scholarly journals One Fourth of Adult Patients With Acromegaly Have Tall Stature With Similar Frequency in Males And Females

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A647-A647
Author(s):  
Anna Bogusławska ◽  
Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska ◽  
Kesson Magdid ◽  
Magdalena Godlewska ◽  
Marta Olszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumour Size ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Tall Stature ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Normal Stature ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Gh Excess ◽  
Country Specific

Abstract Introduction: Tall stature (TS) is a manifestation of growth hormone (GH) excess, with higher prevalence reported for males. The aim of this study was (i) to evaluate the relationship between height of patients with GH excess related to midparental height (MPH) and population mean height; (ii) to test whether TS patients with acromegaly come from tall families. Methods: Single-centre, observational study on 101 consecutive adult patients with acromegaly and no family history of pituitary adenoma. Patients were analysed in two subgroups depending on height using country-specific data: 1) normal stature and 2) TS group, defined as either height above gender-specific 97 percentile or as >1.5 country-specific standard deviation (SD) from MPH. Results: Twenty-four percent of acromegaly patients (13 females/11 males) met one or both of the TS criteria. TS patients were significantly younger at the diagnosis (mean±SD, 33.6±13.4 vs 50.6±12.3 years) and at first symptoms (median 27.5, range 23-42 vs 41 (33-54) years) with greater tumour size and higher basal GH concentration than normal stature patients (p<0.01). The TS criteria based on the 1.5 SD above MPH identified more TS patients than the above 97 percentile height (92% vs 38%) and especially increased the diagnosis of TS in women (92% vs 31%). There was no difference in height of family members of acromegaly patients with or without TS. Height of family members were not taller than the population mean. Conclusion: One fourth of adult patients with acromegaly have TS with similar frequency in males and females. Based on our data TS patients with acromegaly do not come from tall families.

scholarly journals The Perceptions of Nurses and Nursing Students Regarding Family Involvement in the Care of Hospitalized Adult Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Faygah M. Shibily ◽  
Nada S. Aljohani ◽  
Yara M. Aljefri ◽  
Aisha S. Almutairi ◽  
Wassaif Z. Almutairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Centered Care

Over the past few decades, there have been concerns regarding the humanization of healthcare and the involvement of family members in patients’ hospital care. The attitudes of hospitals toward welcoming families in this respect have improved. In Arab culture, the main core of society is considered to be the family, not the individual. The objective behind involving family in patient care is to meet patients’ support needs. Consequently, this involvement affects nurses and their attitudes toward the importance of family involvement in patient care. Objectives: To describe nurses’ and nursing students’ perceptions of family involvement in the care of hospitalized adult patients in Saudi Arabia. Design: This study used a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design. The data were collected using a convenience sampling survey via social media. Results: A total of 270 participants (staff and students) took part in this study, including 232 (85.9%) females and 38 (14.1%) males. Moreover, a high percentage of participants (78.8%) acknowledged that family presence strongly affected the improvement of the patient’s condition. However, 69.3% of participants thought that involving family members during special care processes or cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) would be traumatizing for these individuals. Moreover, there was a significant diffidence between the attitudes of the nurses and nursing students toward family involvement and the number of years of employment (F = 3.60, p < 0.05). On the contrary, there were insignificant differences between the attitudes of the nurses and nursing students toward family involvement and their gender, nationality, age, education level, and years of work experience in Saudi Arabia (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between nurses’ years of employment and their support of family involvement in patient care (ß = −0.20, SE = 0.08, t = −2.70, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Nurses with more experience showed no support for family involvement in patient care. We have to consider the clinical barriers that affect nurses’ support for family involvement in patient-centered care, such as hospital polices, guidelines, and the model used for family-centered care integration in the hospital system to facilitate the interaction between healthcare providers and family members.

