Efficacy and safety of localized concurrent chemoradiation therapy and sorafenib sequential therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective phase II trial.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15678-e15678
Author(s):  
Beom Kyung Kim ◽  
Do Young Kim ◽  
Hye Jin Choi ◽  
Seung-Hoon Beom ◽  
Hye Won Lee ◽  
...  

e15678 Background: Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a particularly poor prognosis of the median overall survival of less than 12 months. Even though sorafenib has been approved for treating advanced stage HCC, the unsatisfactory objective response rate still remain unresolved. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of localized concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by sequential sorafenib treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: This study is an ongoing, phase II trial. Patients with advanced HCC not amenable for curative treatments were eligible. In the course of radiotherapy for 5 weeks, hepatic arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (500mg/day) via implanted port was applied during the first 5 days and the last 5 days of radiotherapy. Four weeks after localized CCRT, sorafenib (400mg bid) was maintained. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Results: A total of 47 patients were enrolled. After the completion of localized CCRT, the objective response rate was 31.9%. During the overall treatment course, the objective response rate was 46.8% respectively. Overall, 7 patients (14.9%) underwent curative resection or transplantation after down-staging. The median overall survival was 18.4 months and the progression-free survival was 6.8 months. Adverse events were predictable and manageable with conservative care. Conclusions: Localized CCRT followed by sequential sorafenib treatment in patients with advanced HCC showed significant activity and good tolerability. Furthermore, such a treatment modality, when compared to the use of sorafenib alone, might provide the additional therapeutic benefit through initial tumor reduction, allowing curative treatment after down-staging in 14.9% of patients, Further randomized trial should be required to make the more robust evidence. Clinical trial information: NCT02425605.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Xiao-dong He ◽  
You-cheng Zhang ◽  
Ke-hu Yang ◽  
Jin-hui Tian ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of apatinib combined with S – 1 in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, in order to provide more evidence based medical evidence for the clinic.Methods: Randomized controlled trials of apatinib combined with S – 1 (experimental group) versus S - 1 (controlg roup) in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer were collected by computer literature search in Chinese and English databases, for the deadlines of March 21, 2021. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of the literature using the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool. And the Meta – analysis was performed using Review Manager 5. 3 software almost.Results: A total of 20 articles were included, totaling 1,150 patients. Meta – analysis showed that the objective response rate [OR = 2.02, 95% CI (1.56, 2.63), P < 0.00001], disease control rate [OR = 3.10, 95% CI (2.30, 4.17), P < 0.00001], median overall survival [MD = 3.99, 95% CI (3.56, 4.43), P < 0.00001] of patients with apatinib combined with S – 1 group were higher than the S – 1 group, then the median progression – free survival had not significant differences [MD = 1.24, 95% CI (-1.19, 3.67), P = 0.32]. In the adverse reactions, only the incidence of hypertension [OR = 6.19, 95% CI (1.89, 20.23), P = 0.003] and the incidence of proteinuria [OR = 4.02, 95% CI (1.11, 14.62), P = 0.03] in the apatinib combined with S – 1 group were higher than the S – 1 group, and there was no significant difference in the other adverse reactions. In addition, the levels of IFN – γ and TNF – α in the apatinib combined with S – 1 group were higher than those in the S – 1 group, and the levels of IL - 10, IL – 4, TSGF, CA199 and CEA were lower than those of the S – 1 group.Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that apatinib combined with S - 1 can achieve higher objective response rate, disease control rate, median overall survival, less adverse reactions, and improve immune function, effectively reduce the level of tumor markers.


Author(s):  
Neehar D Parikh ◽  
Alexander Marshall ◽  
Keith A Betts ◽  
Jinlin Song ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
...  

Aims: To compare the efficacy of nivolumab 1 mg/kg + ipilimumab 3 mg/kg with regorafenib 160 mg, cabozantinib 60 mg and nivolumab 3 mg/kg monotherapy for second-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Materials & methods: Indirect comparison using network meta-analysis and propensity score weighting. Results: Nivolumab 1 mg/kg + ipilimumab 3 mg/kg had significantly higher objective response rate (median 31.2% [95% credible interval: 19.6–44.5%]) than cabozantinib (4.2% [2.0–6.5%]) and regorafenib (4.8% [1.1–8.3%]), and significantly longer overall survival (cabozantinib: hazard ratio: 0.46 [95% credible interval: 0.27–0.79]; regorafenib: 0.56 [0.32–0.97]). Nivolumab 1 mg/kg + ipilimumab 3 mg/kg had significantly better objective response rate (difference 21.0% [4.5–37.5%]) and overall survival (hazard ratio: 0.58 [0.35–0.96]) than nivolumab monotherapy. Conclusion: Nivolumab 1 mg/kg + ipilimumab 3 mg/kg had a superior efficacy versus cabozantinib 60 mg, regorafenib 160 mg and nivolumab 3 mg/kg monotherapy as second-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.


