scholarly journals Improving the Accuracy and Reliability of Parathyroid Hormone Levels Through the Mass-Spectrometric Measurement of Full-length PTH and C-Terminal PTH Fragments

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A264-A264
Author(s):  
Candice Z Ulmer ◽  
Bianca Smith ◽  
Janet Thonkulpitak ◽  
Hubert W Vesper
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Measurement ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Sensitive Method

Abstract Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a key biomarker for hypo/hyperparathyrioidism as well as chronic kidney disease, one of the leading health conditions in the USA. As a result, the most recent update of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline for CKD-MBD management emphasized the role of PTH as one of the key biomarkers of this disorder. The earlier stages of CKD generate few symptoms and only until the kidney is significantly impaired do patients begin experiencing signs of renal failure. Therefore, the measurement of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in serum and/or plasma is critical not only for the correct detection, diagnosis, and prevention of renal failure, but also calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D disorders. Current laboratory methods for PTH show high variability and inaccuracy, thus creating the need for a reference measurement procedure that can help laboratories and assay manufacturers improve their measurement accuracy and reliability to avoid the misclassification of patients. Due to the short half-life of PTH, this 84 amino-acid polypeptide hormone is produced at low circulating levels in normal conditions ranging from 10 - 65 pg/mL. In addition, N-terminal and C-terminal peptides, which have shown to interfere with clinical analyzer platforms, account for over 80% of all circulating PTH levels. Therefore, a highly specific and sensitive method is needed for the accurate detection of full-length PTH and these PTH fragments. There is clinical relevancy in the ability to measure C-terminal PTH fragments as the ratio of these PTH fragments to full-length PTH has been diagnostic for severe or end-stage renal disease, non-dynamic bone disease, and hyperparathyroid-associated bone loss. Bottom-up proteomics approaches that incorporate enzymatic digestion steps during sample preparation will result in the loss of information for the fragments. Therefore, a new, innovative, top-down proteomics method was developed to measure full-length PTH and its breakdown products (fragments) by mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). This method enabled, for the first time, the detection of full-length PTH at very low concentrations typically observed in patients with hypoparathyroidism as well as C-terminal fragments that may interfere with regular immunoassays typically used in patient care. The highly specific and sensitive method for PTH and related peptides in CKD patient sera demonstrated no interference from the internal standards and other PTH fragments. Therefore, the optimized method was applied for the screening of normal and CKD serum at various stages of disease progression. Preliminary results demonstrated that certain PTH fragments are correlated with eGFR and different stages of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). This method along with the respective findings from this study will help to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of CKD-MBD.

Management strategy for children with dentoalveolar disorders against the background of chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
N.S. Morozova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Mamedov ◽  
D.S. Bille ◽  
A.S. Chertikhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Children Nutrition ◽  
Dental Diseases

According to the European Dialysis and Transplantation Association (EDTA), the incidence of chronic kidney disease is 4–6 cases per million children under the age of 15 and it increases with the age of the child. In order to optimize dental care for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), an algorithm for dental treatment and prevention was developed. A questionnaire was conducted among 57 children with CKD and 57 parents of this group of children to assess parental and child knowledge of the basics of preventive measures for kidney diseases. Based on the results of the questionnaire, nutritional recommendations were developed. It was found that 100% of parents know the basic nutritional guidelines for children with CKD. Particular attention was paid to children’s consumption of food containing salt. All parents surveyed (100%) were convinced that their children do not consume salty foods, while 23.1% of children claimed to consume them 3 times a day. Thus, it is advisable to implement the developed complex method of treatment and prevention of dental diseases with the inclusion of sanitary and hygienic education on the issues of nutrition for patients with CKD in order to further prevent not only recurrence, but also the progression of existing pathology. Key words: children, nutrition, dental care, chronic kidney disease

scholarly journals To Study the Association of Parathyroid Hormone with Severe Anaemia in Chronic Renal Failure Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 724-728
Author(s):  
Madhavi Sarkari ◽  
Mahim Mittal ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Intact Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Mineral And Bone Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is defined as abnormalities of kidney structure or function, present for > 3 months, with implications for health. In India, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), ranges from 0.79 % to 1.4 %. Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is one of the less recognized reasons of anaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we evaluated the role of SHPT as a cause of anaemia, and correlation of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and haemoglobin (Hb) levels in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients on haemodialysis and also in CRF patients who are not on haemodialysis. METHODS This is an observational cross-sectional study done in the department of medicine in BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, over a period of one year among a total of 101 patients. All patients underwent detailed clinical history, clinical examination & relevant biochemical investigations. RESULTS Parathyroid hormone level was found elevated in 82.2 % CRF patients in our study; out of these 76.2 % patients were severely anaemic. CONCLUSIONS Anaemia mainly normocytic & normochromic is a common complication of chronic kidney disease. Hormonal failure in CRF patients is very commonly reflected as anaemia & mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Parathyroid hormone was found elevated in most (82.2 %) of the CRF patients with anaemia. KEY WORDS Chronic Renal Failure (CRF), Intact Parathyroid Hormone (iPTH), Secondary Hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

scholarly journals Basal Gastric Acid level in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Nilima Jafrin ◽  
Nayeema Akter ◽  
Shahin Akhter ◽  
Md Myenuddin Mozumder ◽  
Sakhawat Mahmud Khan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ph Level

