3Chapter Optical Materials Science for Green Nanotechnology: The Basics

The 1989 Spring Meeting of the Materials Research Society will be held at the Town and County Hotel in San Diego, with events spanning April 22-29. Meeting Chairs Robin Farrow, Dick Siegel and Angelica Stacy have developed a program of 16 technical symposia that reflect the continuing key role of materials science in the development of both mature and emerging technologies.Several new topics will reflect emerging areas, including materials for optical storage of information (Symposium F), ultrathin magnetic films (Symposium G), and materials problems of infrastructure (Symposium P). A special workshop will provide a technology update on diamond films (Symposium P) and will feature a joint session with Symposium H, Optical Materials: Processing and Science.Plenary speaker Linus Pauling, research professor at the Linus Pauling Institute of Science and Medicine, will discuss quasicrystals, materials whose atomic structure displays perfect five-fold symmetry, but whose atomic pattern is never exactly repeated as it would be in conventional crystals. During the Plenary Session MRS will also recognize graduate students who have made outstanding contributions as authors or co-authors of papers presented at the 1989 Spring Meeting.

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Twisted Materials: A New Twist for Materials Science: The Formation of Chiral Structures Using the Angular Momentum of Light (Advanced Optical Materials 14/2019)

Advanced Optical Materials ◽

10.1002/adom.201970052 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (14) ◽

pp. 1970052 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Takashige Omatsu ◽

Katsuhiko Miyamoto ◽

Kohei Toyoda ◽

Ryuji Morita ◽

Yoshihiko Arita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Angular Momentum ◽

Optical Materials ◽

Materials Science ◽

Chiral Structures

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Синтез, структура и люминесцентные свойства нового двойного бората K3Eu3B4O12

Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases ◽

10.17308/kcmf.2020.22/2823 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 219-224

Author(s):

Евгений Викторович Ковтунец ◽

Алексей Карпович Субанаков ◽

Баир Гармаевич Базаров

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Optical Materials ◽

Materials Science ◽

Second Harmonic ◽

Spectroscopic Properties ◽

Chemical Society ◽

Materials Chemistry ◽

Analysis Software ◽

Host Matrix ◽

Red Phosphor

Установлено образование нового двойного бората K3Eu3B4O12. По данным уточнения кристаллической структуры методом Ритвельда соединение, кристаллизуется в моноклинной сингонии с параметрами элементарной ячейки a = 10.6727(7) Å, b = 8.9086(6) Å, c = 13.9684(9) Å, b = 110.388(2) ° (пр. гр. P2/c). Структура K3Eu3B4O12 представляет собой ажурные слои [Eu8(BO3)8]∞, расположенные почти параллельно плоскости ab, образованные пятиугольными бипирамидами EuO7, октаэдрами EuO6 и присоединенными к ним через общие вершины треугольниками BO3. Связьмежду соседними слоями осуществляется посредством пятиугольных бипирамид EuO7, треугольников BO3 и катионов калия. В спектре люминесценции наблюдается доминирование заметной полосы на длине волны 611 нм, обусловленной переходом 5D0→7F2 иона Eu3+. ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Xie Z., Mutailipu M., He G., Han G., Wang Y., Yang Z., Zhang M., Pan S. A series of rare-earth boratesK7MRE2B15O30 (M = Zn, Cd, Pb; RE = Sc, Y, Gd, Lu) with large second harmonic generation responses. Chemistry of Materials. 2018;30 (7): 2414–2423. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b004912. Mutailipu M., Xie Z., Su X., Zhang M., Wang Y., Yang Z., Janjua M. R. S. A., Pan S. Chemical cosubstitution-oriented design of rare-earth borates as potential ultraviolet nonlinear optical materials. Journal of theAmerican Chemical Society. 2017;139(50): 18397–18405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b112633. Atuchin V. V., Subanakov A. K., Aleksandrovsky A. S., Bazarov B. G., Bazarova J. G., DorzhievaS. G., Gavrilova T. A., Krylov A. S., Molokeev M. S., Oreshonkov A. S., Pugachev A. M., Tushinova Yu. L.,Yelisseyev A. P. Exploration of structural, thermal, vibrational and spectroscopic properties of new noncentrosymmetric double borate Rb3NdB6O12. Advanced Powder Technology. 2017;28(5): 1309–1315. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2017.02.0194. Atuchin V. V., Subanakov A. K., Aleksandrovsky A. S., Bazarov B. G., Bazarova J. G., GavrilovaT. A., Krylov A. S., Molokeev M. S., Oreshonkov A. S., Stefanovich S. Yu. Structural and spectroscopic propertiesof new noncentrosymmetric selfactivated borate Rb3EuB6O12 with B5O10 units. Materials & Design.2018;140: 488–494. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.12.0045. Subanakov A. K., Kovtunets E. V., Bazarov B. G., Dorzhieva S. G., Bazarova J. G. New double holmiumborates: Rb3HoB6O12 and Rb3Ho2B3O9. Solid State Sciences. 2020;105: 106231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2020.1062316. Zhao J., Zhao D., Liu B.-Z., Xue Y.-L., Fan Y.-P., Zhang S.-R., Zong Q. K3Gd3B4O12: a new member ofrare-earth orthoborate for luminescent host matrix. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics.2018;29(24): 20808–20819. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-0223-67. Bruker AXS TOPAS V4: General profi le and structure analysis software for powder diffraction data. User’sManual. Bruker AXS, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2008. 68 p. 8. Järvinen M. Application of symmetrized harmonics expansion to correction of the preferred orientationeffect. Journal of Applied Crystallography. 1993;26(4): 525–531. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S00218898930012199. Tanner P. A. Some misconceptions concerning the electronic spectra of tri-positive europium andcerium. Chemical Society Reviews. 2013;12: 5090 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cs60033e10. Zhao D., Ma F.-X., Wu Z.-Q., Zhang L., Wei W., Yang J., Zhang R.-H., Chen P.-F., Wu S.-X. Synthesis,crystal structure and characterizations of a new red phosphor K3EuB6O12. Materials Chemistry and Physics.2016;182: 231–236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2016.07.027

