Report Paper 4: Determination of Bonds between Metal Ions and Additives by Means of Surface Pressure and Infrared Spectra

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (12) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
S. Friberg ◽  
H. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Bond Properties ◽  
Monomolecular Layers ◽  
Surface Balance

A surface balance of the Langmuir type was used to determine the effect of different metal ion specia in an aqueous solution on the surface pressure of monomolecular layers of additives. To gain more specific information about the bond properties, the monolayers were collected and the infrared spectra recorded. It is suggested that the results can be used as data when the bonds between the additives and the atom groups on a metal surface are being considered.

scholarly journals DITHIZONE MODIFIED SILVER ELECTRODE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF METAL IONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Aiman Firdaus Othman ◽  
Azrilawani Ahmad ◽  
Hafiza Mohamed Zuki
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Silver Electrode

scholarly journals A Study on the Photocatalytic Reduction of Some Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution Using UV- Titanium Dioxide System

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
I. O. Ekwere ◽  
M. Horsfall ◽  
J. O. E. Otaigbe
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Photocatalytic Reduction ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Removal Of Metal ◽  
Removal Of Metal Ions

The photocatalytic reduction of Cu (II), Pb (II), Cd (II) and Cr (VI) ions in aqueous solution has been investigated. The photocatalyst utilized was nano titanium dioxide, composed of 80% anatase and 20% rutile; the UV light source was a 15 W UV bulb with a wavelength of 254 nm. The results obtained indicated a reduction efficiency order as follows; Cr6+ > Cu2+ > Pb2+ > Cd2+. It was observed that these results correlate with the respective reduction potentials of the metal ions. The effect of pH on the photocatalytic reduction of the metal ions was also carried out and results obtained indicated that with the exception of Cr (VI) ions, higher percentage removal of metal ions from their aqueous solution was recorded at alkaline pH than at acidic pH. This was attributed to an extensive formation of precipitate by the metal ions at alkaline pH. Kinetic studies revealed that the removal of metal ions from their solutions largely followed the pseudo- first-order kinetics. Therefore, the results of this study will be useful in metal ion removal from industrial waste water using photocatalytic process.

Removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) From Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Using Agrowaste-Modified Kaolinite Clay

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Adsorbent Surface ◽  
Initial Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Rates

This study showed that kaolinite clay modified with Moringa oleifera pods is a promising low cost adsorbent for the removal of metals from aqueous solution because the resultant composite has higher adsorption capacities, and hence a better metal ions removal efficiency. The efficiencies of these adsorbents for the removal of Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions from aqueous solutions were studied as a function of pH, time, adsorbate concentration and adsorbent dose. Adsorption results showed that pH did significantly affect removal of heavy metal ions between pH 3 and 6. Increasing contact time and initial metal ion concentration increased the sorption capacity of the adsorbent for the metal ions. Adsorbent dosage indicated mainly surface phenomena involving sharing of electrons between the adsorbent surface and the metal ion species. The adsorption of metal ions from aqueous solutions of both metal ions at different initial metal ion concentrations reduced the initial adsorption rates of the adsorption of Pb (II) and Cd (II) by unmodified and modified kaolinite clay.

scholarly journals Removal of Lead and Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption on a Low-Cost Phragmites Biomass

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz N. Amro ◽  
Mohammad K. Abhary ◽  
Muhammad Mansoor Shaikh ◽  
Samah Ali
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Cadmium Ions ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

In recent years, the interest in waste water treatment increased to preserve the environment. The objective of this study is the removal of lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solution by treated Phragmites biomass (TPB). TPB was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS) which indicates the presence of functional groups that may be responsible of metal adsorption such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, sulfonate and carboxylate. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method (BET) illustrated that TPB is nonporous with a small surface area. The influences of various experimental factors were investigated; the proposed method recommended the extraction of Pb+2 and Cd+2 metal ions by TPB at pH 5.0. A contact time of 60 and 45 min was required for the adsorption 50 mL (50 ppm) Pb+2 and Cd+2 respectively to reach equilibrium when 0.10 g TPB was used. The optimum TPB dosage was 0.20 g for adsorption both metal ions when adsorbate solution was 50 mL (50 ppm). Particle sizes of 0.125–0.212 mm showed the best metal ion removal of both metal ions. Thermodynamic study illustrated that both metal ions correlate more with Langmuir isotherm. Furthermore, chemisorption of Pb+2 and Cd+2 on TPB was more likely according to kinetic study data.

