Antimicrobial properties of leaf extract: polyalthia longifolia var. Pendula under in-vitro conditions

2017 ◽  
pp. 253-270
Author(s):  
Kalpna Rakholiya ◽  
Yogesh Baravalia ◽  
Sumitra Chanda
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia

scholarly journals The PHYTOCHEMICALS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF Senna alata AND Senna tora LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST BACTERIAL STRAINS CAUSING SKIN INFECTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Murni Halim
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Senna Alata

A study was carried out to screen for phytochemical constituents and assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Senna alata and Senna tora leaf extracts. The leaves were first dried at room temperature and 50°C in an oven prior to solvent extraction using ethanol and methanol. The in-vitro qualitative assays showed that both S. alata and S. tora leaf extracts contained bioactive and secondary metabolites components such as tannins, steroids, saponin, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and phenols. The antioxidant activity and capacity test were carried out by conducting free radical of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and Ferric reduction antioxidant plasma (FRAP) assays. Both assays showed S. tora leaf extract has higher antioxidant capacity than S. alata leaf extract. The efficacy of these leaf extracts were tested against skin pathogens through agar well diffusion method. S. alata extract showed an inhibition zone (1.15 – 1.59 mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa while S. tora extracts exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis (inhibition zone of 12 – 16.94 mm) followed by P. aeruginosa (inhibition zone of 1 – 1.59 mm). Nonetheless, no inhibition zone was observed for S. aureus by both leaf extracts. The phytochemicals and antioxidant constituents as well as inhibitory potential on skin pathogens possessed by S. alata and S. tora leave highlighted their potential utilization in the development of natural drugs or cosmetics to treat skin related diseases or infections.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Harungana madagascariensis Lam. ex Poir. (Hypericaceae) against strains causing otitis externa in dogs and cats

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Moulari ◽  
Y. Pellequer ◽  
J. Chaumont ◽  
Y. Guillaume ◽  
J. Millet
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

Otitis externa in dogs and cats is always caused by a combination of yeasts and bacteria, among which the most important are Malassezia pachydermatis, Staphylococcus intermedius and Pseudomonas species. These organisms often develop resistance to classical antimicrobial agents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of an ethyl acetate leaf extract of Harungana madagascariensis against the organisms cited, to carry out the phytochemical investigation of this extract and to determine its bioactive chemical class using dilution techniques, the bioautography method and the standard phytochemical method described by Harborne (1973). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and anthracenic derivatives. The bioassay showed that the antimicrobial properties may be attributed to astilbin, a flavanone derivative identified on the basis of its spectroscopic data. The results suggest that the extract could be used in an antimicrobial preparation effective against the whole range of organisms incriminated in otitis externa in dogs and cats, with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/ml.

scholarly journals In-vitro Anti-Microbial Studies and GC/MS Analysis of the Leaf Extract and Fractions of Polyalthia longifolia (Engl. & Diels) Verde

2019 ◽  
Vol 1299 ◽  
pp. 012087
Author(s):  
Ifedolapo O. Olanrewaju ◽  
Raphael C. Mordi ◽  
Johnbull O. Echeme ◽  
Oladotun P. Bolade ◽  
Musa Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF Ageratum LEAF EXTRACT ON POSTHARVEST ROT CAUSED BY Aspergillus niger AND Colletotrichum sp. ON CHILLI FRUITS

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (3B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Thanh Toan ◽  
Nguyen Thi My Linh ◽  
Do Van Bao
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
In Vivo Efficacy ◽  
Postharvest Rot ◽  
Chilli Fruit

Abstract: The damage of chilli, an important spice fruit, comes from fungal diseases caused mainly by Aspergillus niger and Colletotrichum sp. The fungi on chilli fruits would directly harm consumers’ health. Plant extracts containing bio-active compounds with antimicrobial properties could be a good possible solution to deal with the fungi. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of aqueous extracts from the leaves of Ageratum plants against A. niger and Colletotrichum sp. The results show that the optimal efficacy of the treatment of Ageratum leaf extract is at a concentration of 6%, with the efficacy of Ageratum leaf extract on colonial diameter at approximately 43–44% for the two fungi at 96 hours after inoculation. The 6% Ageratum leaf extract has a high efficacy (~54.23%) on limiting the development of Aspergillus rot lesions on chilli fruits 4 days after inoculation. Meanwhile, the efficacy of the extract on Colletotrichum lesions is 11.34%, lower than that of Aspergillus rot.Keywords: Ageratum leaf extract, chilli fruit, rot lesion

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activities of the Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Ocimum basilicum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Japheth Wambani Rapando ◽  
Mathew Piero Ngugi ◽  
Margaret Muturi ◽  
James Opiyo Ogutu
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

Abstract IntroductionAntibiotic resistance is a serious threat to humankind. There is need for the development of new therapeutic options. Ocimum basilicum has been used traditionally as a medicinal herb against infectious diseases and as a food additive. ObjectiveThis study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activities of the ethyl acetate leaf extract of Ocimum basilicum. MethodsOcimum basilicum leaves were collected from Mbeere, Embu County, Kenya and ethyl acetate extraction done at Kenyatta University. Phytochemical composition was evaluated by Gas chromatograph mass spectrophotometry while antibacterial activities were evaluated by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The test microorganisms were methicillin resistant S. aureus, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. ResultsThe extract exhibited a broad spectrum antibacterial activity. The gram negative bacteria showed more susceptibility to the organic extract compared to the gram positive bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest zone of inhibition (27.00 ± 2.00 mm), while the S. aureus isolate had the lowest zone of inhibition (24.00 ± 1.00 mm). Escherichia coli, S. aureus and MRSA species had an MIC of 62.5 mg/ml compared to P. aeruginosa with an MIC of 125mg/ml when exposed to the leaf extract. The antibacterial activity could be attributed to the synergistic effects of phytochemicals such as terpenoids, alkaloids, essential oils, fatty acids, flavonoids and aldehydes that have been known to have antimicrobial properties. A total of 30 phytochemical compounds were eluted from the extract of O. basilicum. Nootkatone, a sesquiterpenoid had the highest concentration at 20.86mg/g. The compound 1,3-Dimethyl-5-isobutylcyclohexane, a fatty acid had the lowest concentration at 0.10mg/g. ConclusionO. basilicum has antibacterial activities on the tested pathogens and can be used to treat infections. Phytochemicals with antibacterial effects in the herb can be used as lead molecules in developing new antibacterial drugs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pterospermum suberifolium L. Willd Leaves for the Phytochemical Constituents and their in vitro Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-553
Author(s):  
Baskar Mohan ◽  
Vadamalai Krishnan K ◽  
Muthuraman K
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

The present study was intended to investigate the phytochemical constituents present in the leaves of Pterospermum suberifolium L. WILLD and the in vitro  antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the various extracts prepared by different solvents including aqueous, methanol, ethyl acetate and hexane. The crude extracts were screened for the presence of various phytochemical constituents and the presence of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids were ascertained. The quantitative estimation of phenols and flavonoids were determined. The antioxidant activities of the plant leaf extracts were determined by the DPPH assay, the Phosphomolybdenum assay and the Nitric oxide scavenging assay. It was found that methanolic leaf extract of P. suberifolium possessed high antioxidant activity and found to have potential phytochemical constituents. 

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

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