in the incidence rates by age and year of birth for boys and girls separately. The overall incidence of JIA was 24.1 (23.6–24.5) per 100,000 person-years. The rate per 100,000 person-years was higher among girls (29.9 (29.2–30.7)) than among boys (18.5 (18.0–19.1)). There were no evident peaks for any age group at diagnosis for boys but for girls two small peaks appeared at ages 0–5 years and 12–15 years. This study showed that the incidence rates of JIA in Denmark were higher for girls than for boys and remained stable over the observed period for both sexes.

scholarly journals Hip fractures among the elderly in Kyoto, Japan: a 10-year study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Asada ◽  
Motoyuki Horii ◽  
Kazuya Ikoma ◽  
Tsuyoshi Goto ◽  
Naoki Okubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Femoral Neck Fractures ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Trochanteric Fractures

Abstract Summary In Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, the number of hip fractures increased during 2013–2017 compared to 2008–2012. However, the estimated overall incidence rate increased only in femoral neck fractures in men aged ≥75 and women aged ≥85. Purpose The incidence rate of hip fractures in Japan has plateaued or decreased. We investigated the annual hip fracture occurrences in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, from 2008 to 2017. Methods Patients aged 65 years and above who sustained hip fractures between 2008 and 2017 and were treated at one of the participating 11 hospitals were included. The total number of beds in these institutions was 3701, accounting for 21.5% of the 17,242 acute-care beds in Kyoto Prefecture. The change in incidence rate was estimated utilizing the population according to the national census conducted in 2010 and 2015. Results The total number of hip fractures was 10,060, with 47.5% femoral neck fractures and 52.5% trochanteric fractures. A decrease in number was seen only in trochanteric fractures in the group of 75- to 84-year-old women. The population-adjusted numbers of femoral neck fractures showed a significant increase in all age groups in men, whereas in women, there was an increase in femoral neck fractures in the ≥85 group and trochanteric fractures in the age group 65–74, and a decrease in trochanteric fractures in the age group 75–84. The estimated change in incidence rate showed an increase in femoral neck fractures in men aged ≥75 and women aged ≥85. Conclusion In Kyoto Prefecture, the number of hip fractures increased in the second half of the study period (2013–2017) compared to the first half (2008–2012). However, the incidence rate had not increased, except in femoral neck fractures in men aged ≥75 and women aged ≥85.

Abstract P614: Effect Sizes of Vascular Risk Factors for Stroke Occurrence by Age Among West Africans

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayowa Owolabi ◽  
FRED S SARFO ◽  
Onoja Akpa ◽  
Joshua Akinyemi ◽  
Albert Akpalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Elderly Age

Background: Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke occurrence due its influence on vascular risk factor acquisition. In sub-Saharan Africa, the effect sizes of vascular risk factors for stroke occurrence by age is unknown. Objective: To quantify the magnitude and direction of the effect sizes of key modifiable risk factors of stroke according to three age groups: <50years(young), 50-65 years(middle age) and >65 years(elderly) in West Africa. Methods: The Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN) is a multicenter, case-control study involving 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Cases include adults aged ≥18 years with evidence of an acute stroke. Controls were age-and-gender matched stroke-free adults. Detailed evaluations for vascular, lifestyle, stroke severity and outcomes were performed. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of vascular risk factors of stroke. Results: Among 3,553 stroke cases, 813(22.9%) were young, 1441(40.6%) were middle-aged and 1299(36.6%) were elderly. Five modifiable risk factors were consistently associated with stroke occurrence regardless of age namely hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, regular meat consumption and non-consumption of green vegetables. Among the 5 co-shared risk factors, the effect size, aOR(95%CI) of dyslipidemia, 4.13(2.64-6.46), was highest among the young age group, hypertension, 28.93(15.10-55.44) and non-consumption of vegetables 2.34(1.70-3.23) was highest among the middle-age group while diabetes, aOR of 3.50(2.48-4.95) and meat consumption, 2.40(1.76-3.26) were highest among the elderly age group. Additionally, among the young age group cigarette smoking and cardiac disease were associated with stroke. Furthermore, physical inactivity and salt intake were associated with stroke in the middle-age group while cardiac disease was associated with stroke in the elderly age group. Conclusions: Age has a profound influence on the profile, magnitude and direction of effect sizes of vascular risk factors for stroke occurrence among West Africans. Population-level prevention of stroke must target both co-shared dominant risk factors as well as factors that are unique to specific age bands in Africa.

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