Dynamic treatment regimen analysis to determine which treatment sequence can prolong survival of NSCLC patients.
e19010^ Background: We often experience the re-challenge of EGFR-TKI on practice. However, it has not been reported which treatment sequence for EGFR-TKI re-challenge will contributes to long-term survival of NSCLC patients. Methods: We extracted information from retrospective cohort of advanced NSCLC patients with the following inclusion criteria: 1) Japanese patients who were diagnosed by October 2010 and treated with gefitinib after July 2002. 2) Performance status (PS) 0-2. 3) PR, CR, or long SD (6 months or more) by gefitinib. 4) Patients who had not received curative surgical operation or radiation therapy. The primary objective was to evaluate the effects of treatment histories on Overall Survival (OS). We also conducted a “Dynamic Treatment Regimen Analysis (DTRA)”. DTRA can be used to compare multiple treatment strategies/sequences in terms of time-to-event data like overall survival time. Results: A total of 335 NSCLC patient details were extracted. Sixty five patients experienced gefitinib re-challenge. There was a statistical difference in OS between gefitinib re-challenge group and non re-challenge group (median OS was 1272 days vs 774 days; p<0.001). We confirmed this result using DTRA, “Gefitnib-Singlet chemo-Gefitinib” treatment sequence extended survival most out of all treatment sequence. Conclusions: This study suggests that gefitinib re-challenge may have significant affects on OS in long survivors after responding gefitinib treatment. Clinical trial information: UMIN000006913. [Table: see text]