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A survey of new electron-optical materials characterisation techniques

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100175089 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 390-391

Author(s):

J.C.H. Spence

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Solid State ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

Optical Materials ◽

Materials Science ◽

Planar Defects ◽

Data Aquisition ◽

Electron Microscopes ◽

Characterisation Techniques ◽

Solid State System

It is rare that the detection of a new signal from a solid-state system does not in time prove useful for materials characterisation. At the same time, the increasing number of detectors fitted to modem electron microscopes, their improved probe-forming capabilities and vacuum performance and the trend toward full digital control and data aquisition, together with the use of more self-explanatory human interfaces in software has greatly increased the number of useful signals and their combinations, making the modem electron microscope an extraordinarily powerful and versatile instrument for materials characterisation. We list below some of the more promising new ways in which the signals available from modem TEM/STEM and SEM instruments may be used in materials science.1. Backscattered channelling imaging. By detecting elastically back-scattered electrons using an energy filter, striking diffraction contrast images of line and planar defects may be obtained from bulk samples. A field-emission SEM instrument is required for this work, operating at about 50 kV.The spatial resolution achieved is about 10 nm, the images come from a depth of less than about 100 nm, and atomically clean surfaces are not required.

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Mesoscale Engineering of Nanocomposite Nonlinear Optical Materials

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-504-327 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 504 ◽

Author(s):

R. F. Haglund ◽

C. N. Afonso ◽

L. C. Feldman ◽

F. Gonella ◽

G. Luepke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantum Dot ◽

Ion Implantation ◽

Optical Materials ◽

Nonlinear Optical ◽

Materials Science ◽

Photonic Devices ◽

Nonlinear Optical Materials ◽

Third Order ◽

Device Structures ◽

Alloy Quantum Dots

ABSTRACTComplex nonlinear optical materials comprising elemental, compound or alloy quantum dots embedded in appropriate dielectric or semiconducting hosts may be suitable for deployment in photonic devices. Ion implantation, ion exchange followed by ion implantation, and pulsed laser deposition have all been used to synthesize these materials. However, the correlation between the parameters of energetic-beam synthesis and the nonlinear optical properties is still very rudimentary when one starts to ask what is happening at nanoscale dimensions. Systems integration of corplex nonlinear optical materials requires that the mesoscale materials science be well understood within the context of device structures. We discuss the effects of beam energy and energy density on quantum-dot size and spatial distribution, thermal conductivity, quantum-dot composition, crystallinity and defects — and, in turn, on the third-order optical susceptibility of the composite material. Examples from recent work in our laboratories are used to illustrate these effects.

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N-Heterocyclic Carbene Adducts of Alkynyl Functionalized 1,3,2-Dithioborolanes

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24091690 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (9) ◽

pp. 1690 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard Böser ◽

Lars Denker ◽

René Frank

Keyword(s):

Boron Atom ◽

Good Yield ◽

Optical Materials ◽

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

Materials Science ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Boron Compounds ◽

