Association of Sleep, Neuropsychological Performance, and Gray Matter Volume With Glymphatic Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013215
Author(s):  
Tiing Yee Siow ◽  
Cheng Hong Toh ◽  
Jung-Lung Hsu ◽  
Geng-Hao Liu ◽  
Shwu-Hua Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Glymphatic System ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background and Objectives:The glymphatic system, which is robustly enabled during some stages of sleep, is a fluid-transport pathway that clears cerebral waste products. Most contemporary knowledge regarding glymphatic system is inferred from rodent experiments and human research is limited. The objective of the research is to explore the associations between human glymphatic function, sleep, neuropsychological performances, and cerebral gray matter volumes.Methods:This cross-sectional study included individuals 60 years or older who had participated in the Integrating Systemic Data of Geriatric Medicine to Explore the Solution for Health Aging study between September 2019 and October 2020. Community-dwelling older adults were enrolled at 2 different sites. Participants with dementia, major depressive disorders, and other major organ system abnormalities were excluded. Sleep profile was accessed using questionnaires and polysomnography. Administered neuropsychological test batteries included Everyday Cognition (ECog) and the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropsychological Battery (CERAD-NB). Gray matter volumes were estimated based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diffusion tensor imaging-analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index was used as the MRI marker of glymphatic function.Results:A total of 84 participants (mean [SD] age, 73.3 [7.1] years, 47 [56.0%] women) were analyzed. Multivariate linear regression model determined that age (unstandardized β, -0.0025 [SE, 0.0001]; P = 0.02), N2 sleep duration (unstandardized β, 0.0002 [SE, 0.0001]; P = 0.04), and the apnea-hypopnea index (unstandardized β, -0.0011 [SE, 0.0005]; P = 0.03) were independently associated with DTI-ALPS. Higher DTI-ALPS was associated with better ECog language scores (unstandardized β, -0.59 [SE, 0.28]; P = 0.04) and better CERAD-NB word-list-learning delayed recall subtest scores (unstandardized β, 6.17 [SE, 2.31]; P = 0.009) after co-varying for age and education. Higher DTI-ALPS was also associated with higher gray matter volume (unstandardized β, 107.00 [SE, 43.65]; P = 0.02) after controlling for age, gender, and total intracranial volume.Discussion:Significant associations were identified between glymphatic function and sleep stressing the importance of sleep for brain health. This study also revealed associations between DTI-ALPS, neuropsychological performances, and cerebral gray matter volumes suggesting the potential of DTI-ALPS as a biomarker for cognitive disorders.

scholarly journals Leisure Activity Variety and Brain Volume Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Analysis of the Neuron to Environmental Impact Across Generations Study Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Iizuka ◽  
Hiroshi Murayama ◽  
Masaki Machida ◽  
Shiho Amagasa ◽  
Shigeru Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Recent findings indicate that leisure activity (LA) delays cognitive decline and reduces the risk of dementia. However, the association between LA and brain volume remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between LA variety and brain volume with a focus on the hippocampus and gray matter.Methods: Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the Neuron to Environmental Impact across Generations study, which had targeted community-dwelling older adults living in Niigata, Japan. We divided LAs into 10 categories, and counted the number of categories of activities in which the participants engaged. We classified them as follows: 0 (i.e., no activity), 1, 2, or ≥ 3 types. Brain volume was assessed through magnetic resonance imaging, and hippocampal and gray matter volumes were ascertained.Results: The sample size was 482. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that hippocampal and gray matter volumes were significantly greater among participants with ≥ 3 types of LAs than among their no-activity counterparts. Hippocampal volume was significantly greater among those who engaged in one type of LA than among those who engaged in no such activity. Sex-stratified analysis revealed that hippocampal volumes were significantly greater among males who engaged in ≥ 3 types of LAs and one type of LA. However, no such association was found among females.Conclusion: The present findings suggest that engaging in a wide range of LAs is related to hippocampal and gray matter volumes. Furthermore, there was a sex difference in the association between LA variety and brain volume.

scholarly journals NEIGHBORHOOD SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND GRAY MATTER VOLUME IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S414-S414
Author(s):  
Sara L Godina ◽  
Caterina Rosano ◽  
Peter J Gianaros ◽  
Howard J Aizenstein ◽  
Michelle C Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Matter Volume

Abstract Lower neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) is associated with poorer cognitive function; underlying neural correlates are unknown. Cross-sectional associations of nSES (six census-derived measures of income, education, and occupation) and gray matter volume (GMV) of eight memory-related regions (hippocampus, middle frontal gyrus, amygdala, insula, parahippocampal gyrus, anterior, middle, and posterior cingulum) were examined in 264 community-dwelling older adults (mean age=83, 56.82% female, 39.02% black). In linear mixed effects models adjusted for total brain atrophy and accounting for geographic clustering, higher nSES was associated with greater GMV of the left hippocampus, left posterior cingulum, and bilateral insula, middle frontal, and parahippocampal gyri. nSES remained associated with GMV of the right insula (β= -32.26, p=0.026, 95%CI: -60.66, -3.86) after adjusting for individual level age, gender, race, income, and education. The nSES and cognitive function association may not be due to gray matter volume differences; other behavioral and biological mediators should be explored.