Background: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Chronic renal failure is associated with an increased incidence of acid-related gastrointestinal disorders.Objective: To determine the pH level of gastric acid in patients of CKD and to correlate the different stages of CKD with gastric acid status.Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Physiology and Nephrology, Chittagong Medical College and Hospital during January 2008 to December 2008. Total 87 subjects were included in this study, of them 65 patients of diagnosed case of chronic kidney diseases were selected as study group. Age and sex matched 22 apparently healthy persons were selected as control group To assess gastric juice media gastric juice pH level was determined with the help of Model pHs -25 pH meter. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation co-efficient test where applicable.Results: Mean gastric juice pH level of CKD patients was lower than that of control group but it was not statistically significant. Again, pH level of gastric juice was significantly (p<0.001) decreased according to severity of CKD patients. Gradual decrease of pH level was found with the increasing severity of the CKD.Conclusion: In this study gastric juice pH was lowered in patients of chronic kidney disease which was significantly lowered in stage V. So it can be concluded that the gastric acid secretion may increase in chronic renal failure patient.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2017, June; 12(1): 10-14

POLYMORPHISM OF STAT4, PTPN22, VEGF, TGF-B, PDCD1 AND PD-L1 GENES IN CHILDREN WITH HEREDITARY NEPHRITIS AND POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
A. G. Bialkevich ◽  
◽  
A. V. Sukalo ◽  
I. A. Kazyra ◽  
N. V. Nikitchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Hereditary Nephritis ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Genotype Frequencies

The study of the molecular and genetic nature of inherited kidney diseases is relevant in modern nephrology. It allows us to establish the etiology, develop new methods of treatment and prevention. The aim of the research was to study the genetic polymorphism of STAT4, PTPN22, VEGF, TGF-B, PDCD1 and PD-L1 in children with hereditary kidney diseases. The study included patients with hereditary nephritis (n = 40), polycystic kidney disease (n = 26) and chil dren without kidney diseases (n = 416). We use a standard method of phenol-chloroform extraction to isolate genomic DNA. Polymorphic variants of genes were determined using such methods of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as estriction fragment length polymorphism PCR and real-time PCR. Genotyping of polymorphic of loci rs7574865 and rs 3821236 of the STAT4 gene in the group of patients with polycystic kidney disease compared with the control was observed significant differences in genotype frequencies in boys. The development of polycystic kidney disease is associated with the presence of genotypes GT + TT and minor allele T of the polymorphic locus rs7574865 of the STAT4 gene and genotypes GA + AA and allele A of the polymorphic locus rs3821236 of the STAT4 gene which is especially pronounced in groups of male patients. Analysis of the frequency distribution of genotypes/alleles in the boys confirmed a significant association of the CC genotype and the minor allele C of polymorphic locus rs2297136 of the PD-L1 gene with the risk of development of hereditary nephritis. The frequencies of genotypes/alleles of the polymorphic loci of PTPN22 rs2476601, TGF-B rs1800469, PDCD1 rs11568821 and VEGF rs699947, rs2010963 in children with hereditary nephritis and polycystic kidney disease didn't significantly differ from the similar indicators in the control group.

scholarly journals Importance of selenium homeostasis in chronic and end-stage kidney diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (41) ◽  
pp. 1641-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
End Stage

Selenium is an essential trace element for the human body with a significant antioxidant effect. Selenium deficiency and excess are both detrimental for proper functioning of the human body. The possible association between selenium deficiency and acute or chronic renal disease, along with their complications has been less intensively investigated, however, there are firm data showing that selenium deficiency and renal failure increase the risk of both coronary artery disease and total mortality. Further studies revealed that selenium deficiency increases the risk of death due to infection in patients treated with hemodialysis through dysfunction of the immune system. However, there are no data whether the imbalance of selenium metabolism, especially selenium deficiency, could cause chronic kidney disease or renal failure. As far as results of selenium measurements, there is convincing evidence that protein loss and renal replacement treatment reduce serum selenium levels. Despite some contradictory results obtained from various studies regarding selenium deficiency in chronic kidney diseases, it seems that selenium supplementation may be beneficial in many patients with severe or end-stage kidney disease including those treated with dialysis. Orv. Hetil., 154 (41), 1641–1647.