Author(s):  
Osman Öcal ◽  
Kerstin Schütte ◽  
Juozas Kupčinskas ◽  
Egidijus Morkunas ◽  
Gabija Jurkeviciute ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose To explore the potential correlation between baseline interleukin (IL) values and overall survival or objective response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving sorafenib. Methods A subset of patients with HCC undergoing sorafenib monotherapy within a prospective multicenter phase II trial (SORAMIC, sorafenib treatment alone vs. combined with Y90 radioembolization) underwent baseline IL-6 and IL-8 assessment before treatment initiation. In this exploratory post hoc analysis, the best cut-off points for baseline IL-6 and IL-8 values predicting overall survival (OS) were evaluated, as well as correlation with the objective response. Results Forty-seven patients (43 male) with a median OS of 13.8 months were analyzed. Cut-off values of 8.58 and 57.9 pg/mL most effectively predicted overall survival for IL-6 and IL-8, respectively. Patients with high IL-6 (HR, 4.1 [1.9–8.9], p < 0.001) and IL-8 (HR, 2.4 [1.2–4.7], p = 0.009) had significantly shorter overall survival than patients with low IL values. Multivariate analysis confirmed IL-6 (HR, 2.99 [1.22–7.3], p = 0.017) and IL-8 (HR, 2.19 [1.02–4.7], p = 0.044) as independent predictors of OS. Baseline IL-6 and IL-8 with respective cut-off values predicted objective response rates according to mRECIST in a subset of 42 patients with follow-up imaging available (IL-6, 46.6% vs. 19.2%, p = 0.007; IL-8, 50.0% vs. 17.4%, p = 0.011). Conclusion IL-6 and IL-8 baseline values predicted outcomes of sorafenib-treated patients in this well-characterized prospective cohort of the SORAMIC trial. We suggest that the respective cut-off values might serve for validation in larger cohorts, potentially offering guidance for improved patient selection.


Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marconato ◽  
Silvia Sabattini ◽  
Giorgia Marisi ◽  
Federica Rossi ◽  
Vito Ferdinando Leone ◽  
...  

Unresectable nodular and diffuse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a poor prognosis with limited treatment options. Systemic traditional chemotherapy has been only rarely reported, with unsatisfactory results. The aim of this prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded, single center clinical trial was to investigate safety profile, objective response rate, time to progression and overall survival of sorafenib in comparison with metronomic chemotherapy (MC) consisting of thalidomide, piroxicam and cyclophosphamide in dogs with advanced, unresectable HCC. Between December 2011 and June 2017, 13 dogs were enrolled: seven received sorafenib, and six were treated with MC. Median time to progression was 363 days (95% CI, 191–535) in dogs treated with sorafenib versus 27 days (95% CI, 0–68) in dogs treated with MC (p = 0.044). Median overall survival was 361 days (95% CI, 0–909) in dogs receiving sorafenib, while 32 days (95% CI, 0–235) in those receiving MC (p = 0.079). Sorafenib seems to be a good candidate for the treatment of dogs with advanced HCC, due to a benefit in disease control and an acceptable safety profile, offering a good basis on which new randomized prospective clinical trials should be undertaken to compare the efficacy and drawback of sorafenib versus MC or traditional chemotherapy.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Erhua Yao ◽  
Jinghong Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Zhao ◽  
Yinyan Zheng ◽  
Xianheng Wu ◽  
...  

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for patients with recurrent or residual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods. Between June 2008 and July 2015, thirty-three patients with HCC were treated by SBRT. There were 63 lesions in 33 patients. A total dose of 39–45 Gy/3–5 fractions was delivered to the 70–80% isodose line. Results. Objective response rate (CR + PR) was 84.8% at 6 months. The overall survival rate was 87.9%, 75.8%, 57.6%, and 45.5% at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively. Median overall survival was 19 months. At 3 months, AFP decreased by more than 75% in 51.5% of patients (17/33). Overall survival was significantly different (P<0.001) between the group of patients for whom AFP decreased more than 75% and the group for whom AFP decreased by less than 75%. The AFP-negative rate was 48.5% (16/33) after 6 months. Eight patients (24.2%) had grade 1-2 transient fatigue, and 11 patients (33.3%) had grade 1-2 gastrointestinal reactions within 1 month. Conclusion. SBRT is a promising noninvasive and palliative treatment with acceptable toxicity for recurrent or residual HCC after TACE.


2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 354-354
Author(s):  
Eiichiro Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Kaneko ◽  
Takuji Okusaka ◽  
Masafumi Ikeda ◽  
Kensei Yamaguchi ◽  
...  

