scholarly journals External Evaluation of a Bayesian Warfarin Dose Optimization Based on a Kinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Takahiko Aoyama ◽  
Toshinori Hirai ◽  
Yasuhiro Tsuji ◽  
Aoi Miyamoto ◽  
Toshimasa Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Model ◽  
Dose Optimization ◽  
External Evaluation

Artificial neural network-based pharmacogenomic algorithm for warfarin dose optimization

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addepalli Pavani ◽  
Shaik Mohammad Naushad ◽  
Rajasekar Manoj Kumar ◽  
Murali Srinath ◽  
Amaresh Rao Malempati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Dose Optimization ◽  
Artificial Neural

scholarly journals Dose Optimization of Combined Linezolid and Fosfomycin against Enterococcus by Using an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Mao ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Shuaishuai Wang ◽  
Yaowen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Model ◽  
Dose Optimization ◽  
Potential Mechanism

In this study, we found that linezolid combined with fosfomycin could kill Enterococcus in vitro and that the administered dose was significantly lower after the combination treatment, which could reduce adverse effects and the development of drug resistance. The potential mechanism of the two-drug combination against Enterococcus was revealed from a quantitative perspective, which is an important step toward dose optimization in simulated humans.

Retrospective evidence for clinical validity of expanded genetic model in warfarin dose optimization in a South Indian population

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 869-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addepalli Pavani ◽  
Shaik Mohammad Naushad ◽  
Ramesh C Mishra ◽  
Amaresh Rao Malempati ◽  
Ramakrishna Pinjala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Dose Optimization ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Clinical Validity ◽  
South Indian

Predicting the Dose of Warfarin for Therapeutic Anticoagulation

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 230-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
N K Sharma ◽  
P A Routledge ◽  
M D Rawlins ◽  
D M Davies
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Range ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Maintenance Dose ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Therapeutic Anticoagulation ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Anticoagulant Response

SummaryThe validity of a previously described technique for predicting warfarin requirements based on the anticoagulant response to a fixed loading dose was assessed prospectively in 57 patients. There was a close relationship between the predicted and initially observed daily warfarin dose required to maintain the patient within the therapeutic range for anticoagulation. The significant relationship between predicted and observed maintenance dose persisted at 4 and 12 weeks although it decreased with increasing time.The relationship between observed and predicted maintenance requirement of warfarin was not affected by the concomitant use of intermittent intravenous injections of heparin when 9 hr was allowed to elapse between the previous dose of heparin and the thrombotest estimation on which the prediction was based.It is concluded that the method is valuable in predicting an individual’s warfarin requirement, although it does not obviate the need for regular monitoring of anticoagulant control.

The Negative Impact of Biological Variation in the Effect and Clearance of Warfarin on Methods for Prediction of Dose Requirements

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peretz Weiss ◽  
Hillel Halkin ◽  
Shlomo Almog
Keyword(s):  
Individual Variation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Dose Prediction ◽  
Group I ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Variance Explained

SummaryWithin-individual variation over time in the clearance (Cl) and effect (PT%) of warfarin, was measured in 25 inpatients (group I) studied after standard single or individualized split loading doses and 1-3 times (n = 16) 8-16 weeks later during maintenance. Mean Cl (2.5 α 0.9 ml/min) was similar in both phases but significant changes occurred in 6/16 patients, exceeding those expected from within-individual variation alone (defined by its 95% tolerance limits -24% to +62%). Initial PT% (21 α 5) was unaffected by dosing schedule, total or free plasma warfarin, varying between patients by only 18-24%. Mean initial and maintenance dose-PT% ratios (8.2 mg/d: 21% and 4.1 mg/d: 40%) were similar but significant changes in sensitivity to warfarin occurred in 4/16 patients. In group I and 64 other outpatients on maintenance therapy, between-individual variability was 36-52% for Cl and 49-56% for effect. PT% correlated best (r = 0.56) with free and total plasma warfarin but poorly with dose (r = 0.29), with only 30% of PT% variance explained at best, due to high between patient variability.Warfarin dose prediction whether based on extrapolation from initial effects to the maintenance phase, or on iterative methods not allowing for between- or within-patient variation in warfarin clearance or effect which may occur independently over time, have not improved on empirical therapy. This, due to the elements of biological variability as well as the intricacy of the warfarin - prothrombin complex interaction not captured by any kinetic-dynamic model used for prediction to date.

Limitações e desafios à formação do pedagogo na área de avaliação educacional

2016 ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Wagner Bandeira Andriola
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Teacher Performance ◽  
Educational Assessment ◽  
School Management ◽  
Educational Evaluation ◽  
External Evaluation ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
The Government ◽  
Detailed Diagnosis

RESUMOO texto proporciona reflexões sobre a formação do Pedagogo, enfatizando as limitações mais visíveis na área da avaliação educacional. A partir da análise de matrizes curriculares de cursos de graduação em Pedagogia, constatou-se que algumas das principais demandas da sociedade atual não têm sido atendidas. Propôs-se que as matrizes curriculares fossem revistas, para permitir o desenvolvimento de cinco competências básicas: a) capacidade de compreender os resultados de avaliações externas realizadas pelos municípios, pelos estados e pela federação; b) capacidade de usar os resultados das avaliações externas para aprimorar a atuação docente; c) capacidade de usar os micro-dados das avaliações externas para obter diagnósticos mais detalhados da situação da escola; d) capacidade de usar os resultados dos diagnósticos mais detalhados para planejar ações de aprimoramento da gestão escolar; e) capacidade de avaliar a execução e adequação das ações de aprimoramento da gestão escolar.Palavras chave: Formação do pedagogo, ensino superior, avaliação educacional.Limitations and challenges in the formation of pedagogue in the area of education assessment.ABSTRACTThe study provides reflections on the formation of the pedagogue, emphasizing the most visible limitations in the field of educational assessment. From the analysis of matrices of education curriculum, it found that some of the main demands of today’s society have not been addressed yet. It proposed the revision of the curricular matrices to allow the development of five skills: a) ability to understand the results of external evaluations conducted by municipalities, regions and the government; b) ability to use the results of external evaluations to improve teacher performance; c) ability to use external evaluation microdata for a more detailed diagnosis of the school situation; d) ability to use results of the most detailed diagnostics for planning actions to improve school management; e) ability to assess the implementation and adaptation of the measures to improve school management.Key words: Teacher training, higher education, educational evaluation.

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