scholarly journals Reduced Ghrelin Secretion in the Hypothalamus of Rats due to Cisplatin-Induced Anorexia

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (8) ◽  
pp. 3773-3782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Yakabi ◽  
Chiharu Sadakane ◽  
Masamichi Noguchi ◽  
Shino Ohno ◽  
Shoki Ro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Serotonin 2C Receptor ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Ghrelin Secretion ◽  
Fasted Rats

Although chemotherapy with cisplatin is a widely used and effective cancer treatment, the undesirable gastrointestinal side effects associated with it, such as nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, markedly decrease patients’ quality of life. To elucidate the mechanism underlying chemotherapy-induced anorexia, focusing on the hypothalamic ghrelin secretion-anorexia association, we measured hypothalamic ghrelin secretion in fasted and cisplatin-treated rats. Hypothalamic ghrelin secretion changes after vagotomy or administration of cisplatin. Cisplatin + rikkunshito, a serotonin 2C receptor antagonist or serotonin 3 receptor antagonist, was investigated. The effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of ghrelin or the serotonin 2C receptor antagonist SB242084 on food intake were also evaluated in cisplatin-treated rats. Hypothalamic ghrelin secretion significantly increased in 24-h-fasted rats compared to freely fed rats and was markedly reduced 24 and 48 h after cisplatin treatment in cisplatin-treated rats compared to saline-treated rats, although their plasma ghrelin levels were comparable. In cisplatin-treated rats, icv ghrelin administration reversed the decrease in food intake, vagotomy partially restored hypothalamic ghrelin secretion, and hypothalamic serotonin 2C receptor mRNA expression increased significantly. Administration of rikkunshito (an endogenous ghrelin enhancer) or a serotonin 2C receptor antagonist reversed the decrease in hypothalamic ghrelin secretion and food intake 24 h after cisplatin treatment. Cisplatin-induced anorexia is mediated through reduced hypothalamic ghrelin secretion. Cerebral serotonin 2C receptor activation partially induces decrease in hypothalamic ghrelin secretion, and rikkunshito suppresses cisplatin-induced anorexia by enhancing this secretion.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life and distress of parents of children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Krom ◽  
Hedy A. van Oers ◽  
Liesbeth van der Sluijs Veer ◽  
Suzanne M.C. van Zundert ◽  
Marie-Anne G.M. Otten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals In active acromegaly, IGF1 bioactivity is related to soluble Klotho levels and quality of life

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Varewijck ◽  
A J van der Lely ◽  
S J C M M Neggers ◽  
S W J Lamberts ◽  
L J Hofland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Activation Assay ◽  
Active Acromegaly

The value of measuring IGF1 bioactivity in active acromegaly is unknown. Soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) level is elevated in active acromegaly and it has been suggested that S-Klotho can inhibit activation of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R). A cross-sectional study was carried out in 15 patients with active acromegaly based on clinical presentation, unsuppressed GH during an oral glucose tolerance test, and elevated total IGF1 levels (>+2 s.d.). Total IGF1 was measured by immunoassay, IGF1 bioactivity by the IGF1R kinase receptor activation assay and S-Klotho by an ELISA. Quality of Life (QoL) was assessed by Acromegaly QoL (AcroQoL) Questionnaire and Short-Form-36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). Out of 15 patients, nine had IGF1 bioactivity values within the reference range. S-Klotho was higher in active acromegaly compared with controls. Age-adjusted S-Klotho was significantly related to IGF1 bioactivity (r=0.75, P=0.002) and to total IGF1 (r=0.62, P=0.02). IGF1 bioactivity and total IGF1 were inversely related to the physical component summary of the SF-36 (r=−0.78, P=0.002 vs r=−0.60, P=0.03). Moreover, IGF1 bioactivity, but not total IGF1, was significantly inversely related to the physical dimension of the AcroQoL Questionnaire (r=−0.60, P=0.02 vs r=−0.37, P=0.19). In contrast to total IGF1, IGF1 bioactivity was within the reference range in a considerable number of subjects with active acromegaly. Elevated S-Klotho levels may have reduced IGF1 bioactivity. Moreover, IGF1 bioactivity was more strongly related to physical measures of QoL than total IGF1, suggesting that IGF1 bioactivity may better reflect physical limitations perceived in active acromegaly.

scholarly journals CCK-Induced Reduction of Food Intake and Hindbrain MAPK Signaling Are Mediated by NMDA Receptor Activation

Endocrinology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 2633-2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Campos ◽  
Jason S. Wright ◽  
Krzysztof Czaja ◽  
Robert C. Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Vagal Afferents ◽  
Mapk Kinase ◽  
Vagal Afferent

The dorsal vagal complex of the hindbrain, including the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), receives neural and humoral afferents that contribute to the process of satiation. The gut peptide, cholecystokinin (CCK), promotes satiation by activating gastrointestinal vagal afferents that synapse in the NTS. Previously, we demonstrated that hindbrain administration of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptor antagonists attenuate reduction of food intake after ip CCK-8 injection, indicating that these receptors play a necessary role in control of food intake by CCK. However, the signaling pathways through which hindbrain NMDA receptors contribute to CCK-induced reduction of food intake have not been investigated. Here we report CCK increases phospho-ERK1/2 in NTS neurons and in identified vagal afferent endings in the NTS. CCK-evoked phospho-ERK1/2 in the NTS was attenuated in rats pretreated with capsaicin and was abolished by systemic injection of a CCK1 receptor antagonist, indicating that phosphorylation of ERK1/2 occurs in and is mediated by gastrointestinal vagal afferents. Fourth ventricle injection of a competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, prevented CCK-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hindbrain neurons and in vagal afferent endings, as did direct inhibition of MAPK kinase. Finally, fourth ventricle administration of either a MAPK kinase inhibitor or NMDA receptor antagonist prevented the reduction of food intake by CCK. We conclude that activation of NMDA receptors in the hindbrain is necessary for CCK-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the NTS and consequent reduction of food intake.