354 Background: Sorafenib has been used as the first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, its efficacy and safety in Japanese patients (pts), especially those with Child-Pugh (CP) B cirrhosis, have not yet been fully examined. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in Japanese pts with HCC and CP B or CP A cirrhosis. Methods: The eligibility criteria were patients 1) with pathologically or clinically proven HCC, 2) with an ECOG performance status 0 to 2, 3) aged 20 to 79 years, 4) with measurable lesions, 5) with adequate hematological, renal and Child Pugh class A or B liver functions. Sorafenib was administered orally at the dose of 400 mg twice daily. Administration was continued until the detection of disease progression or appearance of unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint of the study was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints included objective response, overall survival (OS), and toxicity. Results: Forty CP A pts and 12 CP B pts were enrolled between April 2010 and January 2012. The median PFS in the CP A pts was 3.3 months (M) and that in the CP B pts was 3.2 M. Among the pts with CP A, there was one patient with confirmed complete response (2.5%), 3 pts with partial response (7.5%), and 19 pts (47.5%) with stable disease (SD). Among the pts with CP B, there were no treatment responses, and 8 (66.7%) pts had SD. The median overall survival in the CP A pts was 13.4 M and that in the CP B pts was 7.4 M. With regard to toxicities, fewer CP A pts experienced grade 3/4 toxicities than CP B pts (77.5% vs. 91.6%). The grade 3/4 toxicities in the CP A and B pts, respectively, included thrombocytopenia (10% and 25%), hand foot skin reaction (27.5% and 16.7%), Erythema multiforme (0% and 16.7%), and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (0% and 16.7%). There were no treatment-related deaths in either group of patients. Conclusions: This study shows that sorafenib is effective and well-tolerated in Japanese patients with HCC and Child Pugh class A liver cirrhosis, consistent with previous reports. The outcome was poorer and severe toxicities were more frequent in patients with Child Pugh B cirrhosis than in those with Child Pugh A cirrhosis. Clinical trial information: 000002972.


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. TPS761-TPS761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aly-Khan A. Lalani ◽  
Anand Swaminath ◽  
Gregory Russell Pond ◽  
Anil Kapoor ◽  
William Chu ◽  
...  

TPS761 Background: Randomized data from the interferon era demonstrated modest survival benefits of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). Results from SURTIME and CARMENA, conducted in the VEGF-targeted therapy era, have challenged the routine use of upfront CN especially in IMDC intermediate and poor risk patients. Furthermore, the treatment landscape in aRCC now includes first-line combination immunotherapy. Data from the Checkmate-214 trial showed that intermediate/poor risk patients have improved overall survival and objective response rate with ipilimumab and nivolumab (I/N) compared to sunitinib. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) provides a convenient method for cytoreduction of the primary kidney lesion and may induce an ‘abscopal effect’, leading to enhanced systemic anti-tumour immune response. We hypothesize that SBRT to the primary kidney mass in aRCC patients will enhance the efficacy of I/N compared to standard of care I/N alone. Methods: This phase II trial randomizes untreated aRCC patients in a 2:1 fashion to I/N plus SBRT (30-40 Gy in 5 fractions) to the primary kidney mass between cycles 1 and 2 (experimental arm, E), versus standard of care I/N alone (standard arm, S). Eligible patients have biopsy-proven aRCC (any histology), IMDC intermediate/poor risk disease, and who decline or are unsuitable for CN. Patients with a primary kidney lesion ≥ 20cm, previous abdominal radiation precluding SBRT, or who have a contraindication to I/N are excluded. The primary objective is to compare the efficacy of I/N plus SBRT versus I/N alone, as determined by the hazard ratio for progression free survival (PFS). Secondary objectives include evaluation of safety, overall survival, objective response rate, and health-related quality of life. Exploratory analyses include blood immune signatures and stool microbiome. Up to 78 patients will be enrolled under the assumption of an improved 12-month PFS from 50% (S) to 75% (E), using a two-sided α=0.1, power=80%, and accounting for loss-to-follow-up and stratification using IMDC criteria 1-2 vs 3-6. Clinical trial information: NCT04090710.


Author(s):  
Hong-Ming Tsai ◽  
Meng-Zhi Han ◽  
Yih-Jyh Lin ◽  
Ting-Tsung Chang ◽  
Chiung-Yu Chen ◽  
...  