Boronate Esters ◽

Chelate Effect ◽

Post Functionalization

Alkynyl functionalized boron compounds are versatile intermediates in the areas of medicinal chemistry, materials science, and optical materials. In particular, alkynyl boronate esters [R1−C≡C−B(OR2)2] are of interest since they provide reactivity at both the alkyne entity, with retention of the B−C bond or alkyne transfer to electrophilic substrates with scission of the latter. The boron atom is commonly well stabilized due to (i) the extraordinary strength of two B−O bonds, and (ii) the chelate effect exerted by a bifunctional alcohol. We reasoned that the replacement of a B−O for a B−S bond would lead to higher reactivity and post-functionalization in the resulting alkynyl boronate thioesters [R1−C≡C−B(S2X)]. Access to this poorly investigated class of compounds starts form chloro dithioborolane cyclo-Cl−B(S2C2H4) as a representative example. Whereas syntheses of three coordinate alkynyl boronate thioesters [R1−C≡C−B(S2X)] proved to be ineffective, the reactions of NHC-adducts (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) of cyclo-Cl-B(S2C2H4) afforded the alkyne substituted thioboronate esters in good yield. The products NHC−B(S2C2H4)(C≡C-R1) are remarkably stable towards water and air, which suggests their use as boron-based building blocks for applications akin to oxygen-based boronate esters.

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Trends in Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100078675 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 228-229

Author(s):

C. Colliex ◽

P. Trebbia

Keyword(s):

Energy Loss ◽

Electron Energy ◽

Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽

Materials Science ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Quantitative Results ◽

Electron Microscopes ◽

Electron Energy Loss ◽

Primary Electrons

The physical foundations for the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy towards analytical purposes, seem now rather well established and have been extensively discussed through recent publications. In this brief review we intend only to mention most recent developments in this field, which became available to our knowledge. We derive also some lines of discussion to define more clearly the limits of this analytical technique in materials science problems.The spectral information carried in both low ( 0<ΔE<100eV ) and high ( >100eV ) energy regions of the loss spectrum, is capable to provide quantitative results. Spectrometers have therefore been designed to work with all kinds of electron microscopes and to cover large energy ranges for the detection of inelastically scattered electrons (for instance the L-edge of molybdenum at 2500eV has been measured by van Zuylen with primary electrons of 80 kV). It is rather easy to fix a post-specimen magnetic optics on a STEM, but Crewe has recently underlined that great care should be devoted to optimize the collecting power and the energy resolution of the whole system.

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Electron holography in materials science

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100087665 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 670-671

Author(s):

Hannes Lichte ◽

Edgar Voelkl

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Materials Science ◽

Fourier Spectrum ◽

Object Wave ◽

Electron Holography ◽

Reconstruction Procedure ◽

Numerical Reconstruction ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Unique Interpretation

The object wave o(x,y) = a(x,y)exp(iφ(x,y)) at the exit face of the specimen is described by two real functions, i.e. amplitude a(x,y) and phase φ(x,y). In stead of o(x,y), however, in conventional transmission electron microscopy one records only the real intensity I(x,y) of the image wave b(x,y) loosing the image phase. In addition, referred to the object wave, b(x,y) is heavily distorted by the aberrations of the microscope giving rise to loss of resolution. Dealing with strong objects, a unique interpretation of the micrograph in terms of amplitude and phase of the object is not possible. According to Gabor, holography helps in that it records the image wave completely by both amplitude and phase. Subsequently, by means of a numerical reconstruction procedure, b(x,y) is deconvoluted from aberrations to retrieve o(x,y). Likewise, the Fourier spectrum of the object wave is at hand. Without the restrictions sketched above, the investigation of the object can be performed by different reconstruction procedures on one hologram. The holograms were taken by means of a Philips EM420-FEG with an electron biprism at 100 kV.

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Zero-loss omega-filtered REM and RHEED on the new Zeiss 912

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100087392 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 616-617

Author(s):

J.C.H. Spence ◽

J. Mayer

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Materials Science ◽

Surface States ◽

Ccd Camera ◽

Dark Field ◽

Ion Pump ◽

Magnetic Imaging ◽

Reflection Electron Microscopy ◽

Diffraction Patterns ◽

Large Background

The Zeiss 912 is a new fully digital, side-entry, 120 Kv TEM/STEM instrument for materials science, fitted with an omega magnetic imaging energy filter. Pumping is by turbopump and ion pump. The magnetic imaging filter allows energy-filtered images or diffraction patterns to be recorded without scanning using efficient parallel (area) detection. The energy loss intensity distribution may also be displayed on the screen, and recorded by scanning it over the PMT supplied. If a CCD camera is fitted and suitable new software developed, “parallel ELS” recording results. For large fields of view, filtered images can be recorded much more efficiently than by Scanning Reflection Electron Microscopy, and the large background of inelastic scattering removed. We have therefore evaluated the 912 for REM and RHEED applications. Causes of streaking and resonance in RHEED patterns are being studied, and a more quantitative analysis of CBRED patterns may be possible. Dark field band-gap REM imaging of surface states may also be possible.

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