Tu1729 - Health Related Quality of Life in Young Children with Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1003
Author(s):  
Hilde Krom ◽  
Liesbeth van der Sluijs Veer ◽  
Suzanne van Zundert ◽  
Marie-Anne Otten ◽  
Marc A. Benninga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Malnutrition and food intake in relation to quality of life in head and neck cancer patients

Head & Neck ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Hammerlid ◽  
Brita Wirblad ◽  
Carina Sandin ◽  
Claes Mercke ◽  
Staffan Edström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neck Cancer

Hypothalamic dopaminergic receptor expressions in anorexia of tumor-bearing rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (6) ◽  
pp. R1907-R1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoi Sato ◽  
Michael M. Meguid ◽  
Sergueï O. Fetissov ◽  
Chung Chen ◽  
Lihua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Dopaminergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Free Feeding

Our past microdialysis studies in ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) of changes in dopamine concentrations in response to changes in food intake [characterized as feeding pattern (changes in meal number and size)] in anorexia of cancer show abnormal presynaptic dopaminergic neurotransmission. To determine postsynaptic receptor status, studies were done in tumor-bearing (TB) and non-tumor-bearing (NTB) free-feeding control rats while continuously measuring their food intake via a rat eater meter. When TB rats developed anorexia, TB and control rats were killed, and postsynaptic D1- and D2-receptor mRNA expression in LHA and VMN were measured via RT-PCR. At anorexia, food intake decreased initially by a decrease in meal number, whereas a concurrent increase in meal size occurred for 24 h in an attempt to maintain food intake constant. Then meal size also decreased. At this time, D1- and D2-receptor mRNA expressions in LHA and VMN of TB vs. controls were significantly upregulated. Verification of D1- or D2-receptor changes to changes in meal number and size at anorexia was made by injection of intra-VMN or -LHA dopaminergic receptor antagonists. Intra-VMN D1-receptor antagonist (SCH-23390) in TB rats decreased food intake mainly via a decrease in meal size. Intra-VMN D2-receptor antagonist (sulpiride) in TB rats increased food intake via an increase in meal number and in NTB free-feeding rats by an increase in meal size. Intra-LHA D1-receptor antagonist in TB rats had no effect on food intake or feeding pattern. Intra-LHA D2-receptor antagonist in TB and in NTB free-feeding rats increased food intake via an increase in meal number. Our data provide evidence that postsynaptic dopaminergic receptor subtypes in the hypothalamus are involved in the regulation of meal size, meal number, and thus food intake in anorectic TB rats.

A Study on the Effect of Dietary Modifications in decreasing or delaying Radiation Induced Acute Gastrointestinal Adverse Events in patients receiving Pelvic Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 4029-4034
Author(s):  
Devina Janeendran ◽  
Bhama Santhosh Kumar ◽  
Jiya Marium George ◽  
Ayana S. Kumar ◽  
Ram Madhavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Gastrointestinal Adverse Events ◽  
Dietary Modifications

Ionizing radiotherapy is a very common treatment modality for various types of cancer. However, its uses are expected to increase drastically with several advances in screening as well as early detection of cancer. Radiation injury due to radiation to the gastrointestinal tract is an imperative factor that works against better utility of this critical treatment modality. Moreover, following radiotherapy there are a higher chances of acute as well as chronic symptoms that would significantly reduce the quality of life of patients and furthermore adding an extra burden to the patients in terms of cost of healthcare. Thus interventions to reduce these adverse events can have long term benefits. Acute radiation induced gastrointestinal adverse events can be managed by modification of diet. Dietary modification of fat, lactose or non-starch polysaccharides (fibre) or combination of these dietary modifications reduces acute gastrointestinal adverse events during radiotherapy. In our study, we observed patients diagnosed with prostate and rectal cancer and those patients receiving neo adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy of rectum. The patients were advised to follow certain dietary modifications which aid in controlling the acute gastrointestinal side effects that developed after exposing to radiation therapy. The patients were followed up on a weekly basis and recorded the severity of the gastro intestinal symptoms after each cycle of radiation therapy and the quality of life was also calculated. Our study demonstrates that the dietary intervention appears to be a promising treatment option to control these adverse events. The dietary restriction of fat, fibre and lactose also helped in reducing the grades of adverse events during the radiotherapy. The Quality of Life of patients, however, after radiotherapy was found to be decreased when compared to the baseline.

scholarly journals Food intake assessment and quality of life in women with fibromyalgia

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Dias Batista ◽  
Aline Andretta ◽  
Renata Costa de Miranda ◽  
Jéssica Nehring ◽  
Eduardo dos Santos Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Intake Assessment
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