Achievement of a good death among young adult patients with cancer: analyses of combined data from three nationwide surveys among bereaved family members

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1519-1527
Author(s):  
Masanori Mori ◽  
Tomoyo Sasahara ◽  
Tatsuya Morita ◽  
Maho Aoyama ◽  
Yoshiyuki Kizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Good Death ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Bereaved Family ◽  
Combined Data

scholarly journals Direct Versus Remote Clinical Observation: Assessing Learners' Milestones While Addressing Adolescent Patients' Needs

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Pitts ◽  
Joshua Borus ◽  
Adrianne Goncalves ◽  
Holly Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Quality Improvement Initiative ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Medical Trainees ◽  
Remote Observation

Abstract Background Direct clinical observation is an essential component of medical trainee assessment, particularly in the era of milestone-based competencies. However, the adolescent patient's perspective on this practice is missing from the literature. Quality health care is patient centered, yet we did not know if our educational practices align with this clinical goal. Objective We sought to better understand our adolescent/young adult patients' perspectives of the direct observation of our medical trainees in the outpatient clinical setting. Methods As a quality improvement initiative, we surveyed adolescent/young adult patients, medical trainees, and physician observers in our outpatient clinical practice regarding their experience following a direct observation encounter. We performed descriptive analyses of the data. Results During a 1-year period, responses were received from 23 adolescent/young adult patients, 8 family members, 14 trainees, and 6 faculty observers. Nearly all adolescent/young adult patients (n = 22) and all surveyed family members (n = 8) expressed comfort with direct observation, and all respondents felt the care they received was the same or better. All patient/family respondents preferred direct observation to the idea of remote observation, and most, but not all, trainees and faculty observers expressed similar opinions. Conclusions Adolescent/young adult patients and their family members found direct observation of their trainee providers to be comfortable and beneficial. Despite adolescent and young adults' facility and comfort with modern technologies, there was an expressed preference for direct versus remote observation.

Online Memorialization and Grief After Suicide

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Krysinska ◽  
Karl Andriessen
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Suicide Survivors ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Grief Process ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grief Reactions

Although several studies have looked at the phenomenon of online memorialization, online involvement of those bereaved by suicide ( suicide survivors) remains an understudied area. The current study analyzed 250 memorials dedicated to those who died by suicide on two memorialization Web sites: Faces of Suicide and Gone too Soon. The majority of the memorials was posted by family members of the deceased and had a format of a letter or an obituary. Though the memorials were written for both males and females of all ages, 80% of the messages were written for young males. Fourteen themes were identified, ranging from sadness and expressions of love and other grief reactions of the bereaved, to acknowledgment of suicide and search for reasons for the death. Some of the bereaved wrote about their motives for posting an online memorial. Future studies should determine the impact of involvement in online memorialization on the grief process of suicide survivors.

No Correlation Between Rates of Suicidal Ideation and Completed Suicides in Europe: Analysis of 49,008 Participants (55+ Years) Based on the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 874-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lukaschek ◽  
H. Engelhardt ◽  
J. Baumert ◽  
K.-H. Ladwig
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Country Specific ◽  
Cross National

AbstractBackground:Little is known about country-specific variations in suicidal ideation (SID) by sex and how they correspond with completed suicide rate. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess variations in SID prevalence rates by sex and its correlation to completed suicide rates across European countries.Method:SHARE is a cross-national European survey of individuals over the age of 50 and their spouse of any age. The present study relied on wave 4 conducted in 2010–2012 including 49,008 participants aged 55 to 104 years from 16 countries. SID was evaluated using a single item from the Euro-D. Data on completed suicide rates were taken from the WHO mortality database.Results:Of the study population (n = 49,008, 44.3% men, mean age 68.2 ± 9.1 years), a total of 4139 (8.5%, 95% CI 8.2–8.7) reported suicidal ideation within the last month. The women:men ratio in SID prevalence ranged from 1.30 in Estonia to 2.25 in Spain and Portugal. Regarding country-specific variation, the SID prevalence patterns of both men and women did not correspond to the completed suicide rates for males and females aged 55+ reported by the WHO (2013). Correlations were rather moderate in men (r = 0.45) and especially weak in women (r = 0.16).Conclusion:The study showed remarkable differences in SID prevalence by sex. The most exciting finding was that SID rates did not correspond with completed suicide rates in each country under investigation. However, the strength of these patterns substantially differs across countries. This unexpected finding need to be further evaluated.

scholarly journals The Demographic, Social, and Economic Correlates of HIV Infection Status in Sub-Saharan Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eran Bendavid ◽  
Kajal Claypool ◽  
Eric Chow ◽  
Jake Chung ◽  
Don Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Country Specific

