scholarly journals Influence of Age at Menarche on Forearm Bone Microstructure in Healthy Young Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 2594-2601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Chevalley ◽  
Jean-Philippe Bonjour ◽  
Serge Ferrari ◽  
Rene Rizzoli
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Peak Bone Mass ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Estrogen Exposure ◽  
Volumetric Bmd

Abstract Background: Shorter estrogen exposure from puberty onset to peak bone mass attainment may explain how late menarche is a risk factor for osteoporosis. The influence of menarcheal age (MENA) on peak bone mass, cortical, and trabecular microstructure was studied in 124 healthy women aged 20.4 ± 0.6 (sd) yr. Methods: At distal radius, areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and volumetric bone mineral density (BMD) and microstructure were measured by high-resolution peripheral computerized tomography, including: total, cortical, and trabecular volumetric BMD and fraction; trabecular number, thickness, and spacing; cortical thickness (CTh); and cross-sectional area (CSA). Results: Median MENA was 12.9 yr. Mean aBMD T score of the whole cohort was slightly positive. aBMD was inversely correlated to MENA for total radius (R = −0.21; P = 0.018), diaphysis (R = −0.18; P = 0.043), and metaphysis (R = −0.19; P = 0.031). Subjects with MENA more than the median [LATER: 14.0 ± 0.7 (±sd) yr] had lower aBMD than those with MENA less than the median (EARLIER: 12.1 ± 0.7 yr) in total radius (P = 0.026), diaphysis (P = 0.042), and metaphysis (P = 0.046). LATER vs. EARLIER displayed lower total volumetric BMD (315 ± 54 vs. 341 ± 56 mg HA/cm3; P = 0.010), cortical volumetric BMD (874 ± 49 vs. 901 ± 44 mg HA/cm3; P = 0.003), and CTh (774 ± 170 vs. 849 ± 191 μm; P = 0.023). CTh was inversely related to CSA (R = −0.46; P < 0.001). In LATER reduced CTh was associated with 5% increased CSA. Conclusions: In healthy young adult women, a 1.9-yr difference in mean MENA was associated with lower radial aBMD T score, lower CTh without reduced CSA, a finding compatible with less endocortical accrual. It may explain how late menarche is a risk factor for forearm osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of association of fragility fracture and bone mineral density in Nepalese population

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Md. Farid Amanullah ◽  
BP Shrestha ◽  
GP Khanal ◽  
NK Karna ◽  
S Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Study Results

Background: Fragility fractures are one of the major health problems. Many factors are associated with it some of which are modifiable and some are not. If we know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs and associated factors responsible for fragility fracture than we will be able to control this burden to the society. The objective of this study is to determine association between fragility fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) using bone densitometry and to know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs. Methods: Patients presenting to B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences with fragility fracture of distal end of radius, fracture around hip and vertebral fractures were included in the study to know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs and their associated risk factor. Patients less than 50 years of age, high energy trauma fracture and pathological fractures were excluded from the study. Results: We found that being multipara, smoking, alcohol consumption, post-hysterectomized patients and steroid intake had significant association with fragility fracture. There was no association with religion, geographic location, associated medical illness, age, sex, associated injury and site of injury. Conclusion: The patients with risk factor for fragility fracture like smoking, alcohol consumption, multipara women, post-hysterectomized women and those who are on long term steroid therapy should undergo BMD test and the value at -3.254 are prone to fragility fracture and should be treated accordingly. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 02 | Number 02 | July-December 2013 | Page 130-134 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i2.8956

scholarly journals The Relation between Bone Mineral Density, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Lipoprotein (a), Body Composition, and Muscle Strength in Adolescent Males

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 3025-3029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Thorsen ◽  
Peter Nordström ◽  
Ronny Lorentzon ◽  
Gösta H. Dahlén
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Peak Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Total Body

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. A low peak bone mass is regarded a risk factor for osteoporosis. Heredity, physical activity, and nutrition are regarded important measures for the observed variance in peak bone mass. Lp(a) lipoprotein is a well-known risk factor for atherosclerosis. Serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has been found to be increased in males with early cardiovascular disease. In this study, we evaluated the association between bone mass, body constitution, muscle strength, Lp(a), and IGF-I in 47 Caucasian male adolescents (mean age, 16.9 yr). Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry, muscle strength of thigh using an isokinetic dynamometer, IGF-I by RIA, and Lp(a) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IGF-I was only associated with Lp(a) (r = 0.38, P < 0.01). Lp(a) was related to total body (r= 0.40, P < 0.01), skull (r = 0.45, P < 0.01), and femoral neck BMD (r = 0.44, P < 0.01). Lp(a) was also related to fat mass (r = 0.34, P < 0.05) and muscle strength (r = 0.30–0.42, P < 0.05). After multiple regression and principal component (PC) analysis, the so-called PC body size (weight, fat mass, lean body mass, and muscle strength) was the most significant predictor of BMD (β = 0.28–0.51, P < 0.05–0.01), followed by the so-called PC physical activity (β = 0.28–0.38, P < 0.05–0.01, weight-bearing locations). However, the PC analysis confirmed that Lp(a) was an independent predictor of total body, skull, and femoral neck BMD (β = 0.33–0.36, P < 0.01). The present investigation confirms that BMD, body size, and muscle strength are closely related and that the level of physical activity is a major determinant of BMD. However, the positive relation of Lp(a), a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, to BMD has not previously been described. The importance of this observation has to be further investigated.

