Establishment of primary gastric and gastroesophageal (GE) junction xenografts: A model for characterizing disease heterogeneity.
51 Background: Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease that may be subdivided into distinct subtypes—proximal/gastroesophageal (GE) junction, diffuse/signet ring type, and distal gastric cancers—based on histopathologic and anatomic criteria. Each subtype is associated with unique epidemiology and gene expression. Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) is a validated treatment target in gastric cancer. For patients with metastatic disease, the available cytotoxic agents are applied indiscriminately to all disease subtypes, and with only modest success. The purpose of this study is to establish xenograft models from gastric cancer subtypes to improve our understanding of disease heterogeneity and develop therapies geared for each subtype of gastric cancer. Methods: Fresh specimens obtained from resected primary or metastatic tumors under aseptic conditions. 1 g tumor samples injected SQ into flanks of NOD/SCID mice. Xenografts established after 5 passages and maintained by serial transplantation into new mice. Cell cultures established after 5 in vitro passages; cell lines after 15 passages. Results: To date 26 tumor samples have been implanted from which 8 xenografts have been established. Table below summarizes the results. Cell line established from HER2-positive, trastuzumab refractory tumor resected from brain metastasis. Conclusions: HER2-positive tumors have a favorable xenograft yield. Prior chemo or radiation therapy does not impact engraftment. Standard and experimental therapies are being tested on these xenografts to further validate difference in their biology and guide rational design of clinical trials. [Table: see text]