Background. Predisposition to HIV+ is influenced by a wide range of correlated economic, environmental, demographic, social, and behavioral factors. While evidence among a candidate handful have strong evidence, there is lack of a consensus among the vast array of variables measured in large surveys. Methods. We performed a comprehensive data-driven search for correlates of HIV positivity in &gt;600,000 participants of the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) across 29 sub-Saharan African countries from 2003 to 2017. We associated a total of 7,251 and of 6,288 unique variables with HIV+ in females and males respectively in each of the 50 surveys. We performed a meta-analysis within countries to attain 29 country-specific associations. Results. We identified 344 (5.4% out possible) and 373 (5.1%) associations with HIV+ in males and females, respectively, with robust statistical support. The identified associations are consistent in directionality across countries and sexes. The association sizes among individual correlates and their predictive capability was low to modest, but comparable to established factors. Among the identified associations, variables identifying being head of household among females was identified in 17 countries with a mean odds ratio (OR) of 2.5 (OR range: 1.1-3.5, R2 = 0.01). Other common associations were identified with marital status, education, age, and ownership of land or livestock. Conclusions. Our continent-wide search for variables has identified under-recognized variables associated with HIV+ that are consistent across the continent and sex. Many of the association sizes are as high as established risk factors for HIV+, including male circumcision.

scholarly journals Sex-specific and age-specific suicide mortality by method in 58 countries between 2000 and 2015

2020 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2019-043601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wu ◽  
David C Schwebel ◽  
Yun Huang ◽  
Peishan Ning ◽  
Peixia Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Suicide Method ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Binomial Models ◽  
Country Specific

ObjectiveTo examine recent changes in sex-specific and age-specific suicide mortality by method across countries.MethodsUsing mortality data from the WHO mortality database, we compared sex-specific, age-specific and country-specific suicide mortality by method between 2000 and 2015. We considered seven major suicide methods: poisoning by pesticides, all other poisoning, firearms and explosives, hanging, jumping from height, drowning and other methods. Changes in suicide mortality were quantified using negative binomial models among three age groups (15–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and above) for males and females separately.ResultsSuicide mortality declined substantially for both sexes and all three age groups studied in 37 of the 58 included countries between 2000 and 2015. Males consistently had much higher suicide mortality rates than females in all 58 countries. Hanging was the most common suicide method in the majority of 58 countries. Sex-specific suicide mortality varied across 58 countries significantly for all three age groups. The spectrum of suicide method generally remained stable for 28 of 58 included countries; notable changes occurred in the other 30 countries, including especially Colombia, Finland and Trinidad and Tobago.ConclusionLikely as a result of prevention efforts as well as sociodemographic changes, suicide mortality decreased substantially in 37 of the included 58 countries between 2000 and 2015. Further actions are needed to explore specific drivers of the recent changes (particularly for increases in eight countries), to understand substantial disparities in suicide rates across countries, and to develop interventions to reduce suicide rates globally.

scholarly journals Feasibility and effectiveness of tuberculosis active case-finding among children living with tuberculosis relatives: a cross sectional study in Guinea-Bissau ”

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e2017059
Author(s):  
Raffaella Colombatti
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Personnel Cost ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Guinea Bissau

Background and Objectives: The World Health Organization End tuberculosis (TB) Strategy, approved in 2014, aims at a 90% reduction in TB deaths and an 80% reduction in TB incidence rate by 2030. One of the suggested interventions is the systematic screening of people with suspected TB, belonging to specific risk groups. The Hospital Raoul Follereau (HRF) in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, is the National Reference Hospital for Tuberculosis and Lung Disease of the country. We performed an active case-finding program among pediatric age family members and cohabitants of admitted adult TB patients, from January to December 2013.Methods: Newly admitted adult patients with a diagnosis of TB were invited to bring their family members or cohabitants in childhood age for clinical evaluation in a dedicated outpatient setting within the hospital compound. All the children brought to our attention underwent medical examination and chest x-ray. In children with clinical and/or radiologic finding consistent with pulmonary TB a sputum-smear was requested.Results: All admitted adult patients accepted to bring their children cohabitants. In total, 287 children were examined in 2013. Forty-four patients (15%) were diagnosed with TB. The number needed to screen (NNS) to detect one case of TB was 7. 35 patients (80%) had pulmonary TB; 2 of them were sputum smear-positive. No adjunctive personnel cost was necessary for the intervention.Conclusions: children with TB represent a large proportion of the pool of undetected TB. A simple TB active case-finding program targeted to high risk groups like children households of severely ill admitted patients with TB can successfully be implemented in a country with limited resources.

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