Theoretical Considerations and Equilibrium Conditions in Analytical Potentiometry. Computer Facilitated Mathematical Analysis of Equilibria in a Multicomponent System

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (21) ◽  
pp. 3541-3548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bihudhendra Sarkar ◽  
Theo P. A. Kruck
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Glass Electrode ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Ligand Coordination

A method entitled "analytical potentiometry" is described which permits the accurate determination of the stability constants and of the distribution of simultaneously existing complex species in multi-component systems. A series of computer programs are introduced to facilitate the otherwise tedious mathematical analysis of data. Besides simple binary systems, this method is capable of dealing with mixed ligand coordination complexes and can be adapted to polynuclear systems. For many metal ions, there are no electrodes permitting the accurate determination of those ions over a wide enough concentration range. This method eliminates the need for metal ion specific electrodes. The concentration of free metal ions is determined indirectly by the use of a weak base and the glass electrode. These features bear great significance in resolving complex systems containing multiple species simultaneously which cannot be solved by the commonly known classical methods.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Biosurfactants Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Corn Oil as Substrate

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Venty Suryanti ◽  
Sri Hastuti ◽  
Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih ◽  
Mudasir Mudasir ◽  
Dian Kresnadipayana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Metal Ion Removal ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Removal Capacity

The batch removal of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from individual heavy metal ion aqueous synthetic solution using biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa with corn oil as substrate was investigated. The metal ion removal process of crude preparation biosurfactants (CPB) was established to be dependent on the initial pH and contact time. The optimum metal removal was observed at pH 6.0 of the initial metal solution and 10 min of contact time. The affinity sequence for metal ion removal was Pb(II)>Cd(II)>Cu(II). The removal capacity value of biosurfactant for Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from single metal ions solution were 0.169, 0.276 and 0.323 mg/g, respectively. The removal capacity value of biosurfactant for Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from multi metal ions solution were 0.064, 0.215 and 0.275 mg/g, respectively. The removal capacity of individual metal ion was diminished by the presence of other metal ions in multi metal ions from synthetic aqueous solution. The removal capacity value of biosurfactant for Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from silver industry wastewater were 0.027, 0.055 and 0.291 mg/g, respectively. The results indicated that biosurfactants have potential to be used in the remediation of heavy metals in industrial wastewater.

scholarly journals Insights into the Recent Use of Modified Adsorbents in Removing Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1884-1898
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Batch Tests

Natural water gets contaminated with heavy metal ions because of industrial effluents' discharge into the aquatic environment. As these heavy metal ions cause various health hazards, they should be removed from the aqueous solution. Heavy metal ion concentration in the aqueous solution is very less, so conventional metal removal and recovery processes cannot be applied here. The adsorption method is a great alternative to all these processes as it is a cost-effective and easy method. The use of natural, low-cost materials as adsorbents is eco-friendly also. However, metal uptake capacity of low-cost materials is very less. So, modification is required for low-cost materials to increase their efficiency. In the present review, different modification procedures adopted by different researchers have been discussed. Different low-cost materials used are sawdust, fruit and vegetable wastes, soil, minerals, etc. The modifying agents are heat, acids, bases, and other chemicals. Nevertheless, most of the studies are limited to batch tests only. Future research should be carried out on the extension of batch tests to column study for the large-scale treatment of contaminated water, and the cost of modification procedures and their impact on the environment should also be assessed.

scholarly journals Adsorption and desorption studies of <i>Delonix regia</i> pods and leaves: removal and recovery of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolanle M. Babalola ◽  
Adegoke O. Babalola ◽  
Cecilia O. Akintayo ◽  
Olayide S. Lawal ◽  
Sunday F. Abimbade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Delonix Regia

Abstract. In this study, the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions by powdered Delonix regia pods and leaves was investigated using batch adsorption techniques. The effects of operating conditions such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration and the presence of sodium ions interfering with the sorption process were investigated. The results obtained showed that equilibrium sorption was attained within 30 min of interaction, and an increase in the initial concentration of the adsorbate, pH and adsorbent dosage led to an increase in the amount of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions adsorbed. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for all metal ions' sorption. The equilibrium data fitted well with both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms; the monolayer adsorption capacity (Q0 mg g−1) of the Delonix regia pods and leaves was 5.88 and 5.77 mg g−1 for Ni(II) ions respectively and 9.12 and 9.01 mg g−1 for Cu(II) ions respectively. The efficiency of the powdered pods and leaves of Delonix regia with respect to the removal of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions was greater than 80 %, except for the sorption of Ni(II) ions onto the leaves. The desorption study revealed that the percentage of metal ions recovered from the pods was higher than that recovered from the leaves at various nitric acid concentrations. This study proves that Delonix regia biomass, an agricultural waste product (“agro-waste”), could be used to remove Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution.

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