scholarly journals Hyposmia and Neuroimaging Signature in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 530-530
Author(s):  
Cynthia Felix ◽  
Lana Chahine ◽  
Honglei Chen ◽  
Zichun Cao ◽  
Caterina Rosano
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Olfaction declines with aging, and hyposmia, or impaired sense of smell, is associated with neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Neuroimaging studies of hyposmia in AD/PD patients have often examined pathology-specific brain regions. Our knowledge of neural correlates in regions that mediate olfaction in community-dwelling older adults, is limited. We quantified mean diffusivity (MD) of the gray matter (GM) using diffusion tensor imaging in a community-dwelling sample of 308 older adults (mean age: 82.9 years, 58% women, 40% black). We focused on total brain and these regions involved in olfaction- olfactory bulb, amygdala, entorhinal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and hippocampus. Smell was tested with a scratch-and-sniff validated odor identification test, the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT). Hyposmia was defined as BSIT score of ≤8, assessed about 7 years prior to neuroimaging. In our sample, 23% had hyposmia, more in in men (30%) than in women (19%). Hyposmia was not significantly associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension; diseases such as stroke; age; race; cognitive or mobility functions (all p>0.1). In linear regression models adjusted for demographics and brain atrophy (total brain gray matter volume divided by intracranial volume), hyposmia was significantly associated with higher GM MD (lower microstructural integrity) of the left orbitofrontal cortex (standardized beta: 0.142, t=2.56, p=0.011). Understanding the neural substrates involved in hyposmia in aging is an important step towards advancing research on hyposmia in non-clinic-based, community-dwelling populations.

scholarly journals Voxel-based correlation of 18F-THK5351 accumulation and gray matter volume in the brain of cognitively normal older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Shigemoto ◽  
Daichi Sone ◽  
Miho Ota ◽  
Norihide Maikusa ◽  
Masayo Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Alterations of frontal-temporal gray matter volume associate with clinical measures of older adults with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 100326
Author(s):  
Kuaikuai Duan ◽  
Enrico Premi ◽  
Andrea Pilotto ◽  
Viviana Cristillo ◽  
Alberto Benussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Clinical Measures

scholarly journals Gray Matter Volume Covariance Networks, Social Support, and Cognition in Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cotton ◽  
Joe Verghese ◽  
Helena M Blumen
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Gray Matter Network

Abstract Objective We examined the neural substrates of social support in older adults. Social support is associated with better outcomes in many facets of aging—including cognitive and functional health—but the underlying neural substrates remain largely unexplored. Methods Voxel-based morphometry and multivariate statistics were used to identify gray matter volume covariance networks associated with social support in 112 older adults without dementia (M age = 74.6 years, 50% female), using the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. Results A gray matter network associated with overall social support was identified and included prefrontal, hippocampal, amygdala, cingulate, and thalamic regions. A gray matter network specifically associated with tangible social support (e.g., someone to help you if you were confined to bed) was also identified, included prefrontal, hippocampal, cingulate, insular, and thalamic regions, and correlated with memory and executive function. Discussion Gray matter networks associated with overall and tangible social support in this study were composed of regions previously associated with memory, executive function, aging, and dementia. Longitudinal research of the interrelationships between social support, brain structure, and cognition is needed, but strengthening social support may represent a new path toward improving cognition in aging that should be explored.

scholarly journals What factors explain racial differences in memory‐related gray matter volume regions of interest among cognitively normal older adults?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L Godina ◽  
Caterina Rosano ◽  
Peter Gianaros ◽  
Howard J Aizenstein ◽  
Michelle C Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Preservation of Gray Matter Volume in Early Stage of Bipolar Disorder: A Case for Early Intervention

2020 ◽  
pp. 070674372092782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamyar Keramatian ◽  
Wayne Su ◽  
Gayatri Saraf ◽  
Trisha Chakrabarty ◽  
Lakshmi N. Yatham
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes ◽  
Healthy Participants

Objective: It has been proposed that different stages of the bipolar disorder might have distinct neurobiological changes. However, the evidence for this has not been consistent, as the studies in early stages of the illness are limited by small sample sizes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gray matter volume changes in bipolar patients who recently recovered from their first episode of mania (FEM). Methods: Using a whole-brain voxel-based analysis, we compared the regional gray matter volumes of 61 bipolar patients who have recovered from their FEM in the past 3 months with 43 age- and gender-matched healthy participants. We also performed a series of subgroup analyses to determine the effects of hospitalization during the FEM, history of depressive episodes, and exposure to lithium. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between gray matter volumes of FEM patients and healthy participants, even at a more liberal threshold ( P < 0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Voxel-based subgroup analyses did not reveal significant gray matter differences except for a trend toward decreased gray matter volume in left lateral occipital cortex ( P < 0.001, uncorrected) in patients with a previous history of depression. Conclusion: This study represents the largest structural neuroimaging investigation of FEM published to date. Early stage of bipolar disorder was not found to be associated with significant gray matter volume changes. Our findings suggest that there might be a window of opportunity for early intervention strategies to prevent or delay neuroprogression in bipolar disorder.

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