Design-Based Stereology in Brain Aging Research

Brain Aging ◽  
2007 ◽  
pp. 63-96
Author(s):  
Christoph Schmitz ◽  
Patrick R. Hof
Keyword(s):  
Brain Aging ◽  
Aging Research

Brain aging research

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
David R Riddle ◽  
Matthew K Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Brain Aging ◽  
Aging Research

scholarly journals Pre-Analytical and Within-Person Reproducibility of Nutritional Metabolomics over 2 Years in Elders at Risk for Dementia (P18-121-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene Bowman ◽  
Natalia Gouskova ◽  
Hiroko Dodge ◽  
Juliana Donohue ◽  
Aline Bichsel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Nutritional Metabolomics ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives Nutritional metabolomics to objectively assess dietary intake in aging permit the opportunity to circumvent measurement errors that accompany subjective means of dietary assessment. At the same time, they may offer insights into mechanisms of action and metabolic disturbances that are actionable targets for modulation through diet in hopes of disease prevention and treatment. However, prior to more broad deployment the pre-analytical and temporal variation over time should be documented in order to design and interpret epidemiological studies properly. We quantified and examined 155 nutrient biomarkers and metabolites selected for their potential relevance to dementia. Methods Blood samples from three time points, spanning a 2-year period, were obtained from older adults participating in the NIA-Layton Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Center's Nutrition and Brain Aging Study (NBAS). Blood samples were batched randomly across three time points for quantification of blood amino acids, minerals, water and fat-soluble micronutrients, lipids, one carbon, and kynurenine pathway metabolites using a variety of methods including, tandem mass spectrometry. Pre-analytical coefficients of variation (CV) were calculated for all the biomarkers and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to evaluate the within-person reproducibility in a subset of 137 participants. Results The mean baseline age of the analytic sample (n = 137) was 85.6 (± 8.3, 57 - 101 years), 70% are female, 21% carry the ApoEe4 allele and MMSE was 28.3 (± 1.78). The pre-analytical CVs ranged from 0.9% to 55.0% and the ICC ranged from 0 to 0.87 (25%-tile/median/75%-tile 0.41/0.54/0.66). Twenty four % had ICC < 0.40, 66% had ICC 0.40 −0.75 and 10% had ICC > 0.75. Conclusions The pre-analytical and within-person reproducibility of nutritional metabolomics in aging ranges widely. The majority can reliably estimate average concentrations over a 2 year period from a single time point and the biomarkers with ICC's above 0.40 can be used for correction of measurement error and those below 0.40 should consider multiple samples per subject and exploring the methodological and biological explanation for the variation over time. Funding Sources Nestle Institute of Health Sciences, Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, NIA-Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Center (P30AGO8017).

scholarly journals Brain aging research at the close of the 20th century: from bench to bedside

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-180
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Biological Substrate ◽  
Dementing Illness ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Behavior

Remarkable and continued growth in the field of brain aging research has been fueled by a confluence of factors. Developments in molecular biology, imaging, and genetics coupled with the imperative caused by the aging of the population has created fertile ground for improved understanding of the interaction between brain function and behavior. Aging changes in neurochemical systems may account for the spectrum of cognitive and behavioral states of successfully aged pen sons, but may also contribute to enhanced vulnerability to depressive or dementing illness. In particular, the refinement of in vivo imaging approaches to investigating the structure and function of the aging brain has provided the opportunity to strengthen our knowledge of the biological substrate of the aging brain and neuropsychiatrie disorders, and translate these into therapeutics.

scholarly journals Activities of NEW Brain Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
Yeates Conwell
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Stress Regulation ◽  
Impact Risk ◽  
Funding Opportunities ◽  
Structure And Functions

Abstract The Network for Emotional Well-being and Brain Aging (NEW Brain Aging) was funded by NIA with the goal of forming a national, transdisciplinary collaborative that includes investigators with research expertise in emotional well-being (EWB), Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), human and animal neuroimaging, stress regulation, and computational/quantitative methods. Our objective is to stimulate mechanistic research identifying and testing mechanisms by which brain aging influences EWB and how EWB may impact risk for and progression of ADRD. This presentation will explain the structure and functions of the network that serve as a resource for investigators interested in EWB and aging research, and how to access them: a transdisciplinary community of scholars interested in brain, aging, and EWB research from both human and animal fields; webinars; workgroups to establish priorities for NEW Brain Aging activities; a resource repository; and pilot project funding opportunities to which network members can apply.

scholarly journals Analysis of Funded Projects by National Institutes of Health in the Field of Aging from 2008 to 2017 (P01-006-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongqiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Research Management ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Research Hotspots