An Updated Reference for Calculating Bone Mineral Density T-Scores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Xue ◽  
Yuzheng Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Qiao ◽  
Qianqian Zhao ◽  
Dingjie Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
T Score ◽  
Peak Bmd

Abstract Context Bone mineral density (BMD) T-score reference may be updated when the peak BMD of the population is unclear and may need to be updated. Objective To update BMD T-score references using the peak BMD from the most recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting The NHANES 2005-2014. Participants Non-Hispanic white females between the ages 10-40 years (N=1549) were our target population to estimate peak BMD (SD). Individuals aged≥50 years (N=5523) were used to compare the percentages of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on existing and updated BMD T-score references. Main Outcome Measurements: BMD data within the age at attainment of peak BMD±5 years were used to calculate updated BMD T-score references. Results The updated average of BMD (SD) for diagnosing osteoporosis at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were 0.888 g/cm 2 (0.121 g/cm 2) and 1.065 g/cm 2 (0.122 g/cm 2), respectively. The percentages of individuals with osteoporosis at the femoral neck and low bone mass at the femoral neck and lumbar spine based on the updated BMD T-score references were higher than the percentages of people designated with these outcomes under the existing guidelines (P<0.001). However, we observed the opposite pattern for lumbar spine osteoporosis (P<0.001). Conclusions We calculated new BMD T-score references at the femoral neck and lumbar spine. We found significant differences in the percentages of individuals classified as having osteoporosis and low bone mass between the updated and existing BMD T-score references.

scholarly journals Cortical Consolidation due to Increased Mineralization and Endosteal Contraction in Young Adult Men: A Five-Year Longitudinal Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 2262-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes Ohlsson ◽  
Anna Darelid ◽  
Martin Nilsson ◽  
Johanna Melin ◽  
Dan Mellström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Peak Bone Mass ◽  
Volumetric Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Context: Peak bone mass is an important factor in the lifetime risk of developing osteoporosis. Large, longitudinal studies investigating the age of attainment of site-specific peak bone mass are lacking. Objective and Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were to determine the site-specific development of peak bone mass in appendicular and axial skeletal sites and in the trabecular and cortical bone compartments, using both dual x-ray absorptiometry and peripheral computed tomography. Design, Setting, and Population: In total, 833 men [aged 24.1 ± 0.6 yr (mean ± sd)] from the original population-based Gothenburg Osteoporosis and Obesity Determinants Study (n = 1068) were included in this follow-up examination at 61.2 ± 2.3 months. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was measured with dual x-ray absorptiometry, whereas cortical and trabecular volumetric bone mineral density and bone size were measured by peripheral computed tomography at baseline and at the 5-yr follow-up. Results: During the 5-yr study period, aBMD of the total body, lumbar spine, and radius increased by 3.4, 4.2, and 7.8%, respectively, whereas a decrease in aBMD of the total hip of 1.9% was observed (P < 0.0001). Increments of 2.1 and 0.7% were seen for cortical volumetric bone mineral density of the radius and tibia, respectively (P < 0.0001), whereas cortical thickness increased by 3.8% at the radius and 6.5% at the tibia due to diminished endosteal circumference (radius 2.3% and tibia 4.6%, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: aBMD decreased at the hip but increased at the spine and radius, in which the increment was explained by continued mineralization and augmented cortical thickness due to endosteal contraction in men between ages 19 and 24 yr.

scholarly journals Effects of alendronate on bone mass in women with osteoporosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 427-435
Author(s):  
Nada Pilipovic ◽  
Slobodan Brankovic ◽  
Nada Vujasinovic-Stupar
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
T Score ◽  
Second Year ◽  
One Year

This paper presents the results of a two-year study of the effects of alendronate (Fosamax?) on bone mass in 187 women with osteoporosis, mean age 57.68 years. Bone mass, i.e. bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine. Measurements were performed prior to treatment, one year and two years after treatment using the DEXA method. The BMD was examined in 65 women, mean age 54.02, taking calcium and vitamin D, and in 75 women mean age 57.16, without any therapy. The baseline BMD (T score) in the alendronate group was -2.87 SD, whereas in the two control groups it measured -1.86 SD and -2.02 SD, respectively. A significant improvement of bone mass, by 5.8%, was registered after a year of treatment with alendronate, and by 8.3% after two years. In patients receiving calcium and vitamin D, a significant increase of bone mass was established as well: by 2.9% after a year, but the values declined back to the baseline after the second year. In patients without any treatment the bone mass decreased by 0.6% after a year, and by 0.9% after the second year. .

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