Carnosine and Kidney Diseases: What We Currently Know?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1764-1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kilis-Pstrusinska
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

: Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is an endogenously synthesised dipeptide which is present in different human tissues e.g. in the kidney. Carnosine is degraded by enzyme serum carnosinase, encoding by CNDP1 gene. Carnosine is engaged in different metabolic pathways in the kidney. It reduces the level of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, inhibits advanced glycation end products’ formation, moreover, it also decreases the mesangial cell proliferation. Carnosine may also serve as a scavenger of peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals and a natural angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. : This review summarizes the results of experimental and human studies concerning the role of carnosine in kidney diseases, particularly in chronic kidney disease, ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute renal failure, diabetic nephropathy and also drug-induced nephrotoxicity. The interplay between serum carnosine concentration and serum carnosinase activity and polymorphism in the CNDP1 gene is discussed. : Carnosine has renoprotective properties. It has a promising potential for the treatment and prevention of different kidney diseases, particularly chronic kidney disease which is a global public health issue. Further studies of the role of carnosine in the kidney may offer innovative and effective strategies for the management of kidney diseases.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASES AND HEMATOLGICAL DATA IN SABRATHA HOSPITAL IN LIBYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Ata Sedik Elsayed ◽  
Azab Elsayed Azab ◽  
Nargis Omar Eaboda
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Chronic Kidney Diseases ◽  
Erythropoietin Production ◽  
Relative Deficiency ◽  
Consequent Increase

In chronic kidney failure, there is impairment in the excretion of toxic non-volatile solutes, with consequent increase in the plasma concentrations of all metabolites derived mainly from protein metabolism, characterized by increased urea and creatinine, the prevalence and severity of anemia are related to the kidney disease stage and the relative deficiency or reduction in erythropoietin production is the main cause. This study aimed at checking the correlation between anemia and chronic kidney diseases in patients who underwent hemodialysis in Sabratha Hospital in the West of Libya. This study was conducted on 60 patients (36 males and 24 females) with chronic renal failure from October 2015 to April 2016 and a group of 40 (20 males and 20 females) individuals as control. The results of the study concluded that there is a correlation between progression of chronic kidney diseases and reduction in hemoglobin, red blood cells count, hematocrit, and serum iron.Keywords: Chronic kidney diseases, Chronic kidney disease, Anemia, Renal failure

Stroke in chronic renal failure

2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (15) ◽  
pp. 691-696
Author(s):  
Dániel Bereczki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhages

Chronic kidney diseases and cardiovascular diseases have several common risk factors like hypertension and diabetes. In chronic renal disease stroke risk is several times higher than in the average population. The combination of classical risk factors and those characteristic of chronic kidney disease might explain this increased risk. Among acute cerebrovascular diseases intracerebral hemorrhages are more frequent than in those with normal kidney function. The outcome of stroke is worse in chronic kidney disease. The treatment of stroke (thrombolysis, antiplatelet and anticoagulant treatment, statins, etc.) is an area of clinical research in this patient group. There are no reliable data on the application of thrombolysis in acute stroke in patients with chronic renal disease. Aspirin might be administered. Carefulness, individual considerations and lower doses might be appropriate when using other treatments. The condition of the kidney as well as other associated diseases should be considered during administration of antihypertensive and lipid lowering medications.

Ethnopharmacological Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in Traditional Treatment of Kidney Diseases in Fez–Meknes Region, Morocco

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
M. Chebaibi ◽  
D. Bousta ◽  
I. Iken ◽  
H. Hoummani ◽  
A. Ech-Choayeby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Toxic Plants ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chi Squared

The purpose of this study was to inventory and collect information on plants and mixtures commonly used by herbalists to treat kidney disease in the Fez–Meknes region. We also aimed to compare the results obtained with the results of the other studies and exploit the correlations between different factors. An ethnopharmacological survey was conducted from 289 local herbalists in eight different areas of Fez–Meknes region. Ethnomedicinal uses and ethnobotanical indices were analyzed using quantitative tools, i.e., the total number of citation (TNC), use value (UV), family use value (FUV), fidelity level (FL), and rank order priority (ROP). Statistical analyses such as Pearson correlation and chi-squared test were performed to delineate any correlation. Two hundred and eighty-nine herbalists were questioned. Sixty-nine plant species belonging to 38 families were cited by herbalists for traditional treatment of kidney disease. The highest value of UV was obtained for Herniaria glabra L. (UV = 0.79), and Caryophyllaceae was the family frequently cited (FUV = 0.795). Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. had the highest value of FL with a value of 100%, and the highest value of ROP was recorded for Herniaria glabra L. (ROP = 91%). Sociodemographic characteristics had a significant impact on the knowledge of toxic plants. Our study has revealed a cultural heritage linked to herbalism and a great wealth of medicinal plants, whose valorization and protection are necessary. Several studies are needed to sensitize herbalists and population on the danger of toxic plants, to extract chemical compounds from the main plants used, and to evaluate their toxicity.

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