Abstract Objectives To provide the current basic research direction for scientific researchers in the aging and related field, and also provide objective basis and reference for the research management and policy formulation Methods R01 projects in the field of aging funded by NIA and NIDDK was selected from 2008 to 2017. The research methods of scientometric and expert consultation were used to analyze the trends, intensity, research hotspots and future in the field of aging. Results From 2008 to 2017, NIA funded 2898 R01 projects with a total amount of US$4.373 billion in the field of aging, and the projects of brain aging were the most funded by NIA. NIDDK funded 5605 R01 projects with a total amount of US$8.054 billion in the field of aging, and the projects of liver, endocrine, metabolic were the most funded by NIDDK. Alzheimer's disease has always been the research hotspot in the field of brain aging, and the research was focused on brain neuroplasticity and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Diabetes and obesity have been the research hotspots in the field of liver, endocrine, and metabolic. In recent years, there have been more types of diseases in the related fields. Moreover, the fields of cardiovascular, lung and kidney were also analyzed. Conclusions Aging research is a multi-scientific field. New technologies and new methods are being applied in the field of aging, and there will be developed towards a more systematic and precise direction in the future. Funding Sources National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Science.

scholarly journals INTEREST GROUP SESSION—EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AGING: BIOSOCIAL RESEARCH ON BRAIN AGING AND BIOLOGICAL AGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S348-S348
Author(s):  
Daniel W Belsky
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
System Integrity ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Our aging global population presents a new set of challenges for public health. Individual-disease focused models are becoming outmoded as geriatricians recognize multimorbidity and frailty as the central challenges in preserving health for older adults. Evidence from research into the biology of aging suggests that a set of common cellular-level processes underpin decline in system integrity that induces vulnerability to disease across multiple organ systems, including the brain. In parallel, research in life-course gerontology indicates that the roots of aging-related decline in system integrity extend from early life and encompass histories of social, psychological, and biochemical exposures. The research presented in this symposium aims to integrate these emerging paradigms in aging research by mapping connections among measures of aging in the brain and body and social, psychological, and nutrition exposures. Our symposium focuses on (1) links between social-psychological determinants of health and biological aging in the brain and body; and (2) social and behavioral protective factors that may buffer emerging biological risk in aging. The overarching goal of this symposium is to introduce an approach to gerontology that integrates geroscience with life-course social and psychiatric epidemiology to advance understanding of cognitive aging and functional decline, and ultimately identify novel interventions to extend healthy lifespan.

scholarly journals Age affects procedural paired-associates learning in the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Mouse Lemur ◽  
Microcebus Murinus ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Paired Associates ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Grey Mouse Lemur

AbstractThe ability to associate memorized objects with their location in space gradually declines during normal aging and can drastically be affected by neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigates object-location paired-associates learning (PAL) in the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), a nonhuman primate model of brain aging. Touchscreen-based testing of 6 young adults (1–5 years) and 6 old adults (> 7 years) in the procedural rodent dPAL-task revealed significant age-related performance decline, evident in group differences in the percentage of correct decision during learning and the number of sessions needed to reach a predefined criterion. Response pattern analyses suggest decreased susceptibility to relative stimulus-position biases in young animals, facilitating PAL. Additional data from a subset of “overtrained” individuals (n = 7) and challenge sessions using a modified protocol (sPAL) further suggest that learning criteria routinely used in animal studies on PAL can underestimate the endpoint at which a stable performance is reached and that more conservative criteria are needed to improve construct validity of the task. To conclude, this is the first report of an age effect on dPAL and corroborates the role of mouse lemurs as valuable natural nonhuman primate models in aging research.

scholarly journals CDKN2A Gene Expression as a Potential Aging Biomarker in Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sára Sándor ◽  
Kitti Tátrai ◽  
Kálmán Czeibert ◽  
Balázs Egyed ◽  
Enikő Kubinyi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Temporal Muscle ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Brain

Describing evolutionary conserved physiological or molecular patterns, which can reliably mark the age of both model organisms and humans or predict the onset of age-related pathologies has become a priority in aging research. The age-related gene-expression changes of the Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) gene have been well-documented in humans and rodents. However, data is lacking from other relevant species, including dogs. Therefore, we quantified the CDKN2A mRNA abundance in dogs of different ages, in four tissue types: the frontal cortex of the brain, temporal muscle, skin, and blood. We found a significant, positive correlation between CDKN2A relative expression values and age in the brain, muscle, and blood; however, no correlation was detected in the skin. The strongest correlation was detected in the brain tissue (CDKN2A/GAPDH: r = 0.757, p &lt; 0.001), similarly to human findings, while the muscle and blood showed weaker, but significant correlation. Our results suggest that CDKN2A might be a potential blood-borne biomarker of aging in dogs, although the validation and optimization will require further, more focused research. Our current results also clearly demonstrate that the role of CDKN2A in aging is conserved in dogs, regarding both tissue specificity and a pivotal role of CDKN2A in brain aging.

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