The Effect of Inquiry on the Exner Comprehensive System

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Ritzler ◽  
Darlene Nalesnik
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Exner Comprehensive System

Effects of Learned Helplessness on Rorschach Responses

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1011-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Rozensky ◽  
Steven M. Tovian ◽  
Paul G. Stiles ◽  
Kim Fridkin ◽  
Meg Holland
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Experience ◽  
Reactive Depression ◽  
Exner Comprehensive System ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship

The present study investigated the relationship between the laboratory experience of learned helplessness and depressive responses on the Rorschach. 50 undergraduate students were randomly assigned to either a learned-helplessness or nonlearned-helplessness condition. After completion of the experimental conditions, subjects were administered Rorschachs which were scored utilizing the Exner Comprehensive System. Student's t tests indicated significantly higher scores on the sum of all responses involving the use of shading and achromatic features (right-side eb) for the learned-helplessness subjects. According to Rorschach theory, these results suggest that subjects in a learned-helplessness condition experience a more painful affective state and tend to withdraw from their environment more than subjects experiencing a nonlearned-helplessness condition. This can be seen as a defense against experiencing more stress. These conclusions are discussed in the context of learned helplessness and reactive depression.

The Status of Exner's Comprehensive System in Contemporary Research

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1341-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Piotrowski
Keyword(s):  
Citation Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Exner's Comprehensive System ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
The Status ◽  
Exner Comprehensive System

Is the Exner Comprehensive System the most frequently used method or approach to Rorschach analysis? In addition to the existing literature on assessment practices, the results of a citation analysis of the PsycLIT database confirms that the Exner system is the most widely used method in research.

A Rorschach Analysis of Violent Murderers and Nonviolent Offenders

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Coram
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Emotional Modulation ◽  
Perceptual Accuracy ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
Cognitive Mediation ◽  
Nonviolent Offenders ◽  
Exner Comprehensive System ◽  
Level Of Significance

The study was designed to compare the Rorschach protocols of violent murderers with nonviolent offenders. A total of 46 convicted male felons, that is, 23 violent murderers and 23 nonviolent offenders with a mean age of 34.43 and 32.48, respectively, participated in the study. Each subject was administered a Rorschach utilizing the Exner Comprehensive System for administration, scoring, and interpretation. The two groups differed at a .01 level of significance on 7 of the 22 variables that were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance. The violent murderers had a greater distortion of perceptual accuracy and cognitive mediation. In addition, they demonstrated a higher potential for impulsivity and vulnerability to stress. Both groups had a high frequency of ambitents, T-less protocols, and difficulty with emotional modulation. Although these findings should be viewed as tentative, they provide some initial information on the differences between the groups. Further study will be needed to replicate and extend the results.

Coding and Interpreting Movement on the Rorschach

Assessment ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Holaday
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Survey Form ◽  
Exner Comprehensive System ◽  
Dictionary Definitions

A survey was conducted to help beginning Rorschach students using the Exner Comprehensive System determine whether to code movement for nouns whose dictionary definitions included movement. A survey form listed 23 of these words, each followed by three options: Active?, Passive?, and No Movement? Results were disappointing because the participants (26 Rorschach experts and 19 students) failed to reach agreement (75% or more) for 15 of these “synopsis nouns.” A literature review on coding and interpreting movement responses led to the conclusion that a client efficiently using synopsis nouns most likely displays a higher cognitive functioning or life complexity than a client who uses several simple words to describe the same percept. Therefore, many of these words should be coded as movement if the examiner is convinced that the client intends to communicate movement. Guidelines supporting a decision to code a noun for movement are suggested.

The Effect of Inquiry on the Exner Comprehensive System

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Ritzler ◽  
Darlene Nalesnik
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Exner Comprehensive System

Selflessness in Anorexia Nervosa as Reflected in the Rorschach Comprehensive System

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gili Curiel-Levy ◽  
Laura Canetti ◽  
Esti Galili-Weisstub ◽  
Myrna Milun ◽  
Eitan Gur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Multivariate Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Rorschach Comprehensive System ◽  
Group A

This study examines the expression of selflessness – the tendency to ignore one’s own needs and serve others’ needs – in Rorschach protocols of women suffering from anorexia nervosa. The protocols of 35 women suffering from anorexia nervosa were compared to 30 protocols of a psychiatric comparison group. A multivariate analysis of variance over five variables (AG, PER, PHR, COP, and GHR) was significant: Anorexic patients showed higher characteristics of selflessness compared to the psychiatric comparison group. These findings contribute to the validation of the Rorschach technique and to the clinical observation of selflessness in anorexic patients, and they emphasize specific characteristics in the treatment of anorexia nervosa patients.

The Relationship Between Texture Responses on the Rorschach and Adult Attachment

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Iwasa ◽  
Toshiki Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Japanese Population ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Attachment Avoidance ◽  
Sensitive Measure ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the relationship between texture responses (T) on the Rorschach and adult attachment in the Japanese population. 47 Japanese undergraduate and graduate students (mean age = 20.16, SD = 1.87) completed a self-report adult attachment scale as well as the Rorschach. An ANOVA revealed that T = 1 participants were attached more securely than were other groups. T > 1 participants were more preoccupied with attachment and scored higher on an attachment anxiety scale than the T = 1 group. Although these results were consistent with the interpretation of the texture response according to the Comprehensive System (CS), the results obtained for T = 0 participants were inconsistent with hypotheses derived from the CS. T = 0 participants were high on preoccupied and attachment anxiety scores, although they were theoretically expected to be high on dismissing or attachment avoidance. These results indicated that – at least in Japan – T should be regarded as a sensitive measure of attachment anxiety.

Psychometric Definition of Rorschach Determinant Component Structure

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond M. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Lower Order ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Exner's Comprehensive System ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Definition Of

This is an empirical examination of Experienced Stimulation (es) and Experience Actual (EA) from Exner's Comprehensive System (CS) for Rorschach's Test, spurred by Kleiger's theoretical critique. Principal components analysis, Cronbach's α, and inter-item correlational analyses were used to test whether 13 determinants used to code Rorschach responses (M, FM, m, CF+C, YF+Y, C'F+C', TF+T, VF+V, FC, FC', FV, FY, FT) are best represented as a one, two, or more-dimensional construct. The 13 determinants appear to reflect three dimensions, a “lower order” sensori-motor dimension (m + CF+C + YF+Y + C'F+C' + TF+T + VF+V) with a suggested label of Modified Experienced Stimulation (MES), a “higher order” sensori-motor dimension (FM + FV + FY + FT) with a suggested label of Modified Experience Potential (MEP), and a third sensori-motor dimension (M+FC+FC') for which the label of Modified Experience Actual (MEA) is suggested. These findings are consistent with Kleiger's arguments and could lead to a refinement of CS constructs by aggregating determinants along lines more theoretically congruous and more internally consistent. A RAMONA model with parameters specified was presented for replication attempts which use confirmatory factor analytic techniques.

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