A Technique for the Accurate Measurement of Low Values of Rolling Resistance

1988 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
T G Frank ◽  
E W Abel
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Test Vehicle ◽  
Surface Flatness

This paper describes a method of measuring rolling resistance for vehicles with relatively high mass and low rolling resistance. The technique, in which the deceleration of a test vehicle is measured, overcomes some of the problems of other methods and allows a wide variety of surfaces to be used. Computerization is used for automatic timing and data processing. The implications of surface flatness and instrumental accuracy are discussed and the analysis of an experimental investigation shows that accuracies to within 3 per cent are possible.

Effect of Workpiece Flatness and Surface Finish on the Holding Force of a Magnetic Chuck

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Felix ◽  
S. N. Melkote
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Ferromagnetic Materials ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Surface Flatness ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Magnetic chucks are commonly used for workholding in precision grinding and turning of ferromagnetic materials. The workholding force produced by the chuck is strongly influenced by the texture and form of the workpiece surface in contact with the chuck surface. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation into the effects of workpiece surface flatness, finish, and texture on the normal and frictional workholding forces produced by a radial 4-pole electromagnetic chuck. Ring shaped case-hardened steel specimens were used in the experiments. The results show that the normal holding force decreases with increasing flatness deviation. The effect of surface roughness on the normal holding force was found to be small compared to the effect of flatness but significantly impacts the tangential holding force. The workpiece surface texture was also found to have an effect on the workholding forces.

scholarly journals A Survey of Orbitrap All Ion Fragmentation Analysis Assessed by an R MetaboList Package to Study Small-molecule Metabolites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Sentandreu ◽  
Manuel D Peris-Díaz ◽  
Shannon R Sweeney ◽  
Jennifer Chiou ◽  
Nathalie Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
R Package ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Melanoma Tumor ◽  
Ion Fragmentation ◽  
Automated Data Processing ◽  
Switching Mode

ABSTRACTLeukemia cell and melanoma tumor tissue extracts were studied for small (mostly m/z <250) polar metabolites by LC-ESI-HRMSn analysis powered by a hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap. MS data was simultaneously acquired in fast polarity switching mode operating in MS1 and MS/MS (All Ion Fragmentation, AIF) full-scan analyses at high mass resolution. Positive assignments were achieved by AIF analysis considering at least two characteristic transitions of metabolites. A targeted metabolite profiling was achieved by the relative quantification of 18 metabolites through spiking their respective deuterated counterparts. Manual data processing of MS1 and AIF scans were compared for accurate determination of natural metabolites and their deuterated analogs by chromatographic alignment and peak area integration. Evaluation of manual and automated (MetaboList R package) AIF data processing yielded comparable results. The versatility of AIF analysis also enabled the untargeted metabolite profiling of leukemia and melanoma samples in which 22 and 53 compounds were respectively identified outside those studied by labeling. The main limitation of the method was that low abundance metabolites with scan rates below 8 scans/peak could not be accurately quantified by AIF analysis. Combination of AIF analysis with MetaboList R package represents an opportunity to move towards automated, faster and more global metabolomics approaches supported by an entirely flexible open source automated data processing platform freely available from Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN, https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=MetaboList).

GRAPHICAL DATA PROCESSING RESEARCH STUDY AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Brain ◽  
H. S. Crafts ◽  
G. E. Forsen ◽  
D. J. Hall ◽  
J. W. Machanik
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Graphical Data
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