Paper 15. Automatic Gearboxes (Hydrokinetic), Trans-axle and Light Cars

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (9) ◽  
pp. 239-249
Author(s):  
A. J. Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Power Weight ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Lower Power ◽  
Weight Factors ◽  
Price Range

This paper outlines the essential requirements for light car transmissions and shows how they differ from those suitable for larger cars. Apart from the obvious size and weight limitations these transmissions must be sufficiently flexible to cope with the usually lower power/weight factors. They must have less power losses and be produced at a cost in proportion to the price of the cars. Comment is made on the intrinsic problems of designing transmissions that are sturdy enough to accept heavy duty and yet are lightweight, efficient, and trouble free while remaining within the price range of the motorist who expects economy with adequate performance.

scholarly journals A Novel Neutral Point Clamped Full-Bridge Topology for Transformerless Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverters

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1460-1463
Author(s):  
M. Pakdel ◽  
S. Jalilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Leakage Current ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Neutral Point ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Lower Power ◽  
Common Mode Voltage ◽  
The Common ◽  
Bus Voltage

This paper presents a novel neutral point clamped full-bridge topology for transformerless photovoltaic grid-tied inverters. Transformerless grid-connected inverters have been used widely in recent years since they offer higher efficiency and lower costs. Ground leakage current suppression is the main issue which should be considered carefully in transformerless photovoltaic grid-connected inverters. Among different methods used to decline ground leakage current, neutral point clamped (NPC) topologies are considered more useful and effective. In NPC topologies, the short-circuited output voltage at the freewheeling period is clamped to the middle of the DC bus voltage. Therefore, the common-mode voltage (CM) will be constant at the whole switching period. Various NPC topologies such as H6 [1], HB-ZVR [2], oH5 [3], and PN-NPC [4] have been proposed. In this paper, a novel NPC topology is proposed which has lower power losses and higher efficiency over previous topologies. Furthermore, the proposed NPC topology exhibits a similar ground leakage current with the PN-NPC topology. The proposed NPC topology is analyzed theoretically using simulation studies and an experimental prototype is provided to verify theoretical analysis and simulation studies.

Test Results for PTFE-Faced Thrust Pads, With Direct Comparison Against Babbitt-Faced Pads and Correlation With Analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Ettles ◽  
R. T. Knox ◽  
J. H. Ferguson ◽  
D. Horner
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Lower Power ◽  
Specific Loading

The use of PTFE-faced pads in large vertical axis hydro-generators was pioneered in Russia in the 1970s, prompted by a series of failures of conventional babbitt-faced bearings. Some advantages claimed include higher specific loading, lower power loss and the omission of oil-lift facilities. There is strong interest in the Industry concerning this material, but limited data are available on actual performance. Some results from extensive testing of PTFE-faced pads are given, for two sizes of pad. These are compared directly size-for-size with results for babbitt bearings of nominally the same area. The power losses for the two types of bearing were found to be almost identical. Some of the effects observed during testing are described and discussed, including the effect of creep. The test results are compared with predictions using the GENMAT analysis software. A method of allowing for creep in numerical modeling is discussed.

Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Tokamaks

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
C. de Michelis
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Spectroscopic Diagnostics ◽  
Important Concern

AbstractImpurities being an important concern in tokamaks, spectroscopy plays a key role in their understanding. Techniques for the evaluation of concentrations, power losses and transport properties are surveyed, and a few developments are outlined.

The Automobile Wagon for Heavy Duty

1900 ◽  
Vol 50 (1289supp) ◽  
pp. 20665-20668
Author(s):  
Arthur Herschmann
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Duty

Tribotechnical Characteristics of Titanium Nitride Coating for Heavy-Duty Friction Clutches.

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-566
Author(s):  
O. Yu Elagina ◽  
◽  
D.O. Kolbas ◽  
A.G. Buklakov ◽  
N. Derr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Nitride ◽  
Nitride Coating ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Titanium Nitride Coating ◽  
Tribotechnical Characteristics

Power Losses in RF Inductor of Ferrite-Free Closed-Loop Inductively-Coupled Low Pressure Mercury Lamps

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Lovlya ◽  
Oleg A. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Mercury Vapour ◽  
Plasma Power ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Inductive Discharge ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Radial Inhomogeneity ◽  
Transformer Model ◽  
Rf Inductor

RF inductor power losses of ferrite-free electrode-less low pressure mercury inductively-coupled discharges excited in closed-loop dielectric tube were studied. The modelling was made within the framework of low pressure inductive discharge transformer model for discharge lamps with tubes of 16, 25 and 38 mm inner diam. filled with the mixture of mercury vapour (7.5×10–3 mm Hg) and argon (0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 mm Hg) at RF frequencies of 1, 7; 3.4 and 5.1 MHz and plasma power of (25–500) W. Discharges were excited with the help of the induction coil of 3, 4 and 6 turns placed along the inner perimeter of the closed-loop tube. It was found that the dependence of coil power losses, Pcoil, on the discharge plasma power, Ppl, had the minimum while Pcoil decreased with RF frequency, tube diameter and coil number of turns. The modelling results were found in good qualitative agreement with the experimental data; quantitative discrepancies are believed to be due skin-effect and RF electric field radial inhomogeneity that were not included in discharge modelling.

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