AbstractProgrammed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors have shown promising results for treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the clinical utility of such inhibitors in HCC patients with vascular tumor thrombosis remains unclear. This study investigated PD-1 inhibitor efficacy in advanced HCC with macrovascular invasion in a clinical setting. Among the 110 patients with unresectable HCC treated with PD-1 inhibitors, 34 patients with vascular metastases in the portal vein and inferior vena cava were retrospectively compared with 34 patients without tumor thrombi. The vascular response and its effect on survival were assessed. Predictors of survival were identified using multivariate analysis. Among patients achieving objective response, those with and without thrombi exhibited similar response to immunotherapy and comparable survival. Among the 34 patients with tumor thrombi, including 13 receiving PD-1 inhibitors alone and 21 receiving it in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the median overall survival was 8.9 months (95% confidence interval 3.2–12.6). The objective response rate of vascular metastasis was 52.9%, and vascular responders had a significantly longer survival than did non-responders (11.1 vs 3.9 months). Failure to obtain a vascular response correlated significantly with increased post-treatment Child–Pugh score or class. Multivariate analysis showed that vascular response was a significant positive factor for longer overall survival. Treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events occurred in 3 (8.8%) of the patients with tumor thrombi. Immunotherapy with PD-1 inhibitors may be a feasible treatment option for HCC with tumor thrombi owing to the high response rate of tumor thrombi and favorable survival outcomes.


2021 ◽  
pp. JCO.21.00124
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Defachelles ◽  
Emilie Bogart ◽  
Michela Casanova ◽  
Johannes H. M. Merks ◽  
Gianni Bisogno ◽  
...  

PURPOSE The VIT-0910 trial was conducted to evaluate efficacy and safety of the vincristine-irinotecan combination with and without temozolomide (VIT and VI, respectively) in relapsed or refractory rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). METHODS In this randomized European phase II trial, patients age 0.5-50 years received 21-day cycles combining vincristine (1.5 mg/m2 once a day on day 1 and day 8) and irinotecan (50 mg/m2 once a day from day 1 to day 5) with and without temozolomide (125 mg/m2 once a day from day 1 to day 5 and 150 mg/m2 once a day from cycle 2), until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was objective response rate after two cycles. Secondary end points included best response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and adverse events. A Simon 2-stage design was initially planned to separately analyze 40 patients/arm. After amendment, the trial sample size was increased to 120 and a comparison between arms, adjusted for confounding factors, was added to the statistical plan (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01355445 ). RESULTS Overall, 120 patients (60 per arm) were recruited in 37 European centers. The median age was 11 years (range, 0.75-45); 89% of patients had a relapsed RMS. The objective response rate was 44% (24 of 55 evaluable patients) for VIT versus 31% (18 of 58) for VI (adjusted odds ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.22 to 1.12; P = .09). The VIT arm achieved significantly better overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.84; P = .006) compared with VI, with consistent progression-free survival results (adj-hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.46 to 1.01; P = .059). Overall, patients experienced adverse events ≥ grade 3 more frequently with VIT than VI (98% v 78%, respectively; P = .009), including a significant excess of hematologic toxicity (81% v 61%; P = .025). CONCLUSION The addition of temozolomide to VI improved chemotherapy efficacy for patients with relapsed RMS, with manageable increase in toxicity. VIT is considered the new standard treatment in these patients in the European paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Group and will be the control arm in the next randomized trial.


2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15709-e15709
Author(s):  
Yuan Qian ◽  
Song Zheng ◽  
Changku Jia

e15709 Background:Pancreatic cancer was the fourth leading cause of death from cancer in the United States in 2015, with a 5-year survival rate only 6%.More than 85% of patients has an unresectable disease at diagnosis for most patients remain asymptomatic. This population including locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) and metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC). Gemcitabine has been the standard treatment option for these patients for more than a decade, with a median overall survival nearly 6 months. In 2011, the phase 3 randomised controlled trial(PRODIGE 4/ACCORD 11) reported that FOLFIRINOX regimen had a significantly improved OS,PFS and a predominant ORR in patients with metastatic disease.FOLFIRINOX, as an encouraging regimen, its actual higher adverse events rate in clinical practice should not be underestimated, especially the grade 3/4 neutropenia and sensory neuropathy. The aim of our study is to explore whether a modified FOLFIRINOX regimen with the decrements of oxaliplatin and irinotecan had maintained efficacy and decreased grade 3/4 adverse events rate for the advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods:Retrospectively collected data of all patients carrying a diagnosis of advanced pancreatic cancer at the department of medical oncology, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital and Hangzhou cancer hospital between January 2014 and September 2016.The endpoint were overall survival, objective response rate and grade 3/ 4 adverse events. Results:Among 21 patients who received median 5(1-12) cycles modified FOLFIRINOX regimen,15 of total patients received this regimen for more than 4 cycles (71.4%). The median overall survival of MPC patients in this study is 12.6 months (95% CI, 6.2 months to 19 months). The objective response rate was 42.9%, with partial remission in 9 cases, stable disease in 8 cases and progression disease in 4 cases. Totally 8 patients had grade 3/4 adverse events, the most frequent were neutropenia (14.3%), neuropathy (14.3%) and diarrhea (9.5%). No chemotherapy-related death occurred. Conclusions:mFOLFIRINOX regimen in this study has maintained efficacy for its high objective response rate and an improved safety profile in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.


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